Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
 47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Of the 242 cases of osteosarcoma recorded in the Swedish Cancer Registry for the years 1958 through 1968 only one was found to represent telangiectatic osteosarcoma. Another case was recently diagnosed in our department. The characteristic morphologic features of these neoplasms were anaplastic stroma, high mitotic activity, osteoid-formation, widely anastomosing blood spaces, and alkaline phosphatase activity. The experience gathered indicates that telangiectatic osteosarcoma constitutes a histopathologic variant of genuine osteosarcoma with a serious prognosis, necessitating the same kind of treatment as for the genuine tumour.
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PMID:Telangiectatic osteosarcoma. 28 72

A primary osteosarcoma occurred in the left ovary of a 47-year-old Japanese woman. The preoperative diagnosis, based on computerized tomography, was cystic teratoma. The excised tumor was composed of large multilocular cysts containing blood and associated with an area of solid tissue. Histologically, the tumor was a "pure" osteosarcoma that showed prominent cellular anaplasia and blood-filled spaces lined with tumor cells. The lesion resembled a telangiectatic osteosarcoma of bone. Serum alkaline phosphatase levels reflected progression of the disease. Despite aggressive adjuvant chemotherapy, the patient died 8 months later of a local recurrence and intra-abdominal spread of the tumor.
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PMID:Ovarian sarcoma with histologic features of telangiectatic osteosarcoma of the bone. 316 88

Telangiectatic osteosarcoma (TOS) which occurred in the metaphysis of the right femoral bone in a 13-year-old female was reported. It showed osteolytic and cystic lesion without sclerotic change on roentgenogram and consisted histologically of various sized blood-filled spaces lined by layers of round to oval tumor cells in the thin fibrous septa. In some solid areas, a proliferation of atypical tumor cells with large prominent nucleoli was evident, embedded in the lace-like osteoid tissue. Mitotic cells were easily encountered. A large population of tumor cells revealed high alkaline phosphatase activity as well as 5'-nucleotidase activity, indicative of osteogenic cell origin. Ultrastructurally, they showed osteogenic characteristics of well-developed rough endoplasmic reticula, cytoplasmic microfibrils, and dense bodies, but not for those of endothelial cells. In this report, we suggest that alkaline phosphatase activity in biopsy and surgical specimens is useful for distinguishing TOS from other osteolytic bone tumors, with regard to its ontogenic discussion.
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PMID:High alkaline phosphatase activity of telangiectatic osteosarcoma (TOS) and its diagnostic significance. 347 63

Our present knowledge about bone tumors is still in need of a convincing cytohistogenetic concept that would support the adequate differentiation and classification of different tumor types. The modern therapeutic approach must rely on subtle diagnostis using preferably cyto- and histomorphologic criteria. The present study depends on a considerable number of malignant and semimalignant bone tumors which were analysed by several modern investigative methods. Based on these results, we intend to find the answers to some problems of cytogenesis and histogenesis of bone tumors. Comparison and correlation of our findings with the results of other authors is attempted with the objective to propose an overall histogenetic concept of bone tumors in consideration of the known data and hypotheses. Our material comprises 85 malignant and semimalignant bone tumors. The following tumor types are discussed on the basis of cases from our collection (numbers in brackets): "Conventional" highly malignant osteosarcoma (32), parosteal and periosteal osteosarcoma (2), telangiectatic osteosarcoma (2), small cell osteosarcoma (1), small cell sclerosing osteosarcoma (2), histiocytic osteosarcoma (1), Ewing's sarcoma (15), "conventional" chondrosarcoma (7), dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma (2), mesenchymal chondrosarcoma (1), giant cell tumor (12), malignant fibrous histiocytoma of bone (5), fibrosarcoma of bone (3), The results of conventional light and electron microscopy, but also of enzyme histochemistry and autoradiography were included in the definitive classification by both histologic and cytologic criteria. In addition, different collagen types present in the ground substance of these tumors were studied by immunofluorescence microscopy; in anaplastic tumors of high malignancy the intermediate filaments of the cytoskeleton were further subjected to immunohistochemical analysis. The concept resulting from these studies may be briefly summarized as follows: The stem cell of conventional, highly malignant osteosarcoma is a stromal cell of the skeletal system, which is undergoing neoplastic transformation. At first this cell fails to show any sign of collagen synthesis, the activity of alkaline phosphatase is not increased. Of a primarily anaplastic nature, this tumor cell may differentiate in several directions: in osteoblastic differentiation, the cell will produce predominantly collagen type I, and alkaline phosphatase activity will increase. During fibroblastic differentiation we observe an increased synthesis of collagen type III, but alkaline phosphatase activity is not raised.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:[Cytogenesis and histogenesis of malignant and semimalignant bone tumors]. 609 60

The authors investigated the influence of methotrexate (MTX) serum concentration on (histologically evaluated) tumor necrosis, induced by a primary multiagent chemotherapy, including MTX, for osteosarcoma. MTX serum peaks in 151 patients, preoperatively treated with MTX (8-12g/m2), cisplatin (120mg/m2) and Adriamycin (60mg/m2), were analyzed. Significantly (p < 0.01) higher serum MTX mean peaks were observed in patients with complete tumor necrosis (MTX 773.8 mumol/l) compared to patients with 90-99% tumor necrosis (639.8 mumol/l), 50-89% tumor necrosis (649.1 mumol/l) or less than 50% tumor necrosis (610 mumol/l). Complete tumor necrosis was observed in 9% of patients with MTX peaks of less than 600 mumol/l, in 27% of patients with serum MTX peaks between 600 and 699 mumol/l and in 37% of those with MTX peaks ranging from 700 to 799 mumol/l. Higher MTX peaks (800-899, 900-999, > 1000 mumol/l) were not associated with a further increase of cases with complete tumor necrosis. 40% of patients with an MTX peak greater than 700 mumol/l had complete tumor necrosis, compared to 15.5% of patients who did not reach this value (p < 0.002). At a multivariant analysis including age, sex, tumor site and volume, pretreatment serum alkaline phosphatase and lactic dehydrogenase levels, MTX peaks of 700 mumol/l and, less significantly, the histologic type (telangiectatic osteosarcoma), were independent factors influencing tumor necrosis. The authors conclude that MTX serum peaks significantly influence chemotherapy-induced tumor necrosis in osteosarcoma. In a primary treatment consisting of cisplatin, Adriamycin and MTX, complete tumor necrosis can be obtained in 40% of patients with MTX peak concentrations > or = 700 mumol/l.
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PMID:Methotrexate serum concentration and histological response to multiagent primary chemotherapy for osteosarcoma of the limbs. 898 Nov 89