Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
 47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Long-acting medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) effect on some important parameters of calcium metabolism in patients with glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GCO) was evaluated. Twelve steroid-dependent asthmatic male patients with GCO were administered 200 mg of MPA (Depo-Provera) intramuscularly, and had fasting serum samples obtained at baseline and at weekly intervals for 5 consecutive weeks. Baseline serum samples were also obtained from 12 control healthy male subjects matched for age. The following measurements were made from each serum sample: osteocalcin (OC), skeletal (SAP) and total alkaline phosphatase (TAP), calcitonin (C), insulin-like growth factor I (IGF1), 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D and 25-hydroxyvitamin D. Significantly lower baseline serum levels of OC and C were found in the patients with GCO than in controls (P less than 0.001). Following MPA administration in GCO patients statistically significant and sustained increases in OC, SAP and C were noticed during the next 5 weeks. No significant differences in baseline levels for TAP, IGF1, 1,25(OH)2D and 25(OH)D between GCO patients and controls were found, and no significant changes following MPA administration in GCO patients were obtained for these parameters. In conclusion, when administered to patients with GCO, MPA seems to stimulate the osteoblastic activity as suggested by sustained increases in OC and SAP serum levels, and also enhances the C production by the C-cells of the thyroid.
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PMID:Effects of medroxyprogesterone acetate on some parameters of calcium metabolism in patients with glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. 182 84

Raloxifene, a nonsteroidal selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), increases bone mineral density (BMD), decreases biochemical markers of bone turnover, and prevents incident vertebral fractures in postmenopausal women, while sparing the breast and endometrium from the undesirable stimulation caused by estrogen. How the long-term beneficial effects of raloxifene on bone turnover, as assessed by bone histomorphometry, compare with hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and placebo are not known. We studied 66 healthy postmenopausal women (age 55 to 75 years, mean 63 years) who were randomized to either raloxifene 150 mg/day, HRT (Premarin 0.625 mg/day, and Provera 2.5 mg/day), or placebo for 1 year. All women received 1-1.5 g of calcium/day. Following double tetracycline labeling, transiliac bone biopsies were obtained at baseline and 1 year and analyzed for changes in histologic indexes of bone remodeling on the cancellous surface as well as at the endocortical subdivision of the endosteal envelope, the location of the greatest fraction of postmenopausal bone loss. BMD and biochemical markers of bone turnover were also determined at baseline and 1 year. Four paired biopsies were obtained in the HRT group, six in the raloxifene group, and five in the placebo group. The frequency of remodeling events on cancellous bone and rate of bone formation in both cancellous and endocortical bone increased in the placebo group, while these measurements decreased in both drug treatment groups. Using analysis of mean percentage changes, when compared with the placebo group, these changes were significantly different for both raloxifene and HRT treatment groups (p<0.02). In all subjects, the bone was lamellar with discrete tetracycline labels and there was no evidence of marrow fibrosis or abnormal bone cells. BMD increased from baseline at the lumbar spine (p<0.05 in the HRT group) and in the total body (p<0.05 for both raloxifene and HRT). Compared with that of the raloxifene group, the increase in BMD was greater in the HRT group at the lumbar spine but not in the total body. Serum bone alkaline phosphatase, serum osteocalcin, and urine C-terminal cross-linking telopeptide of type I collagen significantly decreased (p<0.05) in both active treatment groups, changes significantly different from those seen with placebo. Overall, these results support the hypothesis that raloxifene preserves bone mass by reducing the elevated bone turnover found in postmenopausal women receiving placebo, by mechanisms similar to those operative in postmenopausal women receiving HRT.
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PMID:Effects of raloxifene, hormone replacement therapy, and placebo on bone turnover in postmenopausal women. 1461 Jun 42

Depo-medroxy progesterone acetate (DMPA, Depo-Provera) is used in more than 80 countries as a long-acting contraceptive administered as a single intramuscular(i.m) injection of 150 mg/3 months. The present study was set up to investigate the effects of DMPA on 80 average Egyptian women classified into four groups comprising those using the drug for one, two, three and four years, respectively, compared to a control group (N = 20) of married non-hormonally - treated women of similar ages. The drug showed a transient significant elevation of alanine aminotransferase activity (ALT)without an apparent effect on other liver indices, namely total bilirubin (T.Bil) level,aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities. Only the low density/high density lipoproteins cholesterol ratio (LDLC/HDLC) was gradually and non-significantly (ns) increased in comparison to control group, however, neither total cholesterol (TC) nor triglycerides (TG) were affected by the drug. The lipid peroxide product malondialdehyde (MDA) was significantly elevated in an gradual manner with a corresponding decrease in reduced glutathione (GSH), without any change in blood nitric oxide (NO) levels. It can be concluded that DMPA may be considered as a safe contraceptive medication for the studied group of women, but that special care should be exercised for cardiovascular, hepatic and other patients more sensitive to the harmful effects of free radicals. Alternatively, supportive medications are advisable for each exposed case to secure against the possible irreversible adverse effects of the drug by continuous use. In addition, annual re-evaluation is much more advisable despite the proven safety of the drug.
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PMID:Oxidative stress, lipid profile and liver functions in average Egyptian long term depo medroxy progesterone acetate (DMPA) users. 1800 80