Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
 47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

During the period 1972-1974 10 patients suffering from pyogenic spondylitis have been treated at the Central Hospital of Middle Finland. Three of the patients had become acutely ill with septic fever and back pain. In the remaining cases the onset of the disease was insidious. Fever, weight loss and fatigue were the general symptoms. Percussion revealed local tenderness at the site of infection in all patients. Two patients showed neurological signs. The ESR was elevated in all cases and alkaline phosphatase was elevated in six patients. Blood culture was positive in those three patients who had become acutely ill. Narrowing of the intervertebral space was observed in all patients. Scanning with Tc99 was performed in nine patients, seven of whom were at an early stage of the disease; a significant uptake was recorded in five of these cases. The average interval between the onset of symptoms and the diagnosis was 3 months, range 1 to 5 months. The treatment consisted of bed rest and antibiotics. All the patients recovered and became symptom-free.
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PMID:Pyogenic spondylitis. 67 1

A 72-year-old male had complained of right back pain and bleeding from his tongue. He was admitted to our department on May 18, 1989. Physical examination revealed hepatosplenomegaly. Peripheral blood findings were as follows: RBC was 3.80 x 10(6)/microliters. Hb 12.2 g/dl, Ht 36.5%, platelet count 735 x 10(3)/microliters, WBC 22,100/microliters, leukoerythroblastosis present. Neutrophil alkaline phosphatase score was normal. Serum vitamin B12 and plasma platelet-derived growth factor level were elevated. Skeletal X-ray revealed multiple punched-out lesions at the 8th thoracic vertebra, and 6th and 8th ribs. Serum IgG level was 3,900 mg/dl. Serum immunoelectrophoresis revealed IgG lambda-type M-protein. Because he complained of severe cervical pain, and skeletal X-ray examination revealed the fracture of 6th cervical vertebra, the operation was performed to remove the lesion. Biopsy of cervical lesion revealed plasmacytoma. M-protein was decreased and the size of the tumor was reduced after treatment with VCAP (vincristine, cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, prednisolone) regimen and interferon-alpha for multiple myeloma.
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PMID:[IgG lambda-type multiple myeloma associated with myelofibrosis accompanied by thrombocytosis]. 194 35

The main objective of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a perfluorochemical emulsion, Fluosol, with short-term high inspired oxygen tension as an adjuvant to radiation therapy in the treatment of high-grade tumors of the brain. Radiation was delivered to the whole brain at 1.8 Gy per daily treatment for 5 weeks to a total dose of 45 Gy. The radiation portals were then reduced in size to encompass the known volume of tumor, as determined by the presurgical contrast-enhancing ring on computed tomography (CT), plus a 3-cm margin. An additional 10 treatments of 2 Gy each were given to the smaller volume, to bring the total tumor dose to 65 Gy in 7 weeks. This report describes the experience of the first 18 patients treated at the University of Kansas Medical Center on this study, whose median follow-up time from the date of surgery is 77 weeks (62-115 w). Immediately following Fluosol administration on a Monday, patients breathed 100% oxygen for at least 45 minutes prior to and throughout their radiation treatment. On each subsequent day of the weeks in which they received Fluosol, patients breathed 100% oxygen. Hematology and blood chemistries were also drawn prior to Fluosol treatment each Friday during treatment and at the 2-week, 3-month, and 6-month follow-up visits. The median age of the patients was 45 years (16-72); 13 patients were male and 15 carried the diagnosis of glioblastoma multiforme (3 had anaplastic astrocytoma). Two thirds of the patients had an initial allergic reaction to the Fluosol consisting of back pain, shortness of breath, and flushing, but all responded to 50-100 mg of Benadryl. During radiation therapy, all patients developed scalp erythema and complete alopecia by the end of 3 weeks, but no patient required a treatment rest. The serum levels of SGOT, SGPT, and alkaline phosphatase were examined before and throughout the Fluosol treatment and, by week 5, 11/18 of the patients had increased values of all three enzymes above the upper range of normal. These increases persisted through the end of treatment, but most values returned to essentially normal by the 3-month follow-up visit. We conclude that Fluosol, given in the manner described above, appears to be associated with minimal significant side effects and no changes could be detected in the white matter of any of the patients at the time of their magnetic resonance imaging study at 6 months follow-up.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:A phase I/II study of the use of Fluosol as an adjuvant to radiation therapy in the treatment of primary high-grade brain tumors. 216 56

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, first described in the late 19th century, is an acquired disorder characterized by hemoglobinemia and hemoglobinuria. The major clinical manifestation of PNH is chronic intravascular hemolysis of various severity. Patients-mostly young adults - may also present with episodes of abdominal or back pain. Common cause of death is thrombosis especially of the hepatic veins. Granulocytopenia and thrombocytopenia may be the initial manifestation of PNH, indicating that the disorder is a primary bone-marrow disease, affecting not only the erythrocytes but also other peripheral blood cells and the haematopoietic stem cell. The course of the disease is variable. Partial complete recovery was described, but also fatal thrombosis. The major phenotypic expression of PNH is an increased susceptibility of the erythrocytes to the lytic action of complement in vitro. The enhanced complement susceptibility is most probably due to membrane defects: two membrane proteins regulating the complement cascade in PNH cells were missing, the decay-accelerating factor, DAF, inhibiting the activation of the lytic complement complex and the C8 binding protein, C8bp, which interferes with the lytic process. Aside from the lack of the complement regulators also other membrane defects have been described (e.g. of acetylcholinesterase or alkaline phosphatase). The proteins as well as DAF and C8bp are linked to the cell membrane via a phosphatidylinositol (PI) anchor, leading to the speculation that the disease results from a deficiency in the post-translational PI anchoring mechanism. The diagnosis of PNH is based on the Hamtest, but will be extended to the quantitation of the above described membrane proteins.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria]. 218 38

Tumor-induced osteomalacia is a clinicopathological entity in which vitamin D-resistant osteomalacia or rickets occurs in association with a tumor. A total of 72 cases (three current, 69 from review of literature) has been reported to date. Men and women are equally affected. The majority are adults over 30 years old who exhibit progressive lower leg and back pain. Forty bone and 31 soft-tissue tumors were responsible for this syndrome; two-thirds occurred in the extremities. Chemical findings are typical: low serum phosphorus, normal serum calcium, and elevated alkaline phosphatase. Serum levels of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D were low or undetectable. Histologically, more than a third were classified as vascular tumors, and half of these cases were hemangiopericytomas that were distributed equally between bone and soft tissues. Other common diagnoses included nonossifying fibromas, "mesenchymal" and giant-cell tumor variants. Features common to all tumors were prominent vascularity, and giant and primitive stromal cells. Only 10 were histologically malignant. Ultrastructural studies have not shown any secretory granules suggestive of a hormone-secreting tumor. It is clear, however, that the tumor is responsible for the osteomalacia because the complete removal generally results in a dramatic reversal of all symptoms and signs.
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PMID:Tumor-induced osteomalacia and rickets. 254 16

Optimum use of fluoride therapy for osteoporosis requires a sensitive and convenient index of the skeletal response to fluoride. Since previous studies had shown that serum alkaline phosphatase activity (SALP) was increased in response to fluoride therapy, we examined serial measurements of SALP in 53 osteoporotics treated with 66 to 110 mg of sodium fluoride (NaF) for 12 to 91 months. SALP was increased in 87% of the subjects during therapy with fluoride. The increase in SALP was thought to reflect the osteogenic action of fluoride based on the findings that SALP correlated with both trabecular bone area (r = .81, P less than .001) and osteoid length (r = .67, P less than .01) in iliac crest biopsies, predicted increased bone density on spinal radiographs in response to fluoride therapy with an 87% accuracy, and predicted decreased back pain in response to fluoride with a 91% accuracy. In addition, the SALP response to fluoride was seen earlier than other therapeutic responses as indicated by the findings that the tau 1/2 for the SALP response (ie, time for 1/2 of the patients to show a significant response) was significantly less (1.2 +/- 0.3 yr) than that for the pain response (1.6 +/- 0.3 yr, P less than .05) or that for the radiographic response (3.7 +/- 0.5 yr, P less than .001). Although most patients responded to fluoride with an increase in SALP, evaluation of the kinetics of the SALP response to fluoride revealed marked interpatient variation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Fluoride therapy for osteoporosis: characterization of the skeletal response by serial measurements of serum alkaline phosphatase activity. 382 2

Two very dissimilar cases of hypophosphatemia in the adult patient are described by the authors. The first case was symptomatic since childhood, with typical clinical and radiologic findings (fissures, diaphyseal bone spurs, bony deformities), whereas the second case was minimally symptomatic (loss of teeth and back pain). Articular chondrocalcinosis was observed in both cases, as was a decrease in alkaline phosphatase and the increased urinary excretion of phosphoethanolamine. Histological examination demonstrated an increase in osteoid. Review of the literature revealed 40 cases of this inborn error of metabolism seen in adulthood, enabling a detailed description of the characteristics of this polymorphic condition.
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PMID:[Hypophosphatasia in adults. Apropos of 2 cases]. 399 53

The cases of a 43 years old-man with gout and a 24 years-old woman with severe back pain who developed dextro-propoxyphene addiction during pain treatment are reported. They had severe edema and fibrosis of skin, subcutaneous tissue and muscle involving the upper and lower limbs. ESR was elevated, CPK and LDH were normal. EMG in proximal muscles showed decreased duration and voltage of potentials, excess of short polyphasics and increased recruitment (BSAP), with positive waves and fibrillations; distal muscles had fasciculations, fibrillations, positive waves, normal voluntary potentials, decreased recruitment. Lymphography indicate delayed progression of contrast media and obstruction in the thighs. Muscle biopsy on fresh-frozen section and histochemistry showed extensive connective tissue proliferation with intense acid and alkaline phosphatase activity in the perimysial and endomysial area, infiltration of lymphocytes near and around small vessels and capillaries. There were perifascicular and type II fiber atrophy. After discharge the patients returned to propoxyphene addiction and the symptoms who subsided during drug withdrawal come back again. New admission, new drug withdrawal and they were discharged free of symptoms and pathologic changes.
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PMID:[Myopathy caused by propoxyphene: report of 2 cases with muscle histochemistry]. 616 47

The patient is a 54-year-old white female who was well until 3 weeks prior to admission when she noted vague right upper quadrant pain exacerbated by meals. She lost 12 lbs over that period of time. She complained as well of posterior scalp, left hip, and back pain on initial presentation. Physical examination at the time of admission to hospital showed a middle-aged female in no acute distress. Her vital signs were normal. There was a 1.5 X 1.5-cm firm, tender nodule over the occiput. There was no peripheral adenopathy. The breasts, lungs, and heart were normal. The liver was 14 cm in span. The remainder of the physical examination including a pelvic examination was unremarkable. On admission, the only abnormal laboratory studies were SGOT 106, SGPT 139, and alkaline phosphatase 190. Her chest X ray, flat plate of the abdomen, and mammograms were all normal.
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PMID:Metastatic carcinoma with an unknown primary. 670 May 42

Juvenile osteoporosis is a disease of childhood and adolescence exhibiting marked clinical variability in bone change. The disease usually begins in the prepubertal period or even younger. A case of a Chinese boy suffering from back pain and generalized osteoporosis since 9 yr of age who spontaneously recovered at 14 yr of age when entering puberty is reported. The affected patient was clinically normal (as shown by X rays), until he fractured his left humerus. Metabolic studies indicated a negative calcium balance, but serum calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, parathyroid hormone, calcifediol, calcitriol, cortisol and sex hormones were normal. X ray showed typical generalized osteoporosis with vertebral collapse. The disease markedly improved within 5 yr. No family history of inherited skeletal disorders or presenile osteoporosis was noted. The diagnosis of idiopathic juvenile osteoporosis was made.
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PMID:Idiopathic juvenile osteoporosis: five-year case follow-up. 761 64


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