Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
 47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effects of heparin, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), sodium citrate and sodium fluoride/potassium oxalate on plasma biochemistry results in dogs were studied and compared with serum. Blood specimens from 10 apparently clinical healthy dogs were collected and placed in different tubes containing each anticoagulant tested. Differences in albumin, acetylcholinesterase, ionized calcium and potassium were found between serum and heparinized plasma. Most metabolites and enzymes did not show any variation, but significant decreases in electrolytes, alkaline phosphatase, acetylcholinesterase, bile acids, fructosamine and albumin were found when EDTA was used. Sodium citrate produced a 10-15% decrease in most metabolites and enzymes, possibly due to a sample dilution effect. Sodium fluoride/potassium oxalate produced haemolysis which may have influenced changes in some biochemical parameters.
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PMID:The effects of different anticoagulants on routine canine plasma biochemistry. 1508 Aug 79

Scaffolds were fabricated from poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA)/dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD) composite by indirect casting. Sodium citrate and PLLA were used to improve the mechanical properties of the DCPD scaffolds. The resulting PLLA/DCPD composite scaffold had increased diametral tensile strength and fracture energy when compared to DCPD only scaffolds (1.05 vs. 2.70 MPa and 2.53 vs. 12.67 N-mm, respectively). Sodium citrate alone accelerated the degradation rate by 1.5 times independent of PLLA. Cytocompatibility of all samples were evaluated using proliferation and differentiation parameters of dog-bone marrow stromal cells (dog-BMSCs). The results showed that viable dog-BMSCs attached well on both DCPD and PLLA/DCPD composite surfaces. In both DCPD and PLLA/DCPD conditioned medium, dog-BMSCs proliferated well and expressed alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity indicating cell differentiation. These findings indicate that incorporating both sodium citrate and PLLA could effectively improve mechanical strength and biocompatibility without increasing the degradation time of calcium phosphate cement scaffolds for bone tissue engineering purposes.
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PMID:Fabrication of Poly-l-lactic Acid/Dicalcium Phosphate Dihydrate Composite Scaffolds with High Mechanical Strength-Implications for Bone Tissue Engineering. 2655 80

Calcified cartilage regeneration plays an important role in successful osteochondral repair, since it provides a biological and mechanical transition from the unmineralized cartilage at the articulating surface to the underlying mineralized bone. To biomimic native calcified cartilage in engineered constructs, here we test the hypothesis that hydroxyapatite (HAP) stimulates chondrocytes to secrete the characteristic matrix of calcified cartilage. Sodium citrate (SC) was added as a dispersant of HAP within alginate (ALG), and homogeneous dispersal of HAP within ALG hydrogel was confirmed using sedimentation tests, electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy. To examine the biological performance of ALG/HAP composites, chondrocyte survival and proliferation, extracellular matrix production, and mineralization potential were evaluated in the presence or absence of the HAP phase. Chondrocytes in ALG/HAP constructs survived well and proliferated, but also expressed higher levels of calcified cartilage markers compared to controls, including Collagen type X secretion, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and mineral deposition. Compared to controls, ALG/HAP constructs also showed an elevated level of mineralized matrix in vivo when implanted subcutaneously in mice. The printability of ALG/HAP composite hydrogel precursors was verified by 3D printing of ALG/HAP hydrogel scaffolds with a porous structure. In summary, these results confirm the hypothesis that HAP in ALG hydrogel stimulates chondrocytes to secrete calcified matrix in vitro and in vivo and reveal that ALG/HAP composites have the potential for 3D bioprinting and osteochondral regeneration.
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PMID:Homogeneous hydroxyapatite/alginate composite hydrogel promotes calcified cartilage matrix deposition with potential for three-dimensional bioprinting. 3052 10