Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
 47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In tracing the cellular population status in the peripheral blood of workers, exposed to benzene, was included and cytochemical determination of the alkaline phosphatase activity in leucocytes. This enzyme is accepted as marker of the neutrophilic granulocytes, as maturation of the cells and their antibacterial activity are parallel to the cytochemical activity of the enzyme. 78 workers from the coke-chemical production from state firm "Kremikovtsi" and 41 workers from the production "Benzene" and "Isopropylbenzene"--Oil Chemical Plant, Burgas are included. The benzene concentrations in the air of the working places in all productions are in the range of 5 to 50 mg/m3. For cytochemical determination of the alkaline phosphatase activity is used the method of L. Kaplow and phosphatase index was calculated. It was established that in 98.4% of all examined the alkaline phosphatase activity is inhibited to different rate, as from 46.5% [61 workers] it is zero. In considerably lower percentage of workers were established and other deviations: leucocytosis or leucopenia, neutropenia, increased percent of band neutrophils and toxic granules. The results of the investigation of the granulocyte population show that from all indices, the activity of granulocyte alkaline phosphatase demonstrates most convincing the early myelotoxic effect of benzene.
 ...
PMID:[Granulocyte alkaline phosphatase--a biomarker of chronic benzene exposure]. 784 97

Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) is a systemic vasculitis which is diagnosed on clinicopathological findings. The diagnosis may be aided by the presence of anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibodies (ANCA). In WG, ANCA are primarily directed to proteinase 3 (PR3), a serine protease of the azurophilic granules of the neutrophilic granulocyte. The main plasma inhibitor of PR3 is alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor (PI). To study if free PR3 or complexes between the enzyme and PI or PR3 and ANCA could be found in the plasma from patients with WG we have developed three ELISA systems for the detection of these complexes and free PR3. In all three assays monoclonal antibodies against PR3 were used as capture antibodies. After incubation with plasma, free PR3 was detected by affinity purified rabbit anti-PR3 followed by alkaline phosphatase-labelled swine anti-rabbit IgG. Serial dilutions of purified PR3 was used as standard. The detection limit was 3 ng/ml. PR3 complexed with PI was measured by rabbit anti-PI antibodies and alkaline phosphatase-labelled swine anti-rabbit IgG. Pre-formed in vitro complexes of PR3/PI in serial dilutions were used as standard. The detection limit of this assay was 1 ng/ml. PR3/IgG-ANCA complexes were detected by alkaline phosphatase labelled goat anti-human IgG. A positive plasma sample in serial dilutions was used as standard. Plasma samples from nine patients with WG, eight patients with fever of infectious origin without evidence of vasculitis and ten healthy donors were examined by these methods. Free PR3 could not be found in any of the plasma samples. PR3/PI complexes were detected in healthy donors at levels between 41-85 ng/ml. All WG patients, both active and inactive, had PR3/PI concentrations above this level, and so had all patients with fever. PR3/IgG-ANCA was found in three of the patients with WG, two being ANCA negative with inactive disease and one was ANCA positive with active disease. Thus, the developed methods can be useful for future studies of the clinical relevance of these complexes in patients with WG and possibly other vasculitides.
 ...
PMID:Measurements of proteinase 3 and its complexes with alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor and anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibodies (ANCA) in plasma. 793 Jun 50

We have evaluated the function of granulocytes in 14 patients suffering from myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). We also evaluated the functional and immunochemical activities of five monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) reactive with the CD11/CD18 leucocyte adhesion molecules of granulocytes. Granulocytes showed a decrease in chemotaxis (P < 0.001) and in aggregation (P < 0.01) using various agents as a stimulus. Cytofluorimetric and immunoenzymatic assays with alkaline phosphatase (APAAP) analysis showed decreased expression of the CD11b/CD18 receptor detected by OKM1 (P < 0.001). Despite LFA-1 and-CD11a/CD18 was expressed in normal amounts. The studies of upregulation of granulocytes CD11b/CD18 and image analysis of immunochemical preparation (APAAP) demonstrated decreased expression of CD11b/CD18 in granulocytes from MDS compared to controls (P < 0.001). We conclude that granulocyte dysfunction in MDS may be correlated with decreased expression of surface CD11b/CD18 leucocyte adhesion molecules or their structural modification.
 ...
PMID:The CD11/CD18 granulocyte adhesion molecules in myelodysplastic syndromes. 809 50

Growth hormone (GH) has recently been shown to affect polymorphonuclear neutrophil granulocyte (PMN) function and to be secreted by mononuclear cells, indicating that the hormone may be active in an immunophysiologic network, acting as an endo- or paracrine priming agent. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the chemotactic responsiveness of canine peripheral PMN in a dog with acromegaly, caused by spontaneous, progesterone-induced hypersecretion of GH and, secondary to this, a seven-fold increase in insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I). The chemotactic responsiveness towards zymosan-activated serum (ZAS) and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) was evaluated at a time when the dog suffered from acromegaly and again 57 days after corrective surgery (ovariohysterectomy). The experiments showed that PMN from the patient exhibited enhanced chemotactic migration that appeared to be associated with the hypersomatotropic condition as judged from the reversibility of the phenomenon. The glucose intolerance and elevated serum alkaline phosphatase that were observed in the acromegalic dog were also shown to be reversible following surgery.
 ...
PMID:Polymorphonuclear neutrophil granulocyte chemotactic hyperresponsiveness in a case of canine acromegaly. 823 7

White blood cell count, cytoenzymology (acid and alkaline phosphatase, beta-glucuronidase and myeloperoxidase of granulocytes) and ultrastructure of granulocytes and NBT reduction test were performed in peripheral blood obtained from cokery plant workers. All the subjects were divided into groups according to degree of exposure to BaP. Occupational exposure to many factors during coke production, especially to high concentration of BaP cause perceptible changes of NBT reduction test in the group more exposed workers. A statistically significant of the totally activity of the acid phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase of granulocytes were found in this risk group. The changes in granulocyte function correlated with ultrastructural changes. The coking plant environment represent a strong stimulator of the neutrophil metabolism.
 ...
PMID:[Cytoenzymatic and ultramicroscopic investigations of blood in coke oven workers]. 824 45

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the function of granulocytes in 20 patients affected by myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and correlate this with the expression of surface membrane integrins. The granulocytes showed a deficit in chemotaxis (34 +/- 12 vs 84 +/- 10, p < 0.01) in superoxide release (12 +/- 7 vs 30 +/- 10, p < 0.01) and in aggregation 12 +/- 6 vs 36 +/- 9, p < 0.01 using fMLP as stimulus. We also demonstrated with cytofluorimetric and alkaline phosphatase immunoenzymatic analysis (APAAP), decreased expression of CD11b/CD18 receptor detected by OKM1 (p < 0.001) and CD18 detected by MoAb IOT-18 (p < 0.001). PMNs CD11b/CD18 up-regulation and APAAP image analysis studies showed a lower level of expression of CD11b/CD18 in granulocytes from MDS patients compared to controls (p < 0.001). We concluded that granulocyte dysfunction in MDS may be correlated with modification of leukocyte integrins.
 ...
PMID:The role of integrins in granulocyte dysfunction in myelodysplastic syndrome. 832 43

Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) secreted from human promyelocytic leukemia cell line, HL-60, is indistinguishable from HGF in human plasma and its release is significantly stimulated by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), a differentiation-inducer of HL-60 cells into monocytes/macrophages (Nishino T et al: Biochem Biophys Res Commun 181:323, 1991). TPA stimulated HGF release from the cells through an activation of C-kinase, but not through a formation of reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, dibutyryl cAMP (dbcAMP), an activator of A-kinase and granulocyte-inducer, also stimulated HGF release. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3, another monocyte/macrophage-inducer, abated either TPA- or dbcAMP-stimulated synthesis and release of HGF in a dose-dependent manner probably via its nuclear receptor as reflected by vitamin D analog study. The effects of these three reagents on the steady-state levels of HGF mRNA of 6.0 kb corresponded with their effects on its protein levels. Furthermore, a close correlation between intracellular and extracellular HGF levels strongly suggested that these reagents affected HGF release mainly on its synthesis step. Recombinant human HGF significantly stimulated the proliferation and alkaline phosphatase activity of mouse osteoblastic cell line, MC3T3-E1. In summary, HL-60 cells secrete HGF, whose synthesis is specifically regulated by various reagents independent of their differentiation-inducing effects. Because HGF shows a direct effect on osteoblast-like cells, it might be involved in the interaction of bone marrow cells with bone cells.
 ...
PMID:Regulation of release of hepatocyte growth factor from human promyelocytic leukemia cells, HL-60, by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate, and dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate. 839 78

Liver injury was induced in BALB/c mice by local delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) to picryl chloride (PC1). Distinct changes of biochemical parameters were observed including the elevation of serum alanine and aspartate aminotransferases, increase of liver lipid peroxides, as well as decrease of serum alkaline phosphatase. Damage was confirmed by histopathological findings such as hepatocellular necrosis, granulocyte infiltration, and fatty degeneration. The liver injury was passively transferred into naive syngeneic mice by infusing spleen cells from immune mice. The capacity of the splenocytes to induce liver injury in recipient mice was almost completely abolished by pretreatment of the cells with anti-Thy 1.2 or anti-CD4, but not anti-CD8 antibody. These findings suggest that the production of liver injury by a local DTH mechanism is possible and the subpopulation of T cells, Thy-1.2+, L3T4+, and Lyt-2- cells, is at least one of the effector cells that mediate the injury.
 ...
PMID:Liver injury model in mice induced by a cellular immunologic mechanism--delayed-type hypersensitivity-induced liver injury to picryl chloride and phenotype of effector cell. 854 43

Five Thoroughbred and Quarter Horse cross foals were given 20 micrograms canine recombinant granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (rcG-CSF) per kg bwt intramuscularly (i.m.) on the day of birth and 10 micrograms rcG-CSF/kg for 13 additional days. During this time and for an additional 21 days haematology, bone marrow and clinical chemical analyses were performed. After one day of rcG-CSF administration leucocyte and neutrophil counts increased from 9.16 x 10(9)/l to 23.44 x 10(9)/l and from 6.45 x 10(9)/l to 19.61 x 10(9)/l, respectively. The counts continued to increase for the next 3-4 days and then there was a slight decrease. A second increase followed and the leucocyte and neutrophil counts increased to 52.84 x 10(9)/l and 45.16 x 10(9)/l on the day after the last rcG-CSF administration (Day 15). The counts decreased rapidly immediately after the administration of rcG-CSF was stopped and then at a slower rate. The cell counts were still higher than in the controls at the end of the study period (Day 35). Bone marrow cellularity increased from 10-25% before rcG-CSF was given to 60-80% after 5 days. The increase in cellularity was due to increased myeloid activity because the myeloid to erythroid ratio increased from 2.7 to 8.8. Serum chemistry changes were minimal although foals given rcG-CSF at various times had lower glucose concentrations and increased alkaline phosphatase and gamma glutamyl transferase activities.
 ...
PMID:Haematological, bone marrow and clinical chemical changes in neonatal foals given canine recombinant granulocyte-colony stimulating factor. 857 99

In basal conditions, NB4 and HL-60, two acute promyelocytic leukemia cell lines, express high levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) mRNA, whereas they do not synthesize appreciable amounts of the transcripts coding for interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) or interleukin-8 (IL-8). Upon granulocytic differentiation with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) or the combination of ATRA and granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), significant amounts of IL-1 beta and IL-8 mRNAs accumulated in both cell types. These changes in mRNA levels were parallelled by the increased secretion of the two cytokines. Dexamethasone (DEX) had no effect on the induction of IL-1 beta mRNA, while it enhanced the G-CSF-, ATRA- and (ATRA+G-CSF) dependent secretion of the cytokine. In combination with ATRA and G-CSF, the corticosteroid increased the expression of leukocyte alkaline phosphatase, a late marker of granulocytic differentiation.
 ...
PMID:Effects of dexamethasone on pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, cell growth and maturation during granulocytic differentiation of acute promyelocytic leukemia cells. 858 72


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>