Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
 47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The clinical course of 40 patients with histologically proven hepatocellular carcinoma was reviewed. The majority had symptoms and signs suggesting abdominal malignancy; these included abdominal pain, weight loss, tenderness in the right upper quadrant, hepatomegaly, and fever. The most useful diagnostic tests were determination of serum alkaline phosphatase level, sodium sulfobromophthalein (Bromsulphalein) excretion, and liver scan. Prothrombin time and bilirubin levels were normal or only slightly elevated. Celiac angiography was helpful in determining the extent of the disease. Surgical exploration was done in 25% of the cases, but in only 5% was resection attempted. The grim prognosis is indicated by the fact that only 10% of patients were alive six months after admission to the hospital.
 ...
PMID:Hepatocellular carcinoma: a clinical study. 17 24

For the evaluation of certain differences in the diminution of export proteins of the liver we examined some exactly defined groups of liver diseases with the aim of further differentiation of the pathogenetic mechanisms. We measured the activity of glutamate-oxalacetate transaminase, glutamate-pyruvate transaminase, glutamate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, cholinesterase and lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase, the Quick value, the coagulation factors I, II, V, VII, VIII, IX and X. Clotting factors were determined by a Schnitger-Gross Coagulometer. Prothrombin, antithrombin III, plasminogen, factor VIII associated antigen and activated factor XIII were measured by immunoelectrophoresis according to Laurell. Lipoprotein electrophoresis in agarose gel was performed to evaluate changes in lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase activity. Except of the rising diminution of export proteins in the course of liver disease from acute hepatitis to cirrhosis we found also specific changes of the patterns of the plasma specific enzymes. These proteins were diminished dependent on their half life time and the inflammatory activity--measured as the height of the transaminases. Lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase and factor VIII did not participate in the general diminution of the most export proteins; some details were found to explain this differing behaviour. Results are critically discussed with regard to new aspects in the biochemistry of the damaged liver cell.
 ...
PMID:[Correlations between the diminished secretion of export proteins from the liver and the plasmatic activity of liver cell enzymes (author's transl)]. 42 91

Recent reports of and our own experience with biochemical alterations of liver function secondary to salicylate therapy stimulated this prospective study. Thirty-four children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, 6 children with acute cartilagenous necrosis of the hipfollowing slipped capital femoral epiphysis, and 2 children with ulcerative colitis and hip disease who were on salicylates were followed over a period of 1-27 months with serial determinations of serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (AP), bilirubin, and serum salicylate. Prothrombin time was measured in 14 children. Twenty-two of 34 children with rheumatoid arthritis and none of the 8 controls demonstrated abnormalities of various liver functions at serum salicylate levels between 7.0 and mg%. Three children demonstrated severe abnormalities characterized by marked elevation of SGOT, SGPT, LDH, and AP, prolongation of prothrombin time, and epistaxis. This type of reaction occurred within 5-14 days of initiation of aspirin therapy and occurred at serum salicylate levels between 18 and 43 mg%. Moderate changes in various liver function tests were observed in 19 other children. None of those children who were tested showed prolongation of prothrombin time. The serum salicylate level in this group varied between 7.0 and 38.2 mg%. The abnormal liver function tests returned to normal in 6 children upon withdrawal of aspirin and in 12 others even when salicylates were continued. Therefore, despite the occurrence of biochemical abnormalities following chronic salicylate therapy, it does not appear to be necessary to discontinue their use except in those children who develop bleeding.
 ...
PMID:Aspirin-induced hepatotoxicity in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. A prospective study. 115 54

A 52-week oral repeated dose toxicity study of suplatast tosilate (IPD-1151T), a newly developed anti-allergic agent, was carried out in beagles by oral administration of 30, 90, 270 and 810 mg/kg/day for 52 weeks. The recovery study was carried out by the withdrawal for 5 weeks using control and the 810 mg/kg groups. The results are as follows: 1. Observation of general conditions revealed soft feces, mucous feces, and diarrhea in both sexes of the 270 and 810 mg/kg groups during the administration period, and these findings disappeared during the withdrawal period. One female of the 810 mg/kg group exhibited tremors in the legs and neck, staggering, a decrease of spontaneous motor activity, and clonic convulsions in Week 17 of administration and died on Day 118. One male of the same group exhibited whole body tremors and staggering from Week 32 to Week 52. 2. Body weight gain tended to be inhibited in males of the 810 mg/kg group during the administration period. The body weight of the female that died decreased rapidly after the appearance of neurological symptoms. The body weight of the male that exhibited neurological symptoms decreased after their appearance but later increased. 3. There were no abnormal changes in food consumption in all of the sacrificed dogs. The female that died did not eat at all after the appearance of neurological symptoms. The male that exhibited neurological symptoms did not eat at all for 1 week after their appearance, but the food consumption returned to normal thereafter. 4. Prothrombin times were prolonged in males of the 270 and 810 mg/kg groups at Week 26, and activated partial thromboplastin times were prolonged in males of the 810 mg/kg group at Week 52. 5. Plasma levels of alkaline phosphatase, GPT and LDH were elevated in some males and females of the 810 mg/kg groups. 6. No abnormalities due to IPD-1151T administration were found in urinalysis, opthalmological examination, electrocardiography, and fecal occult blood examination, or organ weights. 7. Autopsies including histopathological and electron microscopic examinations on the sacrificed dogs revealed no abnormalities. Subserosal hemorrhage in the base of the heart, congestion in the lungs, congestion and vacuolation in the liver and slight cell infiltration around vessels of the brain were found in the female that died.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[A fifty two-week oral repeated dose toxicity study of suplatast tosilate (IPD-1151T) in dogs]. 132 Dec 56

We studied the effect of ursodeoxycholic acid on 18 women and 2 men with primary biliary cirrhosis, mainly stages I and II. After a 3-mo observation period, patients were randomized to a 9-mo treatment period with ursodeoxycholic acid, 10 mg/kg.day, or placebo. Two patients on placebo left the study. In all patients on ursodeoxycholic acid, mean values of serum glutamate dehydrogenase, aspartate and alanine aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatase, and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase fell significantly by 48%-79% after 18-24 wk; 7 of 10 showed a mean decrease of 35% in immunoglobulin M after 24 wk. Prothrombin time, serum bilirubin, albumin, the antipyrin breath test, and plasma disappearance of indocyanine green were normal initially and did not change. Total serum bile acid concentrations increased; ursodeoxycholic acid became the predominant bile acid. No significant improvement occurred in the placebo group. Hepatic histology improved in 6 patients of the ursodeoxycholic acid group but deteriorated in 4 patients receiving placebo. In studies with erythrocyte membranes, changes in electron spin resonance revealed that ursodeoxycholic acid was less toxic than chenodeoxycholic or deoxycholic acid, and coaddition of ursodeoxycholic acid prevented their toxic effect.
 ...
PMID:Ursodeoxycholic acid in primary biliary cirrhosis: results of a controlled double-blind trial. 255 65

Case records of 177 patients admitted with Hodgkin's disease were reviewed to assess the frequency and significance of coagulation abnormalities. Prolongation of the prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, or thrombin time occurred in 56 patients, 32 percent of all evaluable cases. The most frequent clotting abnormalities involved the prothrombin time, which was increased in 43 patients (24 percent). Prothrombin time prolongation correlated with bulky or advanced disease as defined by stage (p = 0.001), constitutional symptoms (p less than 0.0001), massive mediastinal involvement (p = 0.02), and elevated alkaline phosphatase levels (p less than 0.0001). Abnormal coagulation test results followed the course of disease, normalizing with tumor regression and reappearing during relapse. Despite the surprising incidence of abnormal coagulation results, bleeding complications were reported in only two cases. Patients undergoing invasive procedures in the presence of clotting abnormalities fared no worse than those in whom procedures were cancelled. There is no evidence that complete staging evaluation should be comprised because of these abnormal test values. Extensive hematologic testing revealed no single mechanism to explain the coagulation factor disorders found in Hodgkin's disease.
 ...
PMID:Abnormal coagulation results in patients with Hodgkin's disease. 316 Feb 35

A multivariate Cox regression analysis with time-dependent variables has been performed on the data of 415 patients with cirrhosis included in a controlled clinical trial of 10-15 mg prednisone daily versus placebo. The analysis showed that a poor prognosis was associated with a low prothrombin index, marked ascites, GI bleeding, high age, high daily alcohol consumption, high bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase and low albumin values, little liver connective tissue inflammation, and poor nutritional status. Prothrombin index and ascites showed significant interaction with the treatment in such a manner that high prothrombin index and absence of ascites were associated with a beneficial effect of prednisone, whereas low prothrombin index and presence of ascites were associated with a harmful effect of prednisone treatment. The final model was validated in independent patients by comparing their actual survival with that predicted from the model, using a split-sample testing technique. The prognostic factors were combined with an index that can be used to update prognosis whenever changes occur in the clinical status of a patient during the course of the disease. The probability of surviving the next 3 or 6 months can be estimated from the prognostic index at any time during the course. The index may be of value for the correct timing of special therapeutic procedures such as liver transplantation.
 ...
PMID:Updating prognosis and therapeutic effect evaluation in cirrhosis with Cox's multiple regression model for time-dependent variables. 352 Jul 95

Liver damage in a woman who had taken an overdose of paracetamol and dextropropoxyphene was assessed by monitoring serum prealbumin concentrations and by routine plasma enzyme determinations. The plasma aspartate aminotransferase returned to normal levels after 3 days, alkaline phosphatase was slow to show increases in activity, and serum albumin concentration was in the normal range throughout. Prothrombin-time, although initially very high, returned almost to normal as a result of the administration of plasma. In contrast, serum prealbumin concentration decreased significantly after 36 h and continued to decrease, showing the course of failing liver function, until the patient's death 15 days after presentation. Prealbumin, a functional plasma protein synthesised in the liver, has a short half-life, is a true index of liver function, and seems to be a more reliable indicator of liver function in drug overdose than plasma enzymes, prothrombin-time, or plasma drug concentration.
 ...
PMID:Prealbumin as an index of liver function after acute paracetamol poisoning. 610 95

Male New Zealand White rabbits were orally given 0.05 mg of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)/kg of body weight daily for 10 days and were treated with glutathione-precursors and depletor, antibacterial agents, or sodium thiosulfate. The drug administered, the mortality, and the mean survival time were as follows: corn-oil controls (0), euthanatized at 25 days; AFB1-controls (2), 21 days; AFB1 and saline controls (2), 22 days; cysteine and AFB1 (5), 13 days; methionine and AFB1 (5), 12 days; sodium thiosulfate and AFB1 (2), 21 days; sulfadimethoxine and AFB1 (1), 24 days; oxytetracycline and AFB1 (0), euthanatized at 25 days; and ethyl maleate and AFB1 (3), 21 days. Clinical signs of toxicosis included decreased feed consumption during AFB1 administration, loss of body weight or failure to gain, and death. Clinicopathologic changes included increases in serum bilirubin concentration and alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities. Prothrombin and activated partial thromboplastin times were lengthened. Plasma fibrinogen concentration was decreased. Changes in PCV, hemoglobin concentration, and serum alkaline phosphatase were unremarkable. Oxytetracycline had protective effects against chronic aflatoxicosis in rabbits. Cysteine and methionine enhanced chronic aflatoxicosis.
 ...
PMID:Effects of various treatments on induced chronic aflatoxicosis in rabbits. 680 40

A general anaesthetic drug that fulfils requirements for use under difficult circumstances is the inhalation agent halothane-diethyl-ether (HE) azeotrope. Although both halothane and diethyl ether have been described in detail, their effect on the liver when given together as an azeotrope has not been systematically characterised. The effect on liver function was evaluated and compared with the effects of halothane anaesthesia (H) and spinal anaesthesia with tetracaine (S), the last named serving as controls. The series consisted of 33 healthy men (ASA 1-2) receiving no medication and scheduled for inguinal hernia repair. The patients were randomly allocated to receive HE, H or S. The following parameters were estimated the day before surgery and on the first postoperative day: liver cell metabolism (bile acids, unconjugated bilirubin), cell integrity (aminotransferases), synthesizing capacity (Prothrombin complex), cholestasis (conjugated bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase), and global liver function (chenodeoxycholic load test). No major differences emerged between the groups. Unconjugated bilirubin was increased in all groups. Prothrombin complex activity was reduced in all groups. Conjugated bilirubin was increased in the H group. The oral bile acid load test and the fasting bile acid were unaltered by anaesthesia in all groups. No major impact on liver cell function was seen in the early post-operative period after HE azeotrope anaesthesia. The findings support our view that HE azeotrope could be considered as an alternative anaesthetic agent under field conditions.
 ...
PMID:Liver function and halothane-diethyl-ether azeotrope anaesthesia. Re-evaluation of an obsolete drug with special reference to early postoperative effects. 772 82


1 2 Next >>