Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
 47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Serum alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme electrophoresis on cellulose acetate plates in a normal population of 91 controls and 255 cancer patients demonstrates the presence of an isoenzyme alpha 1 in 36 out of39 cases of confirmed liver metastases. In 188 cancer patients without apparent hepatic lesion and with a normal liver biology, the alpha 1 isoenzyme has been found in 45 cases, but 11 presented afterwards confirmed liver metastases. This isoenzyme remained negative in the normal population. Therefore, our results indicate that the alpha 1 alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme may be a useful marker for the biological diagnosis of liver metastases.
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PMID:The value of serum alkaline phosphatase alpha 1 isoenzyme in the diagnosis of liver metastases. Preliminary results. 48 95

A unique isoenzyme of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) has been identified in the serum of patients who had neoplastic lesions involving the liver. The isoenzyme migrates in an ultrafast position near the albumin band on cellulose acetate electrophoresis.
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PMID:The ultrafast alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme is not a bilirubin albumin artifact. 53 57

We have studied five patients who have exhibited an unusual alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme (ALP EC 3.1.3.1) migrating in an ultrafast position electrophoretically on cellulose acetate. This ALP isoenzyme has been identified in patients with benign and malignant liver diseases. In addition, a number of these patients exhibited a regular ALP liver isoenzyme and a fast (preliver) ALP isoenzyme in conjunction with the ultrafast ALP liver isoenzyme.
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PMID:Clinical significance of an ultrafast alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme. 53 64

3 preparations of 17beta-estradiol and norethisterone acetate were administered to 34 climacteric and 175 postmenopausal women to treat climacteric symptoms and symptoms of estrogen deficiency. 56 women were treated with trisekvens (Group 1), 131 with trisekvens forte (Group 2), and 22 with estrofem forte (Group 3). Triglycerides, cholesterol, calcium, sodium and potassium ions, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine, glucose, protein, albumin, haptoglobin, zinc sulphate, iron, TIBC, bilirubin, ALAT and ASAT, and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and low polar estrogens (LPE) were measured. All patients exhibited lowered S-cholesterols which reverted to normal after 6 months treatment. S-triglycerides were unchanged except in Group 1 patients where there was a slight increase after 24 months use (p .01). Serum FSH and LH decreased during treatment and this decrease was most pronounced in Groups 2 and 3. Serum LPE levels increased in Group 1, for climacteric women, to normal luteal values and in postmenopausal women to proliferation values. In groups 2 and 3, serum LPG for postmenopausal women reached luteal values. Climacteric symptoms disappeared with therapy and there was an improvement in symptoms caused by estrogen deficiency. 34 patients discontinued treatment, 14 changing to another preparation. These preparations were well tolerated with few side effects.
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PMID:Treatment of climacteric and postmenopausal women with 17-beta-oestradiol and norethisterone acetate. 60 3

The approximative lethal dose of triacetin and diethylene glycole acetate is determined after the method of Deihmann and Leblanc. Experiments are conducted on white rats to establish the acute and subacute oral, dermal and inhalatory toxicity of the two substances. Changes in weight, liver and kidneys weight coefficient, hematopoiesis and hepatic function (biochemical and pathomorphological), as well as the stimulating effect on mucosa and skin are studied. The results of the study show a weak stimulating action on mucosa and skin, and insignificant cumulation. Emphasis is laid on the functional character of changes in the values of some enzymes -- alkaline phosphatase, cytochrome oxidase, cholinesterase -- and of the pathomorphologically established parenchymatous dystrophy. Presumably, it is a matter of changes more strongly manifested in imported triacetin. The conclusion is reached that imported triacetin may be substituted for lokally produced diethylene glycoldiacetate which proves to be with a lower acute and subacute toxicity.
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PMID:[Comparative toxicity of triacetin and diethylene glycol diacetate]. 61 56

Urinary glycosaminoglycan excretion was studied in 24 cases of disseminated neoplasm, 12 of which had unequivocal evidence of skeletal involvement. Urinary hydroxyproline, cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC)-precipitable uronic acid, and CPC-precipitable hexosamine were expressed as a ratio to urinary creatinine. Glycosaminoglycans contained in urine concentrated x 1000 by vacuum-dialysis were separated by electrophoresis on cellulose acetate and stained with alcian blue. Of the 12 cases with clear evidence of skeletal involvement, eight (66%) showed elevation of serum alkaline phosphatase, five (42%) showed elevation of urinary hydroxyproline, and three (25%) showed elevation of urinary uronic acid. It is concluded that urinary uronic acid is not a sensitive index of skeletal involvement in disseminated neoplasm. The most striking feature of the study was the identification of a well-defined fraction indist inguishable from hyaluronic acid in seven (58%) of the cases with evidence of skeletal involvement. Hyaluronic acid is not normally identifiable in adult human urine. The hyaluronic acid excretors showed more consistent biochemical evidence of bone disease (elevation of serum alkaline phosphatase and urinary hydroxyproline) than the non-excretors. The possibility that the urinary hyaluronic acid is derived from degradation of skeletal hyaluronic acid is discussed. An alternative explanation is that the hyaluronic acid is derived from neoplastic cells as part of a reversion of glycosaminoglycan synthesis to a more ;fetal' state, a glycosaminoglycan counterpart of the production of oncofetal antigens by neoplastic cells.
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PMID:Urinary excretion of glycosaminoglycans in disseminated neoplasm. 64 71

The metabolism of ground substance in connective tissue of an 18-year-old boy with oculo-cerebro-renal syndrome was studied. He had characteristic clinical and laboratory findings described by Lowe et al. such as growth retardation, mental deficiency, glaucoma, cataracta, decreased muscle tone, metabolic acidosis, aminoaciduria and osteomalacia. The urinary excretion of acid glycosaminoglycans and of total hydroxyproline were 27 mg/day (as glucuronic acid) and 280 mg/day respectively on admission. Both values decreased to the upper limits of normal level transiently during treatment with alkali and vitamin D2. At that time, an improvement in bone abnormalities, a decrease of serum alkaline phosphatase, and an elevation of serum inorganic phosphate were observed. The therapy prevented him from progressive osteomalacia and cured him of it, but mucopolysacchariduria and hydroxyprolinuria did not disappear. Analytical electrophoresis on cellulose acetate sheets showed that urinary acid glycosaminoglycans were composed of undersulfated chondroitin 4-/6-sulfate and heparan sulfate with a ratio of 6:4, on admission. After oral administration of alkali, the excretion of heparan sulfate decreased and undersulfated chondroitin 4-/6-sulfate was determined as a main component of urinary acid glycosaminoglycans. The clinical and laboratory data in this case suggested that the increased excretion of acid glycosaminoglycans and total hydroxyproline was caused by abnormal metabolism in connective tissues, especially by the bone abnormalities, in this syndrome.
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PMID:Urinary excretion of acid glycosaminoglycans and hydroxyproline in a patient with oculo-cerebro-renal syndrome. 73 46

The application of Triton X-100 in cellulose acetate electrophoresis and its effects on the separation of serum alkaline phosphatases is described. The cellulose acetate electrophoretic patterns of serum alkaline phosphatase found in liver and bone disease have been compared with the patterns found in agar, agarose, and polyacrylamide gel in the presence and absence of Triton X-100 and the differences described and discussed. Changes in the alkaline phosphatase electrophoretic pattern and the effects on certain electrophoretic variants have been noted following addition of Triton X-100 to all parts of the system.
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PMID:A study of alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme electrophoresis on cellulose acetate compared with agar, agarose and acrylamide in the presence or absence of triton X-100. 75 42

A new procedure is established for the analysis of alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes. The electrophoretic separation on cellulose acetate membrane coupled with the detection of alkaline phosphatase activity with 4-methyl-umbelliferyl phosphate as a substrate is described. The proposed method would be useful for the analysis of sample of micro-scale quantities and low activities.
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PMID:The analysis of alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme using 4-methylumbelliferyl phosphate as substrate on a cellulose acetate membrane. 76 3

In a series of experiments with a total of 1480 veal calves, different aspects of treating calves with anabolic steroids were examined. The anabolics used were 17beta-estradiol (E), trenbolone acetate (T), progesterone (P), testosterone (Te), C+T, E+P, E+Te and zeranole (Z). The N-retention was estimated by examining the urea: creatinine ratio in single urine specimens during the course of two feeding trials. Increased gain due to the treatment with E (20 mg implanted/calf) + P (200 mg) and Te (200 mg), respectively, E + T (140 mg) or Z (36 mg) was during the whole experimental period. The extra gain, due to anabolics seems to contain even more protein. This conclusion may be supported by the crude protein content of meat samples. The antibody production of a total of 311 male and female calves was investigated after the application of the following steroids: E (20 mg), T (200 mg), T (200 mg), E + T, P (200 mg), Te (200 mg), E + P, E + Te, and Z. Eleven days after the implantation of the steroids the animals were immunized with alumprecipitated human serumalbumin. Antibody-titres were determined by the Antigen-Binding-Capacity Test on day 14 following immunization. In nearly all groups the antibody-titres of female calves exceeded those of male calves on the average by 75%. The immune response of all experimental groups did not differ significantly from that of the corresponding control groups. However, the results indicate that both E + T and its single components E and T exert an immunodepressive effect in male calves. While the humoral antibody formation in the calf appears not to be influenced by anabolic steroids, it cannot be decided presently whether these substances effect cell-mediated immune reactions and/or unspecific mechanisms of resistance. When estradiol (20, 200, and 500 mg) and trenbolone acetate (140, 1400, 3500 mg) alone and in combination were implanted in female calves, blood glucose, GOT, GPT, alkaline phosphatase, LDH, cholesterine and bilirubine; Hb, PVC, quick value; urine density and pH were not affected by treatment. Some criteria of the mineral metabolism (Ca- and P-levels in serum and bone) was not altered by treatment. Trenbolone (1 400 and 3 500 mg), especially with estradiol, caused a decrease of the serum Mg-level and of the Mg-deposition in the bone. It is discussed that Trenbolone affects the dig-metabolism of calves. Some morphological findings are worth mentioning. The weight of uterus was not affected by the different doses of E or T, but a combination E + T led to a surprising weight increase. The proliferation of uterine glandular cells was responsible for the increased uterine size. The lumen of uterus was partially filled with a watery liquid. The reduction of the ovarian weight was accompanied by a diminution of follicular size for all treated calves, most evident for E (200, 500 mg) + T (1400, 3500 mg). A decrease in the number of follicles was also found for these two groups. T (3500 mg) caused an abnormal size of the clitoris and led to a reduction of the size of thymus.
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PMID:Physiological data including evaluation of immuno-response in relation to anabolic effects on veal calves. 78 65


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