Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
 47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A drug schedule has been devised based on a strategy of G2 blockade followed by prolonged infusion of tubulin-binding agents. The regimen consists of doxorubicin 32 mg/m2 i.v. and cyclophosphamide 320 mg/m2 i.v. on day 1 followed by vinblastine (0.3 to 1.2 mg/m2/day), cisplatin (3 to 12 mg/m2/day), and vincristine (0.04 to 0.16 mg/m2/day) by continuous intravenous infusion on days 5 to 12. Courses are repeated every 28 days. Eighteen patients with advanced solid tumors received 37 courses of chemotherapy in a pilot study to determine safe drug concentrations for the three-drug infusion for 7 days. Dose limiting toxicity was myelosuppression. Patients who received prior mitomycin-C experienced more profound thrombocytopenia than those who did not. Nonhematologic toxicities included mild nausea, vomiting, and transient elevations of serum alkaline phosphatase and serum creatinine. One patient with squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus who erroneously received vincristine 0.8 mg/m2 instead of 0.08 mg/m2 for 4 1/2 days developed transient myalgia, ileus, and a transient peripheral neuropathy; the patient achieved a sustained complete remission for 15 months and died of unrelated causes. Minor responses and stable disease were seen in two patients with renal cell carcinoma (1 and 2.5 months), three patients with colorectal carcinoma (1.5, 2, and 4 months), and one patient with squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue (2 months). The ViVACCy drug regimen can be given without undue toxicity and may be active in solid tumors.
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PMID:ViVACCy--a drug schedule based on G2 blockade and prolonged infusion of multiple tubulin-binding agents. A pilot study. 219 39

A prenatal diagnosis was performed in 51 pregnancies with a 1-in-4 risk of having a child with cystic fibrosis. The criteria for determining an affected fetus were based on the results of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) residual activity after inhibition by phenylalanine and by homoarginine, of total ALP activity, and of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGTP) activity in the amniotic fluid taken between 16 and 19 weeks of pregnancy. The chromosomal analysis of amniotic fluid cells showed trisomy 13 in one case which was excluded from the analysis of biochemical assays. The biochemical assays were in the normal ranges in the amniotic fluid of 35 pregnancies: 26 have reached term and a normal infant has been born, 9 are still in progress. A deficiency of the ALP phenylalanine-inhibitable form, depressed values of total ALP and GGTP were observed in the amniotic fluid of 15 pregnancies: one pregnancy went to term and the infant had CF, in 14 cases the pregnancy was terminated, and meconium ileus was observed in ten of these cases. It was observed that the changes towards abnormal values became more significant with advancing gestational age and that 18 weeks appeared to be the optimum time for diagnostic amniocentesis.
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PMID:Prenatal diagnosis of cystic fibrosis. I. Prospective study of 51 pregnancies. 258 Dec 42

The prenatal diagnosis of cystic fibrosis is based on microvillar enzymes values in amniotic fluid taken by amniocentesis at precisely the 17-18 weeks gestation age (15-16 weeks developmental age). In pregnancies with a cystic fibrosis affected fetus the values of the enzymes are depressed. Since microvillar enzymes are normal constituents of amniotic fluid, it is important 1. to have highly reproducible techniques and 2. to determine the range of the normal values and their variations in relation to the development of the fetus. Prenatal diagnosis was performed in more than 200 pregnancies with a 1 in 4 risk of cystic fibrosis and was based on significant modifications of 6 amniotic fluid enzymes values: gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase, aminopeptidase and alkaline phosphatase (total and isoenzymes). Normal outcome was predicted in 135 pregnancies reaching term, 133 babies were normal and 2 were affected. On the basis of significantly abnormal enzymatic values an affected fetus was predicted in 57 pregnancies, 3 went to term, the infants were affected, 54 were terminated and the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis was confirmed in the examined fetuses. The decrease in amniotic fluid microvillar enzymes values is the result of an obstruction of the terminal ileum. Fetuses affected with cystic fibrosis developed an intestinal obstruction around the 15th week of developmental age which can be seen by ultrasound scanning in about fifty per cent of the cases. This obstruction persists in some fetuses and leads to a meconium ileus at birth.
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PMID:[Prenatal diagnosis of mucoviscidosis: biochemical technics and studies of affected fetuses]. 288 Jun 76

Patients with concomitant ovarian cancer and bowel obstruction were studied in an effort to find objective prognostic factors predictive of patient outcome. A total of 62 patients were followed from 31 to 354 weeks, and a total of 20 variables were considered in the analyses. At the end of the study 49 patients were dead of their disease, and 13 were alive (six disease free and seven with persistent disease). Survival probabilities of the sample were 79% at 6 weeks, 48% at 20 weeks, and 24% at 104 weeks. Univariate analyses revealed no significant difference in the survival times of medically versus surgically treated patients; age greater than 60 years at diagnosis of cancer, presence of ascites, low serum albumin levels, elevated blood urea nitrogen levels, elevated alkaline phosphatase levels, lack of previous radiotherapy (p less than 0.002 for all), advanced tumor stage, normal/ileus x-ray results, and a short diagnosis to obstruction interval (p less than 0.04 for all) resulted in lower survival probabilities.
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PMID:Bowel obstruction in patients with ovarian cancer: a search for prognostic factors. 334 1

Immunoreactive trypsin (IRT) has been studied in amniotic fluid as a possible complementary test substance for the prenatal diagnosis of cystic fibrosis (CF). 219 normal amniotic fluids have been tested in order to establish the normal ranges from 14 to 40 gestational weeks (g.w.). The IRT level increases from g.w. 14 to 19, remains stable from g.w. 19 to 25 and then decreases rapidly to low levels. A retrospective study of 4 presumed CF fluids, as determined by abnormal alkaline phosphatase levels, showed decreased IRT values in 3 out of 4 fluids. The difference between the mean value and the normal mean was not significant. The prospective study allowed us to test 2 fluids from pregnancies affected by meconium ileus. IRT level was highly elevated, 530 times the normal mean value at g.w. 34 for a non-CF fetus and 18 times the normal mean value for a CF fetus at g.w. 31. In 4 out of 5 cases of fetal severe intra-uterine growth retardation, IRT levels appeared mildly elevated. Other abnormalities are reviewed.
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PMID:Amniotic immunoreactive trypsin in pregnancies with normal and pathological outcomes. 343 39

Prenatal diagnosis of cystic fibrosis was performed in 200 pregnancies with a 1-in-4 risk, and was based on significant modifications in amniotic fluid taken at 17, 18, 19 weeks of pregnancy, of six enzymatic assays: gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase, aminopeptidase M, and alkaline phosphatase (total and isoenzymes). On the basis of normal values, normal outcome was predicted in 135 pregnancies reaching term, all the babies were normal. On the basis of significantly abnormal enzymatic values, an affected fetus was predicted in 56 pregnancies, 53 were terminated, and 3 went to term; the infants were affected. There were discrepancies in enzymatic values in nine cases, in eight cases normal outcome was predicted, six babies were normal and two were affected; in one case an affected baby was predicted, the pregnancy went to term and the baby is normal. Criteria giving evidence for cystic fibrosis in fetuses have been described: macroscopic observation of a typical meconium ileus, significant increase of albumin content in the meconium, and PAS-positive mucus-like material in some pancreatic acini. Using these criteria, diagnosis of cystic fibrosis has been confirmed in all the examined fetuses. The recurrence rate of cystic fibrosis was 22.5% in 147 diagnoses in which the index case had cystic fibrosis without a history of meconium ileus at birth, but was 47.5% when the index case had meconium ileus. The results of the study suggest that prenatal diagnosis of cystic fibrosis can be performed with an accuracy of 98%.
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PMID:Prenatal diagnosis in 200 pregnancies with a 1-in-4 risk of cystic fibrosis. 353 26

Meconium ileus was the presenting feature of cystic fibrosis in 46 per cent of the couples which have been referred for prenatal diagnosis. In fetuses which have been aborted on the basis of alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes assays, meconium ileus represented the only pathological feature of cystic fibrosis, and was observed in three fourths of the cases. Real-time sonographic examination of fetuses at the time of amniocentesis was able to show an echogenic mass in the abdomen corresponding to the meconium ileus, and thus may afford a complementary means of diagnosis.
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PMID:Prenatal diagnosis of cystic fibrosis. II. Meconium ileus in affected fetuses. 388 58

A patient is presented with a postpartum hepatic artery thrombosis in association with presumed fibromuscular hyperplasia. Massive hepatic infarction developed characterized clinically by fever, coma, ascites, ileus, jaundice, and renal failure; and biochemically by markedly elevated SGOT and SGPT, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin levels, and decreased thromboplastin time. The diagnosis was made in vivo by computed tomography (CT). Angiography revealed thrombotic occlusion of the hepatic artery in association with presumed fibromuscular hyperplasia. Laparoscopy and biopsy confirmed the diagnosis.
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PMID:In vivo diagnosis of massive hepatic infarction by computed tomography. 646 35

The authors analyze the results of surgical treatment of 629 patients with acute ileus. In order to increase the diagnostic information value of the radiopaque dynamic investigation the authors propose to administer the liquid barium suspension through the probe introduced through the nose into the initial portion of the jejunum. It has been established that the level of content of the alkaline phosphatase intestinal fraction is an indirect index of the mesenterial blood circulation state. The experience of employment of visual angiometry for the assessment of vital capacity of the intestine and the size of its resection is described as well as other methods of decompression of the gastro-intestinal tract during the postoperative period.
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PMID:[Ways to improve the diagnosis and treatment of mechanical intestinal obstruction of a nontumorous nature]. 742 88

A 45-yr-old male patient developed acute abdominal pain, ileus, and microscopic hematuria with biochemical evidence of pancreatitis and a marked increase in liver alkaline phosphatase; CT demonstrated swelling of the pancreas, bilateral adrenal hemorrhage, and a suggestion of renal hemorrhage. ERCP was negative and renal arterial and venous blood flow normal. A coagulation profile demonstrated the presence of lupus anticoagulant, but tests for anticardiolipin antibodies and collagen vascular diseases were negative. Treatment with corticosteroids and anticoagulation resulted in improvement in clinical and all biochemical indices. Thus, lupus anticoagulant syndrome may masquerade as an acute abdominal illness with multiorgan involvement.
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PMID:Lupus anticoagulant masquerading as an acute abdomen with multiorgan involvement. 773 97


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