Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
 47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The pathomorphological study was carried out on a total of 360 broiler chicken which had been random-sampled on days 22 and 35 of the mast period, respectively, from those flocks that were to be compared. Furthermore, 161 animals with evidence of movement disturbance that were slaughtered in the last two mast weeks, were also evaluated. With regard to incidence, severity of movement disturbance and the spectrum of pathomorphological changes of the skeleton there were no differences between the different groups. When histological and morphometrical methods were applied, no differences in the skeleton structure were noted between flocks with conventional housing and flocks with reduced population density. Equally, no differences were ascertained with regard to dry substance and ash content of the bones including the minerals calcium and phosphorus. Furthermore, there were no group differences in serum calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase. In numerous chicken from all groups a plantar pododermatitis with differing incidence and strongly varying intensity was observed. The lesions were characterized by a papillomatous proliferation of the basal epithelial layers. There was widespread inflammation with loss of the epithelial layer and deep necroses of the sole. A latent infection with papilloma viruses is discussed. About 90% of the random-sampled chicken of all groups showed bending of the vertebral column by 20 degrees at the height of the 6th thoracic vertebra. In numerous chicken the 6th thoracic vertebra was dislocated and slightly rotated which caused encroachment of the vertebral canal. Whether this alteration may be responsible for the frequently observed movement disturbance of broilers in the last third of the mast period can not be decided on the basis of the pathomorphological study. In any case it must be assumed that both the pododermatitis and the bending and encroachment of the vertebral column cause pain. Thus, both lesions should be evaluated from the viewpoint of animal protection.
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PMID:[Results of pathological-anatomical studies of limbs and spinal column]. 872 27

Microbiological aspects are considered to be of pathophysiological importance in psoriasis, but there has so far been no information regarding cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. This is of interest due to the high prevalence of latent infection in the general population, the frequent reactivation in inflammatory diseases, and the immunomodulating capacity of CMV. To detect active infection we analysed CMV antigen expression of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from psoriatic patients (n = 30) in comparison with healthy volunteers (n = 65). Using three monoclonal antibodies and immunocytological staining (alkaline phosphatase-antialkaline phosphatase technique), we frequently found CMV antigenaemia in psoriasis (43%) compared with healthy laboratory staff (12%, P < 0. 01) and blood donors (6%, P < 0.001). Clearance of CMV antigenaemia was observed with antipsoriatic treatment. CMV antigenaemia was symptomless, and was associated with seropositivity for anti-CMV IgG but not IgM antibodies, indicating subclinical activation of latent infection. Serological investigations in 85 psoriatic patients gave no evidence for a higher prevalence of latent CMV infection. In psoriatic lesions, CMV DNA was only rarely detected by polymerase chain reaction. As it has been shown that tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha can induce CMV reactivation, we determined TNF-alpha plasma concentrations and mRNA expression in PBMC from psoriatic patients. Elevated TNF-alpha levels were found and correlated with the frequency of CMV antigen-expressing PBMC, suggesting a critical role of TNF-alpha in CMV activation. We speculate that active, subclinical CMV infection may be of pathophysiological importance in psoriasis.
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PMID:A high prevalence of cytomegalovirus antigenaemia in patients with moderate to severe chronic plaque psoriasis: an association with systemic tumour necrosis factor alpha overexpression. 1041 21

Experimental evidence is presented for drastic changes in phosphomonoesterase activities of tissue cultures, brought about by infection with poliomyelitis viruses. Acid phosphatase activity went through a maximum before decreasing almost to zero level. Alkaline phosphatase activity diminished progressively to zero, then with disruption of the cells attamed normal levels. Various aspects of the kinetics were investigated and illustrated. The initial increase of acid phosphatase, in contrast with the alkaline, may mean that the reactions catalyzed by this enzyme continue during the early phase. This period is the time of intense virus production and therefore it was supposed that this enzyme may play some role in virus synthesis. It was assumed that the virus acts as a particle of molecular size and becomes associated with the enzyme complex physicochemically or chemically. This association ends with the disintegration of the host cells. During the cell-virus interaction a toxin may develop which is a strong and general enzyme inhibitor. Various enzyme systems differ in sensitivity toward these virus effects; for instance, acid phosphatase is irreversibly inhibited or may be destroyed. The visible CPE of virus is preceded by a drastic reduction of enzyme activities in whole TC and in its various fractions, which may suggest causal relationship in the mechanism of cell destruction. In arrested or latent infection these processes are operative, but on a smaller scale. The drop in activities cannot be explained by the reduction of tissue mass, which is the consequence, rather than the cause, of enzyme changes. Besides the theoretical significance of these observations the following practical points can be summarized: 1. Changes in phosphatase activities are most strikingly demonstrated in whole tissue cultures inoculated with poliomyelitis virus. 2. There is causal relationship among infection, enzyme changes, and transformation of cell physiology. 3. The biochemical approach provides a quantitative measure of the extent of cell damage, before visible CPE is detectible. 4. Unapparent and active infections with poliomyelitis virus could be differentiated from normal controls by this method. 5. By various manipulations (freezing, long incubation) the difference between normal and infected TC can be enhanced. Suitable technical methods were proposed for various types of investigations.
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PMID:Comparative biochemical studies on normal and on poliomyelitis virus-infected tissue cultures. V. Profund alteration of acid and alkaline phosphatase activity in infected rhesus kidney cells. 1336 32

A case of a genetically HLA-B27 patient fully investigated by molecular analyses, following a holistic vision and an anamnestic assessment of multi-site ecosystems is repeated. VDRL, Lupus anti-coagulant (LAC) and Widal-Wright (WWR), resulted positive. The antibodies (IgG/IgA anti-Ct) against chronic Chlamydia trachomatis inflammation were positive. In the context of all the enzymatic activities in reference range, the AMS and the ALP enzymatic activities showed an increasing trend and a time course augment depending respectively. Cultures, parasitological, digestibility tests and molecular analyses were then performed to investigate the different human ecosystems. Parasitological research and digestibility test were performed, resulting a latent chronic bowel inflammation, including certain enteroinvasive pathogens, such as, Salmonella, Shigella, Yersinia and Campylobacter (Enteric Pathogens Group, EPG) and Escherichia Coli pathogens (Escherichia Coli Pathogens Group, ECPG). The Salmonella typhi-DNA resulted positive, while 90% of the total microbic charge (TMC) was represented by C. freundi in culture analyses. Interpreting the VDRL positive test as early triggering of autoimmune disease, a few acute phase proteins as a pauci-symptomatic chronic phlogistic process, the amylase and alkaline phosphatase alterations as tissue markers of early intestinal inflammation, the Widal's reaction positivity together with the precocious clinical and faecal manifestations, this study suggests the prime triggering role of these atypical pathogens to cause a chronic low grade autoimmune response against the tissue/organ susceptible target, causing inflammaging phenomenon in young patient with chronic latent infection by Salmonella typhi, leading to Reiter's syndrome, in HLA-B27 positive patient.
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PMID:Can latent synergism of intestinal pathogens be responsible for inflammaging process causing Reiter's syndrome in a young patient HLA-B27 infected by atypical pathogens? A holistic view and clinical biochemical reinterpretation. 2324 Nov 24