Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

---

Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Using a sensitive enzyme immunoassay, carcinoplacental alkaline phosphatase (CPAP) was determined in sera of 1266 patients with gyneocological cancers. All these patients were referred after initial surgical treatment elsewhere. There were 95 patients with evidence of disease at the time of the study and 1171 without evidence of disease. Of the 95 patients with active disease, 47 were treated for ovarian carcinoma, 36 for carcinoma of the cervix and 12 for endometrial carcinoma. Raised levels of CPAP were seen in 40% of patients with ovarian carcinoma, in 22% with carcinoma of the cervix and in 41% in the small group with endometrial carcinoma. In patients without evidence of disease, raised levels of CPAP were seen in 12% of patients with carcinoma of the cervix, in 6% of endometrial carcinoma and only in 2% of patients with carcinoma of the ovary. Therefore it was considered that in the latter group CPAP studies would prove of some value. In the group of patients with carcinoma of the ovary and evidence of disease, raised levels of CPAP were seen almost exclusively in patients with epithelial tumors. It is considered that CPAP may be of value as a tumor marker in this group of patients. When compared with CEA, CPAP tends to give fewer false positives and correlates better with the presence of disease.
...
PMID:The value of a sensitive assay of carcino-placental alkaline phosphatase (CPAP) in the follow-up of gynecological cancers. 38 13

Placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) was measured by an immunoradiometric assay using the monoclonal antibody C2 (PLAP-C2). Serum samples of 135 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer were analyzed, and the results were compared with CA125 levels. CA125 and PLAP-C2 were elevated in 85 and 43% of the patients, respectively. Only 1 patient with normal CA125 and evidence of disease at the time of sampling had an elevated PLAP-C2. Fifty-three patients with measurable tumor were followed longitudinally during chemotherapy. Correct correlation with disease evolution was observed in 95% of the patients for CA125 and in 59% for PLAP-C2. The PLAP-C2 assay did not add significantly to the predictive value of CA125 in the diagnosis and follow-up of epithelial ovarian cancer.
...
PMID:CA125 and placental alkaline phosphatase as serum tumor markers in epithelial ovarian carcinoma. 162 81

The expression of the human small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cluster 1 antigen and the human milk fat globule membrane (HMFG) antigen were studied in three SCLC, three lung adenocarcinoma, six ovarian adenocarcinoma and three colorectal adenocarcinoma cell lines before and after culture in the presence of the differentiation inducing agent, sodium butyrate. Before treatment, only SCLC and well differentiated ovarian cell lines expressed the cluster 1 antigen. After 4 days culture with sodium butyrate, expression of cluster 1 antigen was induced in poorly differentiated ovarian, colorectal and lung adenocarcinoma cell lines whereas existing antigen expression was enhanced in SCLC and well differentiated ovarian cell lines. The expression of the HMFG antigen was also modified. Induction of cluster 1 antigen correlated with increased levels of alkaline phosphatase in the treated cell lines, this enzyme being associated with a more differentiated state in colon and ovarian carcinoma cell lines. The pattern of induction of cluster 1 antigen expression suggests that several different epitopes of this antigen are recognised by the ten SCLC cluster 1 antibodies studied.
...
PMID:Modulation of the cluster 1 and mucin antigens in human small cell lung cancer and other epithelial tumour cell lines after treatment with the differentiation inducing agent, sodium butyrate. 164 68

Twenty-one pretreatment variables were investigated for prognostic influence on survival in 301 previously untreated patients with ovarian carcinoma, stage IIB-IV. Patients were randomized to sequential combination chemotherapy: cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, 5-fluorouracil, followed by cisplatin and hexamethylmelamine, or to the 3-drug combination alternating with the 2-drug combination every other month. Median overall survivals were 25 and 22 months, respectively, P greater than 0.4. Based on the results from a Cox multivariate stepwise analysis a subset of independent significant prognostic factors was found to include: residual tumor size, performance status, alkaline phosphatase, number of metastases, histological differentiation grade and type. A prognostic index was calculated for each patient and three prognostic categories of patients were determined. The 3-yr survival rates for patients with low-, intermediate-, and high-risk scores were 62, 31, and 7%, respectively. Multivariate analysis thus contributes further information about the disease, and a knowledge of the distribution of such factors across different trials is important when comparing treatment outcome.
...
PMID:Prognostic factors for overall survival in patients with advanced ovarian carcinoma. 186 18

Placental-like alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) was measured by its catalytic activity (CA), using an amplified enzyme-linked immunoassay, and by its immunologic activity (IA), using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In both assays the same monoclonal anti-PLAP antibody was used as the primary reagent. This antibody reacts with the main epitope on PLAP that is common to PLAP of ovarian and testicular origin, as well as of PLAP that is induced by smoking. Determinations of CA and IA of PLAP were carried out in serum samples from 101 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (49 patients with progressive or recurrent disease, 52 patients with no evidence of disease), 20 patients with testicular cancer (8 non-seminoma testis, 12 seminoma testis) and 61 healthy controls. Smoking status was taken into consideration. The main findings from this study are: 1. In prolonged follow-up of patients who were treated for ovarian cancer, progressive or recurrent disease was never accompanied by rising values of CA or IA of PLAP. Therefore in this study, PLAP was not a good monitor for this disease. 2. In all instances where expression of PLAP was reflected by raised serum levels of these antigens, the measurement of the catalytic activity proved to be a more sensitive parameter than that of the immunologic activity. The value of PLAP measurements in the follow-up of patients with testicular cancer remains to be elucidated.
...
PMID:Catalytic and immunologic activities of placental-like alkaline phosphatase in clinical studies. The value of PLAP in follow-up of ovarian cancer. 244 78

We recently found that exposure of cells to different aminothiols promotes cystine uptake and leads to an increase of cellular glutathione by new biosynthesis (Issels et al., Biochem. Pharmacol., 37: 881-888, 1988). Therefore, we further investigated whether the known radioprotective and chemoprotective aminothiol derivative S-2-(3-aminopropylamino)ethylphosphorothioic acid (WR-2721) or its dephosphorylated form (WR-1065) will lead to similar effects. In order to convert WR-2721 to the free thiol compound (WR-1065) in vitro, the medium also contained 20 U/ml alkaline phosphatase (AP). For uptake studies a modified McCoy's 5A medium supplemented with 0.1 mM [35S]cystine was used. In Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) and Chinese hamster ovarian carcinoma (OvCa) cells, WR-2721 exposure alone did not increase the cystine uptake relative to that of control (untreated) cells, while WR-2721 + AP enhanced the uptake of cystine more than twofold in both cell lines. The increase of cystine uptake was dependent on the time of exposure (0-60 min) and the concentrations of WR-2721 (0-8 mM) + AP. Half-maximal uptake of cystine was observed at concentrations of 0.69 and 0.57 mM WR-2721 in CHO and OvCa cells, respectively. Determination of both reduced (GSH) and oxidized (GSSG) cellular glutathione levels after the exposure (0-300 min) to WR-2721 + AP in CHO cells showed a depletion of GSH to less than 10% of the pretreatment value and a 4-fold reduction of the GSH/GSSG ratio. In contrast, in OvCa cells the amount of total glutathione rather increased with no significant change of the GSH/GSSG ratio by the exposure to WR-2721 + AP. Further analysis using high-performance liquid chromatography of cell extracts revealed that the relative amount of incorporated [35S]-cystine into glutathione was increased similarly in both cell lines. The data show that precursor availability and new biosynthesis of glutathione is enhanced by the exposure to WR-2721 + AP in vitro despite the differential modulation of the cellular glutathione status in the two cell lines. These findings may have important implications for the use of aminothiols like WR-2721 in various cells and tissues in regard of their response to chemotherapeutic agents, ionizing radiation and/or hyperthermia.
...
PMID:Promotion of cystine uptake, increase of glutathione biosynthesis, and modulation of glutathione status by S-2-(3-aminopropylamino)ethyl phosphorothioic acid (WR-2721) in Chinese hamster cells. 253 52

The effect of sodium butyrate was examined on the growth and phenotypic expression of a cell line derived from the ascitic fluid of an untreated patient with ovarian carcinoma. The chemical inducer of differentiation, sodium butyrate, markedly enhances the activity of the membrane-bound glycoprotein enzymes, alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. The alkaline phosphatase corresponds to placental Regan type. Sodium butyrate (1 mM) alone has only a small inhibitory effect on cell growth. However, it was shown to potentiate the anti-proliferative effect of Adriamycin and to render the cells sensitive to cis-platinum.
...
PMID:Sodium butyrate enhances the activities of membranal enzymes and increases drug sensitivity in a cell line from ascitic fluid of an ovarian carcinoma patient. 257 49

We have studied the effects of sodium butyrate, retinoic acid, and dimethyl sulfoxide on two human ovarian carcinoma cell lines PE04 and PE01. PE04 cells, after treatment with sodium butyrate at cytostatic doses (2-3 mM for 4 days), exhibited phenotypic changes including induction of alkaline phosphatase and determinants recognized by the monoclonal antibodies 123C3 and 123A8. These effects are not simply the result of cytostasis as they were not produced by dimethyl sulfoxide or retinoic acid. Other markers are also modified by sodium butyrate including lipid, acid mucin, and glycogen. Retinoic acid modulated expression of lipid and CA125, while dimethyl sulfoxide reduced expression of CA125. Other short chain fatty acids such as propionic acid and valeric acid (in addition to butyric acid) also induced alkaline phosphatase and the determinants recognized by 123C3 and 123A8 in PE04 cells. Other differentiation inducers and cytotoxic agents studied did not induce these markers at cytostatic concentrations. The effects of sodium butyrate (and related short chain fatty acids) thus appear to be relatively specific for this cell line.
...
PMID:Effect of sodium butyrate and other differentiation inducers on poorly differentiated human ovarian adenocarcinoma cell lines. 316 62

The synthetic factor based on determinations of 10 parameters in sera of patients with ovarian carcinoma, was constructed. The factor was found to be useful in evaluation of the effectiveness of the cytotoxic treatment and in indication of the recurrence of the malignancy. Reduction of the number of biochemical markers to five (haptoglobin, seromucoid, lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase), according to significance of particular markers in the laboratory diagnostics of ovarian cancer did not affect the diagnostic sensitivity of the synthetic factor.
...
PMID:Synthetic factor for evaluation of the effectiveness of the therapy in ovarian carcinoma. 345 51

Bone scans or skeletal surveys were obtained in 104 patients with ovarian carcinoma. No metastases were identified at staging in the 43 patients with Stage I or II disease. Four patients in the entire series had osseous metastases. Three of the 40 patients with Stage III epithelial ovarian carcinoma had osseous metastases at the time of staging. All of these were Grade III lesions. One Stage I, Grade III patient demonstrated osseous metastases two years after initial diagnosis. None of the four patients with osseous metastases had an elevated alkaline phosphatase; three of the four had bone pain. Based on these results, it is suggested that radiographic bone survey and radionuclide bone scans are not indicated as screening procedures in asymptomatic patients with ovarian carcinoma.
...
PMID:Radionuclide bone scan, radiographic bone survey, and alkaline phosphatase: studies of limited value in asymptomatic patients with ovarian carcinoma. 628 13


1 2 Next >>

---