Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
 47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The activity and isoenzyme profile of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline and acid phosphatase were studied in tumors of the tongue, cheek, oral floor, soft palate and palatine tonsils (n = 100), leukoplakia (n = 7) and in the oral mucosa at corresponding sites in healthy subjects (n = 66), to develop tests for early detection, monitoring and prognosis of oral cancer. Levels of alpha-amylase and acid phosphatase were measured in saliva and blood serum of patients with oral cancer and healthy subjects. The activity of LDH and alkaline and acid phosphatase in oral malignancies were 1.5-6 times that in normal mucosa, depending on tumor site. Changes in LDH isoenzyme profile consisted in an increased level of M-subunits (LDH-4 and 5) and a decreased concentration of N-subunits (LDH-1 and 2). With regards to acid phosphatase, an increase in the activity of its tartrate-inhibited fraction was observed. An increase in LDH and alkaline phosphatase activity was registered for oral precancer (leukoplakia), too, although it was less pronounced than in cancer. Changes in LDH isoenzyme profile matched those in cancer patients. A significant increase in the activity of alpha-amylase, acid phosphatase and the latter's tartrate-inhibited fraction was registered in saliva of oral cancer patients (86-96%). The credibility of enzyme activity measurement in saliva for evaluation of response and prognosis is discussed.
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PMID:[Enzyme and isoenzyme activity in patients with malignant tumors of the oral mucosa]. 130 Jul 20

A novel export-affinity fusion vector employing the gene encoding cyclomaltodextrin glucanotransferase (CGTase; cgt) from Bacillus circulans var. alkalophilus (ATCC 21783) is described. CGTase binds to various sugar polymers, which makes it simple to purify it to near homogeneity in a single step. The CGTase fusion protein vector was constructed by deleting the translational stop codons from the gene encoding CGTase (cgt) by in vitro mutagenesis. As models, genes encoding Escherichia coli alkaline phosphatase (APase; phoA) and Bacillus stearothermophilus (ATCC 12980) alpha-amylase (BStA; amy) were fused to cgt. Overexpression of wild type CGTase and the hybrid proteins under the control of the lac promoter caused a 'leaky phenotype' in E. coli, the outer membrane became permeable, which enabled the adsorption of the fusion proteins directly from the culture medium onto alpha-cyclodextrin (alpha-CD) coupled agarose. The hybrid proteins were eluted from the column with alpha-CD solution under mild conditions at pH 7.5. The CGTase-APase' fusion had a good in vivo stability, whereas the CGTase-BStA' was less stable. In the latter case, according to protein sequencing, the proteolytically sensitive site was on the BStA' side of the fusion. The C-terminus of CGTase was stable against proteolysis as shown by narrow pH range isoelectric focusing. The fused enzymes retained their biological activities.
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PMID:Construction of an Escherichia coli export-affinity vector for expression and purification of foreign proteins by fusion to cyclomaltodextrin glucanotransferase. 136 71

We assessed the analytical performance of the Axon system (Bayer Diagnostici), according to the European Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards guidelines, for assay of 12 analytes: cholesterol, creatinine, glucose, total protein, urea, uric acid, alkaline phosphatase, alpha-amylase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatine kinase, sodium, and potassium. The field evaluation lasted approximately 5 months and involved the collection of approximately 10,000 data points with the Axon. The following results were obtained: The highest CVs for controls and human sera at different concentration/activity values were 2.2% for within-run imprecision (n = 60; 3 days, pooled estimate) and 3.5% for the between-day imprecision (n = 20 days). Close correlation was found with results for patients' specimens assayed with comparative instruments (Hitachi 717 for substrates and enzymes, Beckman Synchron EL/E4A for electrolytes). No drift was observed during 8 h of operation. The linearity range was broad, sometimes exceeding the manufacturer's claims. No sample-, reagent-, or cuvette-related carryover was found. Measurement of control sera gave results within +/- 5% of the assigned values. We conclude that good reliability and practicability make the Axon system suitable for laboratories with various needs.
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PMID:Axon clinical chemistry analyzer evaluated according to ECCLS protocol. 139 98

The ability of the Bacillus subtilis secretion machinery to interact with a heterologous signal peptide was studied using a plant (wheat alpha-amylase) signal peptide. The plant signal peptide was capable of mediating secretion of Escherichia coli alkaline phosphatase and B. amyloliquefaciens levansucrase from B. subtilis. This secretion was dependent on the plant signal peptide, as deletion of five amino acids from the hydrophobic core resulted in a block of secretion. Attempts to improve the efficiency of the plant signal peptide in B. subtilis were made by increasing the length of the hydrophobic core from 10 to 16 residues by insertion of 2, 4, 5 or 6 amino acids. None of the alterations improved the secretion efficiency relative to the wild-type plant signal peptide.
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PMID:Characterization of the secretion efficiency of a plant signal peptide in Bacillus subtilis. 146 6

We have cloned a 2.5-kilobase fragment of the Bacillus subtilis genomic DNA which caused the reduction of extracellular and cell-associated protease levels when present in high copy number. This fragment, in multicopy, was also responsible for reduced levels of alpha-amylase, levansucrase, alkaline phosphatase, and sporulation inhibition. The gene relevant to this pleiotropic phenotype is referred to as pai. By DNA sequencing, two open reading frames--ORF1 and ORF2, encoding polypeptides of 172 and 207 amino acid residues, respectively--were found. These open reading frames seemed to form an operon. Deletion analysis revealed that an entire region for ORF1 and ORF2 was necessary for the pai phenotype. In addition, it was observed that the presence of the pai gene, in multicopy, caused overproduction of two proteins (molecular masses, 21 and 24 kilodaltons [kDa]). Analyses of the N-terminal amino acid sequences of these two proteins suggested that they were products of ORF1 and ORF2. Disruption of the pai gene at ORF1 in the genomic DNA resulted in the release of repression on protease synthesis and sporulation in glucose-enriched (2%) medium. The mutant carrying insertional disruption at ORF2 could not be constructed, suggesting that the ORF2 product, the 24-kDa protein, is essential for growth. The 21-kDa protein contains a helix-turn-helix domain observed in other DNA-binding proteins. Chromosomal mapping of pai indicated that this gene is located close to thr-5. These results suggest that the pai gene is a novel transcriptional-regulation gene involved in glucose repression.
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PMID:A novel Bacillus subtilis gene involved in negative control of sporulation and degradative-enzyme production. 210 24

The effect of norethisterone enanthate (NET-EN) on cervical mucus protein, sialic acid and some enzymes (e.g. peroxidase, alkaline phosphatase and alpha-amylase) were studied in adult female rats. One mg NET-EN every 12 days was found to be an effective contraceptive dose of this drug in this species, acting primarily through the cervical mucus. NET-EN produced a highly significant increase in protein content and peroxidase and alkaline phosphatase activities. However, sialic acid content and amylase activity did not exhibit any definite pattern after NET-EN therapy. The increased protein content together with persistent elevated levels of peroxidase and alkaline phosphatase corroborates the hypothesis that NET-EN creates a progestogenic phase which prevents sperm penetration and thus conception.
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PMID:Alterations in protein, sialic acid and some enzymes in cervical mucus of female rats during NET-EN treatment. 244 83

The following 10 enzymes were assayed in 187 amniotic fluid and maternal serum samples at 15-42 weeks of gestation: alkaline phosphatase, heat-stable alkaline phosphatase (only in amniotic fluid), acid phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alpha-amylase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, and lysozyme. The normal reference ranges are reported for amniotic fluid and maternal serum enzymes, together with the abnormal values accompanying neural tube defects and EPH-gestosis. The determination of gamma-glutamyltransferase, heat-stable alkaline phosphatase and creatine kinase was found to be of appreciable diagnostic significance in clinical practice.
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PMID:Variation in some enzymes in amniotic fluid and maternal serum during pregnancy. 256 24

The purpose of the study was assessment of the effect of an environment contaminated with heavy metals on the activity of certain enzymes of mixed saliva. The activity was determined of total acid phosphatase and phosphatase resistant to tartrate and formaldehyde, alkaline phosphatase, alanine and aspartate aminotransferase, and alpha-amylase. The studied material comprised 110 saliva samples obtained from three groups of children aged 8 years. Group I of 21 children lived in Szopienice, group II of 30 children lived in Miasteczko Slaskie. In both these localities the children were exposed to mean daily concentrations, above the permitted ones, mainly of lead compounds, in lower degree to cadmium and zinc compounds. Environment contamination in Szopienice was greater than in Miasteczko Slaskie. Group III of 59 children living in Lubowice served as controls. In that town the permissible concentrations of these compounds were not exceeded. Statistical analysis of these results showed that the activity of total acid phosphatase in groups I and II, that is in the contaminated areas, was highly significantly greater than in the control group. The activity of alkaline phosphatase was raised only in the saliva in group I. No differences were found in the activity of alpha-amylase and aminotransferases.
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PMID:[Activity of certain salivary enzymes in school children exposed to excessive concentrations of lead and cadmium]. 264 Jun 43

Twenty-five samples obtained by amniocentesis were studied in 25 pregnant women between 35 and 40 weeks of pregnancy with hypertension. The following biochemical investigations were done in the samples: total protein, beta-lipoproteins, cholesterol, uric acid, urea, creatinine, AlAT and AspAT, total alkaline phosphatase and its thermostable isoenzyme, ceruloplasmin and alpha-amylase. The results were analysed in relation to the development of the respiratory distress syndrome in the newborn and were subjected to statistical analysis. In the amniotic fluid of hypertensive mothers in whose children the respiratory distress syndrome developed, reduction was found in the concentrations of beta-lipoproteins and cholesterol. This may have a prognostic significance in the prediction of respiratory distress in early neonatal period.
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PMID:[Respiratory distress in newborns born to hypertensive mothers and protein, lipid and renal maturity indices and enzymatic activity in the amniotic fluid]. 270 91

The serum from rats infected intraperitoneally (i.p.) and subcutaneously (s.c.) with the tetrathyridia of Mesocestoides corti was analysed for alpha-amylase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, glucose, corticosterone and total proteins. A histochemical analysis for hepatic alkaline phosphatase was also carried out. A significant decrease in activity of serum alkaline phosphatase was detected in both the i.p. and s.c. infections, whereas a large increase in hepatic alkaline phosphatase was observed in i.p. infections. A significant increase in serum corticosterone was found in both the i.p. and s.c. infections. No changes were detected in the other four components. The relevance of these findings is discussed with respect to the host-parasite relationship.
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PMID:Analysis of six serum components from rats infected with tetrathyridia of Mesocestoides corti. 286 94


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