Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
 47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To determine whether non-invasive measurement of brain electrical activity can predict ischemic brain damage, we recorded the electroencephalogram (EEG) and somatosensory- (SEP) and auditory- (AEP) evoked potentials before, during, and after trimethaphan-induced profound arterial hypotension in dogs. The authors set out to compare the change in electrical activity with the degree of brain damage, as determined by microscopic examination. Dogs were anesthetized with halothane (1.4 vol % inspired), maintained horizontal (head at the level of the heart), and ventilated mechanically (FIO2 0.50); deviations from normal acid-base status were corrected. Twenty animals received a 1.5-mg/kg intravenous bolus of trimethaphan. Three animals were resistant to the drug. The remaining animals had profound hypotension [mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) at some steady level between 12 and 25 mmHg] for 1 h. Eight of these animals died during or soon after the hypotensive period as a consequence of cardiac arrest (three), intestinal bleeding (three) or unknown causes (two). In all survivors, EEG intensity and the amplitude of the SEP decreased during hypotension; both variables recovered with restoration of MABP. All nine animals surviving hypotension had no apparent neurologic or behavioral deficit nor any histologic evidence of ischemic brain cell injury. We were thus unable to find a MABP threshold for brain with minimal brain injury. Our findings suggest, under the conditions of our experiments, a great margin of tolerance for profound hypotension by the brain in this species. Other organ systems--the heart, gastrointestinal tract, and liver--proved to be more susceptible to ischemic damage. Eight of the nine surviving animals had elevations in serum alanine transaminase (SGPT), aspartate transaminase (SGOT), and alkaline phosphatase. Animals with the greatest increases in these enzymes showed centrilobular hepatocyte degeneration.
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PMID:Profound arterial hypotension in dogs: brain electrical activity and organ integrity. 684 19

Sarcoidosis is a chronic multisystem disorder of unknown cause characterized by the presence of noncaseating epitheloid granulomas and derangement of the normal skin architecture. Though an array of organs may be affected by the disease the most common site of affection is the lung. An extrathoratic manifestation is rare. We describe a 66-year-old patient who was admitted to our hospital because of weight loss and hepatomegaly. A thorough examination revealed the diagnosis of a granulomatous hepatitis characterized by a markedly elevated alkaline phosphatase concentration of 1,490 U/I. A drug-induced hepatitis could be excluded and no evidence was found for the existence of a bacterial or viral infection or an autoimmune disorder. An ERCP revealed a normal common bile duct and normally branching small intrahepatic ducts. The patient was discharged with the diagnosis of a biliary cirrhosis. Half a year later the patient was readmitted to the hospital because of severe intestinal bleeding due to pancytopenia. A bone marrow biopsy showed infiltration of the marrow by granulomas. A histiocytosis X could be ruled out. The diagnosis of an extrathoracic sarcoidosis was assumed and a therapy with prednisone was started. Within six weeks the blood count normalized. After 18 months the serum alkaline phospatase concentration also normalized and no granulomas were found in the bone marrow. The case demonstrates that pancytopenia in sarcoidosis is not due to bone marrow failure.
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PMID:[Granulomatous hepatitis and myelitis: an unusual manifestation of extrapulmonary sarcoidosis]. 1019 Feb 49

A 12 y old girl was admitted 24 days after start a WHO multidrug therapy scheme for multibacillary leprosy (dapsone, clofazimine and rifampicin) with intense jaundice, generalized lymphadenopathy, hepatoesplenomegaly, oral erosions, conjunctivitis, morbiliform rash and edema of face, ankles and hands. The main laboratory data on admission included: hemoglobin, 8.4 g/dL; WBC, 15,710 cells/mm3; platelet count, 100,000 cells/mm3; INR = 1.49; increased serum levels of aspartate and alanine aminotransferases, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, alkaline phosphatase, direct and indirect bilirubin. Following, the clinical conditions had deteriorated, developing exfoliative dermatitis, shock, generalized edema, acute renal and hepatic failure, pancytopenia, intestinal bleeding, pneumonia, urinary tract infection and bacteremia, needing adrenergic drugs, replacement of fluids and blood product components, and antibiotics. Ten days after admission she started to improve, and was discharged to home at day 39th, after start new supervised treatment for leprosy with clofazimine and rifampicin, without adverse effects. This presentation fulfils the criteria for the diagnosis of dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome (fever, generalized lymphadenopathy, exfoliative rash, anemia and liver involvement with mixed hepatocellular and cholestatic features). Physicians, mainly in geographical areas with high prevalence rates of leprosy, should be aware to this severe, and probably not so rare, hypersensitivity reaction to dapsone.
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PMID:Dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome in an adolescent during treatment during of leprosy. 1565 79