Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
 47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Forty-five patients suffering from a major depression were administered zimeldine, amitriptyline or placebo (15 patients in each group) in a double-blind controlled study. In the zimeldine group, seven of the 14 patients treated for more than one week presented a toxic syndrome consisting in a severe prostration, fever, myalgias and arthralgias. In all patients presenting this syndrome, laboratory analyses revealed an elevation of alkaline phosphatase and of aspartate and alanine aminotransferases and a decrease in white blood cell and platelet counts. Three patients presented a mild proteinuria and hematuria. Although an immunological mechanism cannot be ruled out, several characteristics of this reaction suggest the formation of a metabolite of zimeldine with direct cellular toxicity. The relatively high starting dose of 200 mg/day of zimeldine administered in the present study and the increment to 300 mg/day after only seven days might have contributed to the high incidence of toxic reactions observed.
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PMID:High incidence of multisystemic reactions to zimeldine. 315 76

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is complicated by severe bone loss, cognitive function deficits, and a high prevalence of major depression. We hypothesized that bone formation would increase and depressive symptoms and spatial cognition would improve with short-term physiological testosterone administration. We randomized 33 women with AN and relative testosterone deficiency to transdermal testosterone (Intrinsa, Procter and Gamble Pharmaceuticals, Cincinnati, OH), 150 mug, 300 mug, or placebo, for 3 wk. At baseline, free testosterone correlated with L4 bone density (r = 0.51, P < 0.001), body mass index (r = 0.39, P = 0.02), depressive symptoms (r = -0.44, P = 0.02), and spatial cognition (r = 0.45, P = 0.04). C-terminal propeptide of type 1 collagen levels were higher during testosterone administration than placebo (P = 0.03). The change in propeptide of type 1 collagen correlated with change in free testosterone over 3 wk (r = 0.50, P = 0.02). Osteocalcin and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase did not change. Depressed patients receiving testosterone improved from severely depressed to moderately depressed; the placebo group was unchanged (P = 0.02). Spatial cognition improved in the testosterone group, compared with placebo (P = 0.0015). Therefore, short-term low-dose testosterone may improve depressive symptoms and spatial cognition in women with AN. Low-dose testosterone may also prevent decreased bone formation in AN, but because testosterone did not affect all markers of bone formation studied, further data are needed.
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PMID:Testosterone administration in women with anorexia nervosa. 1561 21

A 20-year-old vegetarian man was admitted to our hospital complaining of muscle weakness and gait disturbances of 4 years duration. For the past 5 years, he had major depression and had confined himself at home. He exhibited tenderness upon palpation of the chest, sternum and proximal muscles. Hypocalcemia, hypophosphatemia, vitamin D deficiency, increased levels of alkaline phosphatase, and intact parathyroid hormone were noted. An x-ray skeletal survey revealed generalized osteopenia, multiple vertebral and costal fractures, and a pelvis deformed into the shape of a triangle. A diagnosis of osteomalacia secondary to vitamin D deficiency from lack of exposure to sunlight and to inadequacy of the diet was made. The patient was started on a treatment with 20,000 IU of vitamin D3 once a week plus 1 g/d of calcium. Eight months later, gait disturbances have significantly improved and laboratory findings have all normalized.
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PMID:Diffuse muscoskeletal pain and proximal myopathy: do not forget hypovitaminosis D. 2005 55

The objective of this study was to examine the safety and tolerability of duloxetine hydrochloride, a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, in a large cohort of elderly patients with major depressive disorder. Data were pooled from 8-week and 12-week, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trials of duloxetine 60 mg/day (duloxetine=456; placebo=225). Discontinuation rates because of adverse events, treatment-emergent adverse events, abnormal changes in vital signs and weight, and changes in laboratory analytes were compared between treatments using a Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test. Changes in laboratory analytes were analyzed using an analysis of variance model. Adverse event-related discontinuation rates were not significantly different between duloxetine and placebo (10.7 vs. 7.1%; P=0.13). Treatment-emergent adverse events for duloxetine of at least 5% and twice the rate of placebo were dry mouth, constipation, nausea, diarrhea, dizziness, and fatigue. Abnormal changes in vital signs and weight were not significantly different at any time between duloxetine and placebo. The mean changes in platelet count, alkaline phosphatase, potassium, random glucose, uric acid, and cholesterol were significantly different between duloxetine and placebo (P<0.05), but none of these differences were considered clinically relevant. The incidence of abnormal low sodium levels was not significantly different between treatments. These safety results may better inform clinicians providing individualized care to elderly patients with major depressive disorder.
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PMID:Safety and tolerability of duloxetine in elderly patients with major depressive disorder: a pooled analysis of two placebo-controlled studies. 2313 80

Skeletal fluorosis is a metabolic bone disease caused by accumulation of fluoride and is generally associated with chronic exposure to fluoride-contaminated groundwater, a phenomenon endemic to developing countries. Whereas elevated water fluoride concentrations do not constitute a public health issue in the United States, emergence of skeletal fluorosis as a sequela of chronic recreational exposures has been described. In this case report, our 33-year-old male patient with a history of major depressive disorder and substance abuse was hospitalized for hyperkalemia and acute kidney injury discovered on routine bloodwork due to concomitant nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) and antihypertensive use. Upon hospital admission, he was found to be anemic with a significantly elevated alkaline phosphatase. Given a history of low back pain in the setting of these laboratory abnormalities, lower spine and pelvic imaging revealed diffusely increased bone density and sclerosis. Hematologic evaluation ensued to include a peripheral smear and bone marrow biopsy. Given the patient's history of computer cleaner inhalant abuse, serum and urinary fluoride levels were obtained. Serum fluoride returned within normal limits though urinary fluoride was increased. Bone marrow histopathology revealed prominent diffuse sclerosis which in conjunction with urinary fluoride levels and computer cleaner inhalant abuse history supported the diagnosis of skeletal fluorosis. Skeletal fluorosis in the United States is rare and presents with non-specific findings requiring a high index of suspicion based on a detailed patient history for expedient diagnosis.
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PMID:Skeletal Fluorosis: An Unusual Manifestation of Computer Cleaner Inhalant Abuse. 3264 69