Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
 47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Mucosal response of alkaline phosphatase, ATPase and disaccharidase (lactase, maltase and trehalase) activities to sex hormones were studied by comparing male and female rats and castrated males and by injecting testosterone into castrated males. Alkaline phosphatase showed a very steep gradient in the small intestine from the oral to the aboral end, whereas ATPase activity in the ileum was still about 50% of that in the duodenum. Both enzymes showed only minor sex variations and weal response to castration. Lactase and maltase had peak activities in the jejunum, but trehalase activity was nearly equally high in the duodenal mucosa as in the jejunum. Jejunal lactase activity was about 50% lower in female than in male rats and castration decreased activity in males to the same low level as found in females. The administration of testosterone to castrated male rats did not enhance activity. Maltase activity showed similar sex variation, although castration was not able to decrease activity during the test period. Trehalase activity was lower in female than in male rats. The administration of testosterone enhance activity in castrated males.
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PMID:Sex variation in the activities of mucosal hydrolytic enzymes in the small intestine of the rat. 12 35

Outdoor air was drawn by a vacuum system through a 0.8 micron molecular membrane filter and a back-up, refrigerated condensor from 8 A.M. to 5 P.M. daily during the 1982 ragweed-pollen season. Sample sets from each day were collected and stored separately. Condensate was collected in a freezing jacket, thawed, refiltered through a 0.45 micron filter, and lyophilized. Reconstituted condensates evoked wheal-and-flare skin reactions in a ragweed-sensitive individual and produced significant inhibition in an IgG-ELISA system by use of ragweed-pollen protein or ragweed antigen E conjugated to polystyrene microtiter plates, pooled serum of patients on ragweed immunotherapy, and alkaline phosphatase-labeled anti-human IgG. Earlier, in 1983 in this JOURNAL, we reported the presence of airborne ragweed-pollen antigen in aerosol fractions below 5 micron. The present data demonstrate similar in filtrates well below the micronic range. Furthermore, these antigenic properties are substantially associated with atmospheric water vapor-either naturally or as a readily-induced result of the collection procedure. These results suggest that naturally occurring mists, although free of native particulates, may yet carry allergens of clinical significance.
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PMID:Allergen carriage by atmospheric aerosol. II. Ragweed-pollen determinants in submicronic atmospheric fractions. 620 53

Pruritus can be a symptom of a distinct dermatologic condition or of an occult underlying systemic disease. Of the patients referred to a dermatologist for generalized pruritus with no apparent primary cutaneous cause, 14 to 24 percent have a systemic etiology. In the absence of a primary skin lesion, the review of systems should include evaluation for thyroid disorders, lymphoma, kidney and liver diseases, and diabetes mellitus. Findings suggestive of less serious etiologies include younger age, localized symptoms, acute onset, involvement limited to exposed areas, and a clear association with a sick contact or recent travel. Chronic or generalized pruritus, older age, and abnormal physical findings should increase concern for underlying systemic conditions. Initial evaluation for systemic disease includes complete blood count and measurement of thyroid-stimulating hormone, fasting glucose, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin, creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen. Hodgkin lymphoma is the malignant disease most strongly associated with pruritus, which affects up to 30 percent of patients with the disease. Chest radiography is needed when lymphoma is suspected. A wheal and flare response indicates histamine-induced pruritus in patients with urticaria or an allergic dermatitis. These patients benefit from continuous dosing of a long-acting antihistamine. Second-generation antihistamines, such as cetirizine, loratadine, and fexofenadine, may be more effective because of improved patient compliance.
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PMID:A diagnostic approach to pruritus. 2176 70