Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
 47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Immunophenotype analysis of 17 childhood medulloblastoma (MED) and supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumors (SPNET) was performed on frozen sections using 16 monoclonal antibodies (MoAb) with the biotin-streptavidin alkaline phosphatase immunohistochemical technique. Neuroectodermal associated antigens, reacting with MoAb UJ13/A, UJ127.11, UJ167.11, and UJ223.8 were detected on greater than 10% of the cells in 15 of 17 MED/SPNET. Thy-1 was present on 14 of 17 tumors and absent on two of three SPNET. Neuronal (NF) and glial (GFAP) differentiation markers were evaluated. NF-H was demonstrated in 15 of 17, NF-M in six of 17 and NF-L in one of 17 tumors; GFAP was positive in nine of 17 patients. In nine of 17 MED/SPNET both proteins were present within the same tumor. Common leukocyte antigen was demonstrated on greater than 50% of the cells in four of 14 tumors as were shared tumor/leukocyte markers using monoclonal antibodies Thy-1, PI153/3, UJ308. The most frequent MED immunophenotype analysis was UJ 13/A+, UJ 127.11+, UJ 167.11+, UJ223.8+, PI 153/3+, A2B5+, GFAP+, NF-H+, and CLA-, NF-M-, NF-L-, 215-, 275-, 282.1-. The authors conclude that MED and SPNET are heterogeneous for expression of 16 markers and have similar immunophenotype analysis profiles, supporting the concept of their common, neuroectodermal origin. Common leukocyte antigen on both tumor cells and leukocytes precludes identification of tumor infiltrating leukocytes using monostaining techniques.
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PMID:Immunophenotype profile of childhood medulloblastomas and supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumors using 16 monoclonal antibodies. 219 9

During the process of programmed cell death (PCD), the cell disintegrates into small, membrane-bound apoptotic bodies. Caspase-3 is ubiquitously expressed in normal and neoplastically-transformed human cells and serves as an executioner in the apoptotic or PCD pathway. During our immunocytochemical study, a sensitive, four-step, alkaline phosphatase-conjugated antigen detection technique was employed. The results demonstrated the presence of apoptotic activity within the cellular microenvironment of childhood medulloblastoma/primitive neuroectodermal tumor. The observations identified the cytoplasmic presence of caspase-3 in more than 20% of neoplastic cells. The immunocytochemical expression pattern demonstrated a translocation tendency from the cytoplasm to the cell nuclei in the apoptotic cells in about 5% of the tumor cells. Caspase-3 presence was also detected in the tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), representing the host's immune, mostly CD8+, cytotoxic, tumor-associated antigen (TAA)-directed effector cells. This phenomenon may play an important role in these tumors' maintenance of immune privilege and evasion of immune attacks. We suggest that the grade and intensity of apoptosis may not only have diagnostic and prognostic significance, but could also play a leading role in the biological (fourth modality) antineoplastic treatment of these highly malignant, neuroectodermal brain tumors.
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PMID:Immunocytochemical detection of members of the caspase cascade of apoptosis in childhood medulloblastomas. 1599 45