Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
 47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

There is no golden standard for the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis (AP). The diagnosis is currently based on clinical presentation, measurement of released pancreatic enzymes and imaging studies. Serum/urinary amylase, lipase and trypsinogen-2 dipstick are the most applicable methods in the clinical practice largely because of their simple, rapid, inexpensive and readily available assay methods. In addition to the clinical picture, inflammatory markers (CRP) or contrast enhanced CT can be used to assess the severity of acute pancreatitis. Multifactorial scoring systems (Ranson's prognostic signs, APACHE II, MOF-score) may be too cumbersome for clinical practice. Patient history, determination of AST, bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase levels as well as imaging studies such as ultrasonography and ERCP can be used to distinguish between biliary and non-biliary origin of the disease.
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PMID:Diagnosis of acute pancreatitis. 982 62

The well-controlled structural motifs of zirconium metal-organic frameworks (Zr-MOFs) and their similarity to enzyme cofactors make them ideally suited for biomimetic catalysis. However, the activation methodologies for these motifs, the structural information about active conformations and the reaction mechanism during these biomimetic reactions, are largely unknown. Herein, we have explored the precise pH-controlled activation processes, active sites, and reaction mechanisms for a series of Zr-MOFs as alkaline phosphatase mimics. Activation of the Zr-MOFs with a broad range and precise changes of pH led to the discovery of the MOF-catalyzed volcano plot with activity versus pH changes. This unique response revealed the existence of the precisely pH-controlled active form of the material, which was confirmed with computational analysis using density functional theory and diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy. These results will open a window for state-of-the-art design of efficient MOF enzyme mimics in aqueous solution.
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PMID:Discovery of precise pH-controlled biomimetic catalysts: defective zirconium metal-organic frameworks as alkaline phosphatase mimics. 3116 39

A hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid is used as a functional monomer to prepare a metal-organic framework (Zn-MOF). Zn-MOF is used as a template for MoS2 nanosheets synthesis and further carbonized to yield light-responsive ZnS/C/MoS2 nanocomposites. Zn-MOF, carbonized-Zn-MOF, and ZnS/C/MoS2 nanocomposites are characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction pattern, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), element mapping, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, fluorescence, and nitrogen-adsorption analysis. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is selected as a model to construct an immunosensing platform to evaluate the photo-electrochemical (PEC) performances of ZnS/C/MoS2 nanocomposites. A sandwich-type PEC immunosensor is fabricated by immobilizing CEA antibody (Ab1 ) onto the ZnS/C/MoS2 /GCE surface, subsequently binding CEA and the alkaline phosphatase-gold nanoparticle labeled CEA antibody (ALP-Au-Ab2 ). The catalytic conversion of vitamin C magnesium phosphate produces ascorbic acid (AA). Upon being illuminated, AA can react with photogenerated holes from ZnS/C/MoS2 nanocomposites to generate a photocurrent for quantitative assay. Under optimized experimental conditions, the PEC immunosensor exhibits excellent analytical characteristics with a linear range from 2.0 pg mL-1 to 10.0 ng mL-1 and a detection limit of 1.30 pg mL-1 (S/N = 3). The outstanding practicability of this PEC immunosensor is demonstrated by accurate assaying of CEA in clinical serum samples.
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PMID:ZnS/C/MoS2 Nanocomposite Derived from Metal-Organic Framework for High-Performance Photo-Electrochemical Immunosensing of Carcinoembryonic Antigen. 3136 Oct 83

Nanomaterial/aptamer assembly has been extensively explored in the detection of various targets, but some limitations still exist in its practical applications, especially time consumption and low-efficient detachment of the aptamer from the nanomaterial surface. In this work, we demonstrated the ligand role of pyrophosphate ion (PPi) in the competitive displacement of ssDNA from the nanoscaffold surface. For this purpose, a fluorescein-labeled ssDNA (F-DNA) and a mixed valence state cerium (Ce3+/Ce4+)-based MOF (MVCM) were employed as the signal response unit and nanoscaffold, respectively. Benefiting from the existence of Ce4+, the MVCM exhibits an ultrahigh quenching efficiency (more than 90%) to F-DNA fluorescence, which is 3-fold higher than that of the MOF with Ce3+ only. However, it was found that PPi can effectively suppress the quenching effect of the MVCM by competitive coordination with the MVCM to displace F-DNA. Different from the conventional target-induced conformational change of aptamers, the PPi-triggered displacement assay is independent of the ssDNA sequence and can be rapidly completed in just 2 min. The displacement assay is also highly sensitive, even at a PPi concentration as low as 55 nM. In contrast to PPi, however, the phosphate ions and other anions cannot displace F-DNA from the MVCM surface to switch on the F-DNA fluorescence. Inspired by this fact, the PPi-triggered displacement assay was further applied in the detection of alkaline phosphatase (ALP). The detection limit toward ALP was obtained at 0.18 mU mL-1. Moreover, the accurate determination of ALP concentration in serum samples indicates the applicability of this sensing system in detecting real samples.
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PMID:Pyrophosphate ion-triggered competitive displacement of ssDNA from a metal-organic framework and its application in fluorescent sensing of alkaline phosphatase. 3225 83

In this study, a simple colorimetric method with a tunable dynamic range for alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay was developed by using a peroxidase-mimicking two-dimensional-metal-organic-framework (2D-MOF). Phosphates including pyrophosphate (PPi), ATP, and ADP inhibited the peroxidase-like activity of the 2D-MOF, while their hydrolytic product, phosphate (Pi), exhibited no such inhibitory ability. Therefore, by integrating with the ALP catalyzed hydrolytic reaction, a colorimetric method was developed for ALP activity quantification. Furthermore, by using different phosphates as inhibitors for the peroxidase-mimicking 2D-MOF, the dynamic range of this colorimetric method could be efficiently modulated. Three linear ranges of 2.5-20 U L-1, 5-60 U L-1, and 50-200 U L-1 could be obtained by using PPi, ATP, and ADP as inhibitors, respectively. Other proteins exhibited negligible interference, demonstrating that the proposed sensing method possessed excellent selectivity for ALP. Moreover, the developed assay was applied to evaluate ALP inhibitors and construct logic gates. This work not only provides a promising method for ALP detection but also represents a major step towards nanozyme bioanalysis.
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PMID:Phosphate-responsive 2D-metal-organic-framework-nanozymes for colorimetric detection of alkaline phosphatase. 3242 86