Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
 47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The clinical value of measuring biliary acids in various chronic liver disease was investigated. The sample examined included 17 healthy subjects, 16 patients with active chronic hepatitis, 15 with cirrhosis of the liver and 14 with cholestatic cirrhosis. The following parameters were considered in each patient: blood bilirubin, gamma GT, alkaline phosphatase, cholinesterase, blood cholesterol, Quick time. The total pool of biliary acids was assayed by the enzymatic method on samples taken in the morning before breakfast and two hours after intake of 600 mg ursodeoxycholic acid. Total biliary increased with the progression of the pathological condition. Unlike all other indicators biliary acid assays after oral loading with ursodeoxycholic acid makes it possible to distinguish between subjects with active chronic hepatitis and those with cirrhosis of the liver.
 ...
PMID:[Bile acids in chronic hepatopathies]. 380 85

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was measured in whole serum and in serum extracted with perchloric acid by microradioimmunoassay in patients with benign and malignant diseases of the liver and pancreas. The level of detectability was 5 ng per ml. This level or greater was present in the serum of 50% of patients with chronic diffuse liver disease, 64% with pancreatitis, 94% with cancer of the digestive system, and 3% of controls. The incidence of levels of CEA of 5 ng/ml or more differed for various categories of chronic liver disease: from 22% in active chronic hepatitis, 46% in primary biliary cirrhosis, 63% in hepatoma, 78% in cryptogenic cirrhosis, and 88% in alcoholic cirrhosis; levels of CEA correlated with degrees of impairment of liver function as judged by bromsulphalein retention and serum levels of alkaline phosphatase and transaminase. In pancreatitis, 64% of cases had levels of CEA ranging from 5 to 20 ng/ml and in cancer of the pancreas 94% had levels above 5 ng/ml and 50% above 20 ng/ml.
 ...
PMID:Carcinoembryonic antigen in serum in diseases of the liver and pancreas. 472 56

In 1964 a 42-year-old woman was hospitalized with clinical and laboratory signs of posttransfusion hepatitis five weeks after administration of six whole blood transfusions. During the following 17 years anicteric chronic liver disease was repeatedly documented by elevations of serum aspartate aminotransferase (SGOT) and alkaline phosphatase enzymes. In 1981 hepatomegaly, progressive jaundice, and a serum alphafetoprotein level of 516,000 ng/ml were observed. Percutaneous liver biopsy showed a primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC). Serologic examinations failed to reveal markers for hepatitis B virus including HBsAg, anti-HBs, and anti-HBc by radioimmunoassay; antibody to hepatitis A virus was also absent. This sequence of events demonstrates a presumptive association of PHC and the agent(s) of non-A, non-B viral hepatitis.
 ...
PMID:Primary hepatocellular carcinoma following non-A, non-B posttransfusion hepatitis. 619 33

The effects of intravaginal application of nonoxynol-9 (N-9) on hematological parameters, routine liver function biochemistry (bilirubin, serum bile acid, SGOT, SGPT, GGT, alkaline phosphatase), and serum lipids (cholesterol and triglyceride) were evaluated in 10 normal women who received 150 mg N-9 daily for 14 consecutive days. Only 6 persons completed the trial (4 were excluded because of irritation and vaginal itching, moniliasis, and urinary tract infection). There was no effect of the N-9 on the tests reflecting liver function and hematologic parameters, confirming the results of B. Malyk. Reduction in serum cholesterol at the end of the trial was the only significant finding; such finding was not seen in the subjects of Malyk, who used a lower dose (115 mg) of the drug. Caution should be observed in interpreting the results of such a short-term clinical toxicity study as it does not reliably exclude the possibility of significant liver damage due to chronic clinical use of N-9 as a contraceptive agent. Common laboratory tests of "liver function" have been known to produce totally normal results inspite of the presence of extensive liver disease. Also, because only normal women have been studied, the hepatotoxic potential of N-9 in women with mild or chronic liver disease is not known. Early hepatic damage in rates given N-9 has been observed and suggests the need for continued surveillance of N-9 and evaluation of its systemic effects.
 ...
PMID:Liver function tests in women using intravaginal spermicide nonoxynol-9. 627

A rapid radioassay was used to characterise the adenosine diphosphatase (ADPase) activities in human plasma. There was a major peak at pH 9.3, 80% of whose activity was attributable to non-specific alkaline phosphatase, with the remaining 20% probably due to a specific ADPase. There was also a small peak of ADPase activity at pH 4.0. Inhibitor and chromatographic studies showed that whilst much of this activity was attributable to non-specific acid phosphatase, there was a discrete acid ADPase. Assays of plasma ADPase activities in vascular disorders, including myocardial infarction, peripheral vascular disease and diabetes mellitus, reveal no alterations from control values. Activities of alkaline ADPase were elevated in both chronic and acute liver failure. Acid ADPase was also increased in chronic liver disease and it is suggested that alterations in ADPase activities in liver disorders may contribute to the haemostatic problems observed in these patients.
 ...
PMID:Assay, kinetics and properties of plasma adenosine diphosphatase. The relationship to acid and alkaline phosphatase and variations in disease. 628 1

We describe here an easy method of determining prolidase (EC 3.4.13.9) in plasma after preincubation with Mn2+ for 24 h at 37 degrees C to maximize prolidase activity. The mean activity in 338 patients who were either in hospital or outpatients was 900 U/L +/- 520 (2 SD), unrelated to sex or age. In 25 of these 338 samples tested, prolidase activity was between 1500 and 2000 U/L. It exceeded 2000 U/L in eight, all of whom were patients with chronic liver disease. Plasma prolidase activity was normal in cytolytic syndromes such as liver or heart disease. Of the 27 patients with cirrhosis, only five exhibited prolidase activity greater than 2000 U/L. Plasma prolidase activity was uncorrelated with six biochemical indexes to liver function (the aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatase, glutamyltransferase, total bilirubin, and serum albumin) or with the degree of cirrhotic fibrosis. We believe that plasma prolidase activity may be high only in the early stage of fibrosis. This hypothesis would be consistent with the data on rat-liver collagenolytic activities during CCl4 administration. Monitoring of plasma prolidase activity might be useful in evaluating fibrotic processes in chronic liver disease in the human.
 ...
PMID:Plasma prolidase activity: a possible index of collagen catabolism in chronic liver disease. 669 25

Bridging hepatic necrosis has, in the past, been found to be of prognostic significance in patients with acute viral hepatitis. In two studies performed on a selected group of patients with acute viral hepatitis, one-third of the patients with bridging hepatic necrosis developed chronic liver disease. These patients differed from the average hepatitis patient in that they were more severely ill and a higher percentage of them had acute viral hepatitis Type B. As all army personnel in Israel who develop jaundice and are suspected of having acute viral hepatitis are hospitalized, regardless of their clinical state, they constitute a group of patients not preselected for severity of illness. Forty-eight soldiers diagnosed clinically and biochemically as having viral hepatitis were hospitalized during a 27-month period. After giving informed consent, 41 of them underwent a liver needle biopsy within a few days of hospitalization. Each histological specimen was coded, and was then examined for bridging hepatic necrosis by three independent observers. Fourteen patients (34%) were found to have bridging hepatic necrosis. Clinically, these patients could not be clearly separated from the group without bridging hepatic necrosis, although hepatomegaly was more frequent among them, and their mean leukocyte count and bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase levels were higher. During a follow-up of more than 1 year, patients in both groups recovered completely. Four patients, two in each group, consented to a second liver needle biopsy, which was found to be normal. We conclude that bridging hepatic necrosis seems to be more common than expected, and does not seem to have the severe prognostic significance attributed to it in the past.
 ...
PMID:Bridging hepatic necrosis in acute viral hepatitis. 669 68

The authors describe the development of a double antibody radioimmunoassay specific for human secretory IgA (sIgA), and they report the results of measurements of serum sIgA concentrations in patients with chronic, nonalcoholic liver disease or carcinoma. Above-normal sIgA concentrations (greater than 25 micrograms/mL) were found in 22 of 38 sera from patients with chronic active liver disease and in 37 of 40 sera from patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. Markedly increased concentrations (greater than 118 micrograms/mL) were specific for primary biliary cirrhosis. Above-normal sIgA concentrations were found frequently in patients with colorectal (29/86, 34%), pancreatic (38/70, 54%), gastric (11/30, 37%), or mammary (6/46, 13%) carcinoma. An above-normal concentration of sIgA was more specific for hepatic metastases than an above-normal alkaline phosphatase activity in each type of carcinoma. The authors conclude that measurement of sIgA in serum is a useful diagnostic test in patients with chronic liver disease suspected of having primary biliary cirrhosis or in patients with carcinoma suspected of having hepatic metastases.
 ...
PMID:Measurement of secretory IgA in serum by radioimmunoassay in patients with chronic nonalcoholic liver disease or carcinoma. 672 Jun 27

Serum activities of pancreatic and salivary isoamylases were evaluated in 44 patients with liver disease. In 20 patients with acute hepatitis no significant changes of both isoamylases were observed whereas liver cirrhosis and chronic active hepatitis (n = 24) were associated with significantly increased pancreatic isoamylase activities as compared to the control group. The significantly positive correlation between pancreatic isoamylase and the intestinal isoenzyme of alkaline phosphatase in serum may indicate a similarity in the metabolic clearances of both enzymes. We suggest that decreased clearance of pancreatic isoamylase may contribute to hyperamylasemia found in 42% of our patients with chronic liver disease.
 ...
PMID:Serum isoamylases in acute and chronic liver disease. 674 Dec 2

Twenty-nine patients with chronic liver disease, nine of whom had symptoms suggesting bone disease, were studied by bone histology. Nine had osteomalacia; six associated with cholestatic liver disease and three with primarily hepatocellular disease. Two of these had clinical and biochemical features of cholestasis for at least a year and the other had alcoholic cirrhosis associated with severe malnutrition. Excluding the latter patient, histological osteomalacia was significantly associated with presence and duration of cholestasis. Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D was low and fasting urine hydroxyproline/creatinine ratio was high in all patients with osteomalacia but were abnormal also in some patients who did not have histological osteomalacia. Serum calcium, phosphate, alkaline phosphatase, vitamin D-binding protein and radiology were unhelpful in many patients with osteomalacia. Vitamin D-deficiency correlated significantly with deficiency of other fat-soluble vitamins and those patients with rachitic levels of plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D showed no seasonal variation, suggesting a combination of malabsorption of vitamin D and reduced sunlight exposure. We suggest that patients with chronic liver disease with cholestasis for at least a year are at risk from osteomalacia and that those likely to have this complication may be identified by plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D and/or fasting urine hydroxyproline/creatinine ratio measurements. The diagnosis can only be made with certainty by bone biopsy.
 ...
PMID:Osteomalacia, vitamin D deficiency and cholestasis in chronic liver disease. 698 Nov 20


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>