Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
 47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The hepatoprotective antioxidant bioflavonoid cianidanol has beneficial therapeutic and immunomodulatory effects in chronic hepatitis. Its action on natural killer (NK) cell activity has not yet been studied in hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. In the present study, the in vitro and in vivo effects of the drug on NK cell activity have been determined in six patients with chronic HBV hepatitis and in ten healthy control subjects. Two methods were used: an enzyme release assay and a cytotoxicity test based on the assessment of endogenous alkaline phosphatase activity of the target cells. The in vitro effect of the drug was assessed using cianidanol at 10(-6), 10(-5) and 10(-4) M concentrations. For in vivo studies, HBV hepatitis patients were treated with cianidanol at a daily dose of 3.0 g cianidanol for seven days and were investigated before and after the treatment. Chronic HBV hepatitis patients showed a moderate decrease in NK cell activity compared to the controls, but after the cianidanol therapy their NK cell activity significantly rose to 68.0% +/- 9.5% (p less than 0.01). Cianidanol in vitro inhibited the NK cell activity both in hepatitis and healthy groups when using K-562 target cells and the lactic acid dehydrogenase enzyme release assay, but did not influence or even slightly enhance the NK activity when human embryonic fibroblast cells and alkaline phosphatase assay were used for the test. After the 7-day in vivo treatment, the in vitro inhibitory action of the drug was diminished or absent.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Effect of cianidanol on natural killer cell activity in patients with chronic B virus hepatitis. 359 73

Studied was the effect of an experimental infection of lambs with 1000 and 4000 larvae of Oesophagostomum venulosum on the activity of some more important serum enzymes, the level of sulfhydryl groups, and the level of sugar. It was found that the activity of glutamic acid oxal-acetate transaminase and lactic acid dehydrogenase rose, and that of alkaline phosphatase dropped. At 4000 larvae the level of glutamic acid pyruvate transaminase rose. The concentration of blood sugar dropped. There was also a drop of the SH groups. It was best manifested from the first to the third week following infection. In the fourth week the level of the total and residual SH groups showed a trend toward coming back to normal, however, the initial values were not reached.
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PMID:[Pathogenic role of O. venulosum in lambs]. 403 93

Recently it has been observed that the activity of certain enzymes in serum and urine may be increased after renal infarction. Although aortography or selective renal angiography should be the diagnostic corner-stone on which one would proceed to embolectomy, it is possible that enzyme assays may serve as laboratory aids to suggest or confirm the diagnosis. This paper reviews the few existing clinical and experimental studies and reports on two patients who had a total of three episodes of renal infarction. Serial determinations after one episode showed increased activity of serum oxaloacetic glutamic transaminase (SGOT) and of lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH) and alkaline phosphatase in the serum and urine; some elevated serum LDH and SGOT values were recorded after the other two infarctions. The time of onset and duration of these increases are discussed, and the possible difficulty in differentiating renal from myocardial infarction is illustrated.
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PMID:Serum and urinary enzyme activity after renal infarction. 584 35

The screening of autopsy specimens, vaginal, buccal, and rectal swabs, for the presence of seminal fluid in rape homicide investigations utilizing classical techniques can lead to erroneous results. In the absence of spermatozoa, techniques are needed which can help to identify seminal fluid. This report illustrates the use of a multi-enzyme electrophoretic approach identifying seminal acid phosphatase (SAP) and lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH-X) as an initial screening procedure. Subsequent analyses for the presence of acid and alkaline phosphatase (semiquantitative) yield information which can help identify false-positive SAP's. Additionally, salivary amylase can be tentatively identified using the same multi-enzyme procedure which informs the investigator of possible salivary contamination of the sample and possible erroneous PGM results. Statistics utilizing the multi-enzyme approach in case work are also presented.
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PMID:A multi-enzyme electrophoretic system for the identification of seminal fluid from postmortem specimens. 617 21

The storage capability of the sterile Corvac silicone gel tube as a specimen collection device is evaluated. Sera collected and stored in sterile Corvac silicone gel tubes were compared with control specimens collected in regular Monoject tubes and transferred to new Monoject tubes for storage. Sera for the efficacy tests were transferred from both the gel tube and the control tube without concern for storage. Sixty-seven analytes were compared, 20 of which were included in the storage portion. Only glucose, potassium, carbon dioxide, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, and lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH) were statistically different in the storage experiment and amylase, T-3 uptake, folates, HDL, and again LDH by another method, were statistically different in the efficacy experiment. These evaluations determine the validity of storing specimens in this manner for reanalysis or additional analyses.
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PMID:Sterile Corvac silicone gel tubes: efficacy and storage capabilities. 642 Nov 48

Investigations were carried out with a total of 276 high-producing and clinically healthy cows that had freshly calved on 11 farms, being divided into groups according to the extent to which ketonuria was present if al all. Whole blood and blood serum were sampled to determine the ketone bodies, blood sugar, erythrocyte and leukocyte counts, hemoglobin, inorganic phosphorus, Ca, Mg, total protein, carotene, and activity of the GOT and GPT enzymes as well as the activity of lactic acid dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, aldolase, and leucine aminopeptidase. Studied were the body temperature, the pulse rate, and the respiration rate. It was found that on farms with ketosis in cows ketonuria was manifested most often after the ketone bodies in the blood rose to 10-12 mg%. At the same time the blood sugar level was lowered and as a rule it showed reverse correlation with the levels of ketonemia and ketonuria. In such cows there was a lowering trend with the Ca and carotene contents and the erythrocyte count, and the respiration rate was higher. There were no changes in the body temperature, pulse rate, leukocyte count, Ca, Mg, hemoglobin, protein, and the activity of aldolase. The activity of the other enzymes mentioned was higher, and it correlated positively with the rise of ketonemia and ketonuria. With diseased cows the activity of alkaline phosphatase only was shown to be lower, negatively correlating with ketonuria.
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PMID:[Changes in the serum enzymes and clinical and clinico-biochemical indices of cows with subclinical ketosis]. 653 57

A study was conducted to determine the effects of an environmentally induced force molt treatment on concentrations and daily variations of selected serum biochemicals during early molt. Laying hens were placed into two environmental control chambers. In one chamber, control (Con) laying hens were maintained on long photoperiods of 19 hr of light daily to maintain egg production. In the other chamber, early molt (EM) hens were exposed to short photoperiods of 6 hr of light daily to decrease egg production. After 2 weeks in the chambers, feed was withdrawn from EM hens for 2 days to initiate molt. Three days after feed was restored, hens from both groups were blood sampled every 2 hr for 2 days for selected serum biochemical analyses. Serum concentrations of calcium (Ca), inorganic phosphate (P), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), and albumin (Alb) were depressed in EM hens. Serum concentrations of alkaline phosphatase (Alk P), lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glucose (Glu), cholesterol (Chol), and globulin (Glob) were elevated in EM hens. Daily temporal rhythms of Ca, Glu, total protein (TP), and Alb were found in both hen groups. These temporal changes were independent of force molt treatment. Serum GOT was positively correlated with nuclei free liver corticosteroids (LCS) and negatively associated with plasma corticosterone in Con hens. Serum GOT was positively correlated with nuclei free LCS in EM hens.
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PMID:The effects of forced molt treatment on blood biochemicals in hens. 687 20

The concentrations of sodium, potassium, chloride, urea, creatinine, uric acid, total protein, albumin, inorganic phosphorous, calcium, magnesium, cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose, aspartate and alanine transaminases (AST and ALT), creatine kinase (CK), lactic acid dehydrogenase (LD), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total bilirubin in the serum of a captive population of the mountain tortoise (Geochelone pardalis) (n = 13) were determined. Results varied considerably, particularly for most enzymes such as AST (11-113 U/l,ALT (1-72 U/l), CK (12-242 U/l), LD (147-2641 U/l) and ALP (56-168 U/l).
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PMID:Selected biochemical parameters in captive mountain tortoises (Geochelone pardalis). 849 93

One hundred thirty patients with high grade osteosarcoma were enrolled in a randomized prospective multidisciplinary treatment that included intraarterial chemotherapy, local irradiation, limb salvage surgery, and prophylactic whole lung irradiation. The patients were evaluated to stage the prognostic factors. In a multivariate analysis, a minimal level of serum lactic acid dehydrogenase less than 300 IU/L showed a significant prognostic value. The history of trauma before diagnosis of disease, local irradiation of the affected site, histologic response to preoperative multidisciplinary therapy, and prophylactic whole lung irradiation were associated with significantly better prognosis in the log rank test. Patient age, site of the primary tumor, presentation of fracture, pathologic subtype, signs and symptoms, serum alkaline phosphatase level, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were not found to be prognostic factors. The 9-year survival rate of the whole group was 55%.
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PMID:Prognostic factors among 130 patients with osteosarcoma. 941 42

Liver metastasis of colorectal cancer is a life-threatening prognostic factor. Hepatic resection, when possible, is the best therapeutic modality, although the overall survival rate is still low (30%). The diagnosis has been carried out by clinical examination, abnormal alkaline phosphatase, lactic acid dehydrogenase and tumor markers, abdominal liver echography and computed tomography scan. Angiography and intraoperative echography are useful for resection. The number of hepatic metastases and the surgical margin are probably the most significant prognostic factors. Colorectal cancer may spread predominantly to the liver making regional treatment strategies viable options. Subtotal hepatic resections and segmentectomies are potentially curable procedures for single or small numbers of hepatic metastases without other sites of disease. However, there have been no prospective randomized trials comparing patients with unresected liver metastases and resected metastases. Regional chemotherapy with floxuridine seems useful combined with hepatic resection or as palliative therapy. Gastric ulcer and biliary sclerosis are the main related toxicities. Patients with localized, unresectable hepatic metastases or concomitant bad medical condition may be candidates for radiation, percutaneous ethanol injection, cryosurgery, radiofrequency, hypoxic flow-stop perfusions with bioreductive alkylating agents, hepatic arterial ligation, embolization and chemoembolization. These new hepatic-directed modalities of treatment are being investigated and may offer new approaches to providing palliation and prolonging survival. This review reports the possibilities of intraarterial chemotherapy and other novel hepatic directed approaches to the treatment of liver metastases from this common disease.
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PMID:Locoregional therapy for liver metastases from colorectal cancer: the possibilities of intraarterial chemotherapy, and new hepatic-directed modalities. 1137 96


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