Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
 47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Tests were carried out on the influence of alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus on the metabolism and the ultrastructure of ovaries of juvenile rats. The diabetes mellitus caused the following changes in the metabolism: reduction in the concentration of ATP and NADPH, increase in the lactate/pyruvate quotient to above 40, reduction in the ATP/ADP quotient to below 1, reduction in the level of activity of the hydrogen-conveying enzymes G-6-P-dehydrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase, increase in the level of activity of the alkaline phosphatase, reduction of the protein content. Ultrastructure: almost complete disappearance of the rough endoplasmic reticulum, shrinkage of the mitochondria, reduction of the cristae and condensation of the matrix. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum remains unchanged, the extent of the Golgi-complex is reduced. Easy removal of the lipid deposits.
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PMID:Metabolism and ultrastructure in ovaries of alloxan-diabetic juvenile rats. 0 67

The properties of seven enzymes were studied in extracts from Myxobacter AL-1. The enzymes were isocitrate dehydrogenase (E.C.1.1.1.42), succinate dehydrogenase (E.C.1.3.99.1), alkaline phosphatase (E.C.3.1.3.1), alpha-glucosidase (E.C.3.2.1.20), beta-glucosidase (E.C.3.2.1.21), beta-galactosidase (E.C.3.2.1.23), and N-acetyl-glucosaminidase (E.C. 3.2.1.30). Four of these enzymes: isocitrate dehydrogenase, alpha-glucosidase, beta-glucosidase, and beta-galactosidase are cytosolic enzymes. Succinate dehydrogenase was found to be located on the cytoplasmic membrane system, whereas alkaline phosphatase and N-acetylglucosaminidase were considered as enzymes which bind the outer membranes resp. the cell wall. During the cell cycle, all enzymes have a pattern of discontinuous activity increase. Succinate dehydrogenase and isocitrate dehydrogenase exhibit a stepwise increase of activity, whereas the other enzymes follow the pattern of a peak enzyme.
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PMID:Studies on the cell cycle of Myxobacter AL-1. II. Activities of seven enzymes during the cell cycle. 2 Aug 61

Activities of 9 enzymes were determined biochemically in the endometrium. In Trial I (five women) 25 mg progesterone were injected i.m. on day 9 of the cycle; and endometrial biopsy taken 24 hours later was compared with endometrium from day 10 and day 21, taken in two untreated cycles from the same volunteers. Similarly, in Trial II (five women) 50 mg progesterone were injected on day 9, biopsy taken on day 11 and compared with days 11 and 21 from untreated cycles. The specific activites of lactate dehydrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDH), malate dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase, beta-glucuronidase, acid phosphatase (ACP) and alkaline phosphatase (AP) were significantly higher in the secretory phase. Twenty-five milligrams progesterone (after 24 hours) caused increases of some enzymes, significant only for AP. Fifty milligrams (after 48 hours) increased significantly the activity of ICDH and ACP. Biochemical changes, especially increase of ICDH, can be used for detection of the effect of progesterone on the endometrium.
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PMID:Effect of endogenous and exogenous progesterone on human endometrial enzymes. 3 Jul 6

Ovarian cycle in albino rats was applied to ascertain the problem of the relationship between the salivary and endocrine glands, and also of the extent of participation of individual components of the salivary glands with different functional orientation in the endocrine regulation of individual components of the salivary glands. The content of protein, mucopolysaccharides, DNA, and RNA, the activity of NAD- and NADP-diaphorase, alkaline phosphatase, malate and isocitrate dehydrogenase, alpha-leucine-aminopeptidase was studied. Cytospectrophotometric analysis showed that synchronous changes in the activity of the enzymes under study occurred in all the portions of the salivary glands, depending on the ovarian cycle phases. Of the four successive phases of the cycle the greatest activity of the enzymes and of the protein and mucopolysaccharide content was noted during the proestrus and metaestrus. Different metabolic processes were observed in the salivary ducts in comparison with other parts of the gland; this was apparently connected with peculiarities of the secretion and hormone production.
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PMID:[Quantitative histoenzymologic characteristics of the submaxillary salivary glands of white rats during an ovarian cycle]. 14 76

Serum gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGTP), isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICD), ornithine carbamoyl transferase (OCT), alanine aminotransferase (AlT), aspartate aminotransferase (AsT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities were assayed in 67 alcoholics and 40 drug dependent patients. Bilirubin, total protein, albumin, and globulin were also measured. GGTP elevation was observed in 48% of alcoholics and in 50% of drug dependents. The incidences of elevated levels of other enzymes were: ICD 39 and 38-7%; OCT 23-7 and 36-1%; AlT 30 and 33%; AsT 24-2 and 21-7%; ALP 10-4 and 5% respectively. Measurement of GGTP is thus more useful as a screening test for involvement of the liver in alcoholics and drug dependent patients than that of the other enzymes.
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PMID:Serum enzyme levels in alcoholism and drug dependency. 23 23

The effect of the three-monthly injectable contraceptive depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) on liver and lipid function was assessed in Thai women with liver fluke (Opisthorchis viverrini) infestation, DMPA administration being started in the immediate postpartum period. Immediate postpartum IUD and sterilization acceptors with fluke infestation were recruited as a comparison (control) group for the fluke-positiv DMPA acceptors. Comparable groups of fluke-negative acceptors were recruited in an area of Thailand free of liver fluke transmission. Results are presented for the first 6 follow-up months for 170 DMPA and 177 control fluke-positive subjects and for 153 DMPA and 150 control fluke-negative subjects. Small and similar increases occurred in each of the four groups for alanine amino transferase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, and total bilirubin levels while aspartate amino transferase levels changed less in the DMPA groups than in their respective control groups. None of the subjects in either DMPA group had clearly abnormal results in these tests at 6 months. Alkaline phosphatase, cholesterol, and triglycerides levels were markedly lower in each group at 6 months than in the puerperal specimens. There was a greater decrease in triglycerides levels in both DMPA groups than in their respective control groups. However, the decrease in the alkaline phosphatase and cholesterol levels was greater only in the fluke-positive DMPA group than in the fluke-positive control group. None of these biochemical results were related to differences in age, parity, or lactation status between the groups. The results indicate that DMPA did not cause any early deleterious effects in the metabolic factors studied in women with liver fluke infestation.
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PMID:Effects of the injectable contraceptive depot medroxyprogesterone acetate in Thai women with liver fluke infestation: results after six months. 30 57

1. Rate sedimentation and isopycnic centrifugation were used to analyse the subcellular sites of enzymes in homogenates of goldfish intestinal mucosa. 2. The results allowed the following allocations to be made: carnitine acetyl transferase-mitochondrial and peroxisomal, xanthine dehydrogenase and NAD: alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase soluble phase, NADP: isocitrate dehydrogenase soluble phase and mitochondrial, and 2-naphthyl laurate hydrolase microsomal and/or brush border. 3. Histochemistry confirmed the use of alkaline phosphatase and 1-naphthyl acetate esterase as brush border and microsome markers respectively. 4. Urate oxidase, allantoinase, allantoicase, xanthine oxidase and glycollate/lactate oxidase, activities were undetectable, and 1-naphthyl palmitate hydrolase was present only as a contaminant from pancreas.
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PMID:Intestinal peroxisomes of goldfish (Carassius auratus)--examination for hydrolase, dehydrogenase and carnitine acetyltransferase activities. 31 95

The enzyme activities of the isocitrate, glucose-6-phosphate and malate dehydrogenases and of malic enzyme in liver, of lactate dehydrogenase in serum, and of alkaline phosphatase in bone and serum were determined in early-weaned rats given different Mn supplies. The activities of malate dehydrogenase were reduced by 16 and 18% during suboptimum and deficient Mn supply, respectively, the values of alkaline phosphatase in serum and bone were elevated by 29 and 35%, respectively. The enzyme values of the glucose-6-phosphate and lactate dehydrogenases were elevated only during Mn deficiency (by 40 and 65%, respectively), while a suboptimum Mn supply had no noticeable influence on these enzymes. The activities of isocitrate dehydrogenase and of malic enzyme, which were described to be activated by Mn++ in vitro, did not respond in vivo to Mn deficiency.
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PMID:[Activity of different dehydrogenases and alkaline phosphatase in manganese deficiency]. 42 87

A pattern of results is reported which was found to be common among patients who had intrahepatic cholestasis (IHC) which was rarely found in patients with other hepatic conditions. The pattern was recognized from over 1000 cases suspected of hepatobiliary disease. 29 were diagnosed with IHC, and excluding 4, 25 revealed the following etiological pattern: chlorpromazine (12 patients); pregnancy and oral contraceptive use (8); and other (5). As opposed to patients with acute and chronic hepatic disease, IHC sufferers had relatively normal values for immunoglobulins and antibody titers. A disproportionate elevation of serum bilirubin vis-a-vis serum enzymatic activities separated potential IHC cases into intra- and extrahepatic cholestasis. The following factorial evaluations were useful in distinguishing hepatic disease states: 1) when the sum of the activities of serum alkaline phosphatase, 5'-nucleotidase, aspartate and alanine amiotransferases, and isocitrate dehydrogenase was divided by the serum bilirubin concentration, there was good resolution of the distinction between patients with IHC and those with primary biliary cirrhosis, early and late viral hepatitis, cholelithiasis, and pancreatic and bile duct cancers. 2) Resolution was also achieved when the numerator included alkaline phosphatase, 5'-nucleotidase, and aspartate aminotransferase, but not when alkaline phosphatase alone, or alkaline phosphatase combined with 5'-nucleotidase, was used. The essential lesion in IHC is an excretory defect.
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PMID:Biochemical features of intrahepatic cholestasis. 45 73

Mycotoxic porcine nephropathy was induced by p.o. administration of crystalline ochratoxin A for periods of 5 days, 3 months and 2 years. Enzyme activities of the renal tissue were studied histochemically. These were NADH-tetrazolium reductase, NADPH-tetrazolium reductase, lactate dehydrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase, unspecific acid phosphatase and unspecific alkaline phosphatase. The activity of NADH-tetrazolium reductase and succinate dehydrogenase was reduced in the proximal tubule of all nephrons after 5 days ochratoxin A exposure and remained reduced after 3 months and 2 years exposure. The effect of ochratoxin A on these enzymes would appear to cause the impairment of proximal tubular function and the morphological changes observed in the proximal tubule in ochratoxin A-induced mycotoxic porcine nephropathy. The localization of alterations in enzyme activity corresponds to the localization of ochratoxin A previously demonstrated in the kidney. The activities of NADPH-tetrazolium reductase, lactate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and unspecific alkaline phosphatase were reduced focally corresponding to the areas with focal tubular atrophy and the degree of reduction was roughly parallel to the degree of atrophy.
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PMID:Ochratoxin A-induced mycotoxic porcine nephropathy: alterations in enzyme activity in tubular cells. 47 26


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