Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
 47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report the application of digoxigenin labelled oligonucleotide probes for the detection of hormonal messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in human pituitary adenomas. Positive signal for the appropriate mRNA was detected in tumours associated with Cushing's disease, acromegaly and hyperprolactinaemia, where immunoreactivity for adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH) growth hormone and prolactin had also been confirmed. In addition, we report the detection of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) mRNA in the rat pituitary gland using an oligodeoxynucleotide probe directly linked to alkaline phosphatase.
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PMID:Non-isotopic in situ hybridization with digoxigenin and alkaline phosphatase labelled oligodeoxynucleotide probes. Applications in pituitary gland. 192 46

Of cases of hyperadrenocorticism in small animals 80-85% are the result of adrenocortical hyperplasia. Middle-aged or older Poodles, Dachshunds, Boston Terriers and Boxers are most commonly affected, and cats rarely. Clinical signs include polydipsia, polyuria, alopecia, abdominal distension, lethargy, weakness, hepatomegaly, calcinosis cutis, testicular atrophy and anestrus. Hematologic and biochemical changes may include neutrophilia, lymphopenia, monocytosis, eosinopenia, increased blood levels of alkaline phosphatase, SGPT, cholesterol, Na and glucose, and decreased K and T4 levels. The high-dosage dexamethasone suppression test helps differentiate pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism from that caused by adrenal tumors. The low-dosage dexamethasone suppression test, determination of plasma ACTH levels, and ACTH response test are additional diagnostic aids in the diagnosis of Cushing's disease. Medical treatment involves oral use of mitotane (o,p'-DDD) at 50 mg/kg/day for 7 days and prednisone or prednisolone at 0.05 mg/kg/day. Hypophysectomy has been used with only 5% mortality in cases of pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism. Adrenalectomy is indicated in cases of adrenal neoplasia.
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PMID:Diseases of the adrenal cortex of dogs and cats. 633 May 21

Many peptides contribute to the heterogeneity of immunoreactive adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) in man. The use of a radioimmunoassay (RIA) specifically directed against the C-terminal end of ACTH allowed us to study precisely the following four peptides: ACTH itself, corticotropin-like intermediary lobe peptide (CLIP) or ACTH (18-39) and their phosphorylated forms on Ser31. We have set up a high-performance liquid chromatography system that separates these four molecules in a single run, to establish their relative distributions in tumors responsible for Cushing's disease or for the ectopic ACTH syndrome, and to evaluate the possible interference of phospho-Ser31 on various RIA or immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) recognition systems for ACTH. In this system, alkaline phosphatase treatment shifted the retention time of the phosphorylated peptides to that of their non-phosphorylated counterparts. In three tumors responsible for the ectopic ACTH syndrome, CLIP peptides were predominant in two and phosphorylated molecules represented between 22% and 50% of immunoreactive materials. In five pituitary tumors responsible for Cushing's disease, ACTH peptides were predominant and the phosphorylated molecules varied between 35% and 75% in four of them. In the same tumor the ratios of phosphorylated to non-phosphorylated CLIP or ACTH were identical. The presence of phospho-Ser31 did not affect the recognition ability of two mid-ACTH and two C-terminal ACTH RIAs, nor of the ACTH IRMA (Allegro, Nichols).
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PMID:Phosphorylated forms of adrenocorticotropin and corticotropin-like intermediary lobe peptide in human tumors. 792 Dec 21

Diagnosis of sex steroid excess or hyperadrenocorticism in dogs may be challenging. Unlike Cushing's disease, sex steroid excess may have a multitude of manifestations that differ from standard hyperadrenocorticism. In particular, the clinical scenario of a dog with sex steroid imbalance involves one of three systems: dermatologic, reproductive, or hepatic. The history of a dog with hyperadrenocorticism manifesting as sex steroid imbalance often lacks the classical clinical signs of polydipsia and polyuria. Dogs with sex steroid imbalance will often be of specific breeds such as miniature poodles and exhibit trunkal hair loss as the only sign. There is often involvement of the reproductive system, manifested as the growth of perianal adenomas in neutered male or female dogs. The most common laboratory findings consist of elevations in serum alkaline phosphatase and serum alanine transferase. The following article reviews the etiology, common signalment, clinical signs, and laboratory findings associated with atypical hyperadrenocorticism caused by sex steroid imbalance and then explores the medical, surgical, and radiation treatment options.
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PMID:Hyperadrenocorticism associated with sex steroid excess. 1754 92

Postoperative changes in endocrinological status and serum chemistry during the 4 years after transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) in 25 dogs with Cushing's disease were investigated in a prospective study. In all 25 dogs, Cushing's disease was diagnosed from resected pituitary tissues as a corticotroph adenoma in the anterior lobe of the pituitary. Prior to TSS, all 25 dogs showed hypercortisolemia. After TSS, the ACTH stimulation test showed continued low serum cortisol concentrations in 21 dogs (84%). In addition, the serum thyroid stimulating hormone concentrations decreased sequentially, while the serum T4 concentrations tended to increase due to the postoperative hormone substitution therapy utilized to avoid secondary hypothyroidism. In regard to serum chemistry, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and total cholesterol are commonly increased in canine Cushing's disease. In this study, ALP, ALT and total cholesterol were increased in 23 cases (92%), 19 cases (76%) and 20 cases (80%), respectively. However, postoperatively, these concentrations gradually decreased. The postoperative serum concentrations of ALP at 1 year, that of ALT at six months to 2 years and that of total cholesterol over the course of the 4 years decreased significantly compared with the concentrations before TSS. These results show that TSS is an effective treatment for canine Cushing's disease and for long-term improvement of hypercortisolemia. Moreover, TSS is effective in improvement of hypercortisolism, such as increased concentrations of serum ALP, ALT and total cholesterol.
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PMID:Efficacy of transsphenoidal surgery on endocrinological status and serum chemistry parameters in dogs with Cushing's disease. 1999 57