Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
 47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The activities of eight enzymes (glutamate dehydrogenase, sorbital dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, alpha-hydroxy butyrate dehydrogenase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, alkaline phosphatase and creatine kinase) were determined in tissue homogenates of liver, kidney, spleen, lung, small intestine, cardiac muscle and skeletal muscle, from 15 Large White pigs of three different ages (1.5 weeks, 18--22 weeks and 113 weeks). The results showed that variation in tissue enzyme concentration due to differences in sex is minimal. Variation due to differences in age, however, appears to be of greater importance, particularly when considering young animals. These age differences may affect the interpretation of plasma enzyme changes due to tissue damage, and the use of additional enzyme assays as an aid to interpretation in these cases is advisable.
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PMID:Enzyme activities in tissues of clinically normal Large White pigs. Variations with age and sex. 60 99

The influence of circulatory conditions, point of blood withdrawal (arterial, central or peripheral venous) and the plasma-serum relation on 29 clinical chemical and hematological parameters were studied with 22 polytraumatized patients. The conditions studied significantly affect the results, and must be taken into consideration in evaluating the results and their comparison to reference values. This is especially important for the determination of the catalytic activities of creatine kinase, aspartate and alanine aminotransferases, and alkaline phosphatase in centralized-circulatory patients, for the total protein the electrophoretic fractions and analyses of blood gas as a function of the point of blood withdrawal, and for the total protein, gamma-globulins and potassium when plasma is analysed instead of serum.
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PMID:[Influence of specimen withdrawal on the results of chemical analyses of blood, plasma and serum in patients with stable or centralized circulation (author's transl)]. 69 May 67

A set of linearly related serum survey specimens was analyzed by more than 200 laboratories on four occasions in 1977 for the five enzymes lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate and alanine aminotransferases, creatine phosphokinase, and alkaline phosphatase. The survey technic, which employs specimens that are designed to have multiple informational redundancies for detecting discrepancies in the survey data, was found to be a feasible approach, as a variety of methodologic biases and analytic problems were readily detected. The specimens were shown to be stable,and the mean results obtained by a reference group of laboratories were quite reproducible. Consequently, changes observed in individual laboratories in successive surveys were attributable to intra-laboratory changes. The survey provides each participant with an objective evaluation of the linearity, precision, and calibration of his methods, in comparison with peer and reference laboratories, as well as information concerning the popularities of various methods, and the performances of various analytic systems. For each enzyme there are a few large peer groups and a large number of small peer groups. Differences among the laboratories within each peer group were due primarily to proportional biases that in some cases were clearly due to instrumental or reagent differences, rather than to methodologic differences.
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PMID:The 1977 College of American Pathologists Enzymology Survey. Principal findings. 70 14

The activities of alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase and creatine kinase in sera of 1,033 children and adolescents aged 5 to 20 years were measured. The results showed significant deviation from the gaussian distribution. Because of differences between sexes and nonlinear relationship to age, sex- and age-related values for the 95th, 90th, and 5th percentiles are presented. Alkaline phosphatase activity increased markedly between 5 and 14 years of age in male subjects and 5 and 12 years of age in female subjects. The peak at puberty was more pronounced in boys than in girls. After puberty, activities decreased toward adult values. Aspartate aminotransferase activity showed a gradual significant decrease between 5 and 17 years of age in male subjects and 5 and 16 years of age in female subjects; then it remained steady until 20 years of age. Creatine kinase activity remained constant in male subjects between 5 and 12 years old, then rose to a maximum at 15 to 16 years of age before declining rapidly toward adult values. In female subjects, creatine kinase activity remained stable from 5 to 12 years of age, then decreased gradually in early adulthood.
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PMID:Age dependence of serum enzymatic activities (alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, and creatine kinase) in healthy children and adolescents. 71 84

The values of a number of biochemical variables have been studied before and after a 50-gram load of glucose orally. Reductions which were statistically significant were found for sodium, potassium, urea, total protein, albumin, calcium, phosphorus, urate, bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, but not for bicarbonate, creatinine, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, cholesterol, triglyceride or chloride. The magnitude of the changes was generally not great, but could be clinically appreciable. The differences may need to be taken into account in comparing population studies.
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PMID:The effect of 50 grams of glucose orally on a number of biochemical variables. 85 60

The stability of total protein and various enzyme and electrolyte analytes in numerous pools of lyophilized quality control sera is evaluated. Using data obtained between 1973 and 1976 from Regional Quality Control Programs utilizing the Quality Assurance Service of the College of American Pathologists, monthly group mean values are studied as a function of time, by means of linear regression analysis. In the 28 pools studied, unstable analyte-pool combinations were detected in approximately 35% of the cases. Total protein was the most universally stable. In a large percentage of pools, minimally increasing concentrations of sodium, chloride, and potassium were found, while inorganic phosphorus decreased in the majority of pools. In pools with changing enzymatic activiteis, alkaline phosphatase tended to increase and creatine phosphokinase generally decreased. Changes in levels of calcium, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, and lactate dehydrogenase were inconsistent. Changes in analyte concentration were judged in relation to the precision (SD) with which the analytes were measured. The ratios of rate of change in analyte value to SD were lower for electrolytes than for other analytes.
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PMID:Long-term stability of enzymes, total protein, and inorganic analytes in lyophilized quality control serum. 87 83

The effects of prolonged strenous exercise on the plasma concentrations of sodium, potassium, calcium, chloride, bicarbonate, phosphate, albumin, cholesterol, glucose, creatinine, bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, creatine phosphokinase, lactic dehydrogenase and asparate amino transferase were studied in a group of 26 horses competing in an endurance ride. There were significant changes in most parameters, when control values were compared with those taken immediately after the ride. There was also a significant correlation between several biochemical parameters and heart rate taken 30 minutes after the ride. When faster and slower horses were compared, significant differences were found only in phosphate and glucose values.
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PMID:Plasma biochemistry alterations in horses during an endurance ride. 89 15

We have observed creatine kinase isoenzyme BB in the sera of nine of 19 patients with Stage D carcinoma of the prostate. Its presence does not seem to correlate with acid phosphatase activity in serum or the presence of bone metastases as indicated by increased alkaline phosphatase activity in serum. Only three of the nine patients with BB isoenzyme activity detectable in their serum had abnormal values for total creatine kinase activity, but all had abnormal values for alkaline and acid phosphatase activity. All 10 patients with no BB isoenzyme detectable had abnormal acid phosphatase values; however, only seven had increased alkaline phosphatase values and only one had increased creatine kinase activity.
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PMID:Presence of creatine kinase BB isoenzyme in some patients with prostatic carcinoma. 90 21

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were collected from the atlanto-occipital (AO) and lumbosacral (LS) subarachnoid spaces of 24 horses and 21 ponies that had no clinical evidence of neurologic disease. Depth of needle insertion, pressures, refractive index, rapid reagent strip test (protein, glucose, blood, pH) results, cell counts, content of protein, glucose, sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, phosphorus, urea nitrogen, and cholesterol, and activities of creatine phosphokinase, aspartate transaminase, lactic dehydrogenase, and alkaline phosphatase were determined. The resulting clinical reference values obtained were discussed in light of the published normal values for CSF from horses, other animals, and man. White cell counts in CSF were found to be from 0 to 6/microliters. Values for protein content were distributed between wider limits than previously reported values. The LS-AO difference is proposed as a criterion for clinical evaluation of CSF protein content. Ponies were found to have more protein in their CSF than did the horses, and CSF from the LS site contained more glucose than that from the AO site. The CSF electrolyte composition was similar to that of previous reports. Enzyme activities in equine CSF are reported for the 1st time.
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PMID:Equine cerebrospinal fluid: reference values of normal horses. 91 Oct 95

The method for the determination of enzymic activity in turbid, lipaemic sera, which involves clearing by polyanion precipitation with heparin and magnesium chloride, was critically reviewed. In the diagnosis of diseases of the liver and pancreas, which are frequently associated with hyperlipoproteinaemia, only residual enzyme activities are measured in the cleared serum after polyanion treatment. In the measurement of glutamate dehydrogenase and in the Phadebas test for alpha-amylase, the enzymes are inactivated by treatment with heparin and magnesium chloride. On the other hand, as a result of polyanion precipitation gamma-glutamyl transferase is transferred, together with lipoproteins and chylomicrons, to the lipid-rich supernatant. Acid phosphatase also exhibits only residual activity in cleared serum. The activity of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, leucine arylamidase, cholinesterase, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, and alpha-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, and the activity of alpha-amylase in the Merckotest are not affected by polyanion treatment of the serum.
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PMID:[Enzyme diagnosis in lipaemic sera before and after polyanion precipitation with heparin and magnesium chloride (author's transl)]. 92 35


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