Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
 47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

With the purpose of determining the long and short term changes in serum enzyme activities after a marathon race, a survey involving nine healthy male runners was carried out. A basal blood sample was extracted from each 24 hours prior to the race and three further extractions were made immediately after the race, as well as at 1 and a final 24 h after the end of the race. In the enzymes of preferably hepatic origin--alkaline phosphatase (AP), ganna-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT)--scanty modifications were found and these could be related to the changes observed in the plasma volume. Enzymes such as aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), which are widely distributed in the tissues, were found to have undergone more marked variations and these could not be related to the changes in the volume of the plasma, while in enzymes of muscular origin such as aldolase (ALD), creatine kinase (CK) and its cardiac isoenzyme (CK-MB), notable increases were observed due to the muscular injury suffered. The greatest example of this was the increase found in total CK 24 h after the end of the marathon (414.6%). The high serum percentages found in CK-MB in these endurance-trained runners in relation to total CK activity should be carefully assessed in order to avoid false diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction.
 ...
PMID:Serum enzymes activities at rest and after a marathon race. 143 88

In this two-step automated assay of the MB isoenzyme of creatine kinase (CK-MB), developed for the Abbott "IMx" immunoassay analyzer, monoclonal anti-CK-MB antibody immobilized onto latex microparticles and polyclonal anti-CK-MM antibody coupled to alkaline phosphatase are used. Within-run CVs ranged from 3.9% to 9.0%, between-run CVs from 0.0% to 5.6%, and the sensitivity was 0.2 microgram/L. Twenty-four results can be obtained in about 37 min. Analytical recovery of CK-MB added to human serum or plasma ranged from 89% to 109%. Icteric, lipemic, or hemolyzed samples did not interfere with CK-MB recovery. Cross-reactivity with CK-MM and CK-BB was 0.012% and 0.001%, respectively. The normal reference interval was 0-5 micrograms/L. IMx CK-MB results correlated well with CK-MB enzyme activity as determined by electrophoresis (n = 203; r = 0.97; slope = 0.90; y-intercept = -4.29) and with commercial immunoassays. We think that this assay will be useful for confirmation of acute myocardial infarction, both in critical-care units and in the clinical laboratory.
 ...
PMID:Quantifying the MB isoenzyme of creatine kinase with the Abbott "IMx" immunoassay analyzer. 240 43

The relation between coronary patency after infusion of recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA) and clinical and laboratory findings was assessed in patients with acute myocardial infarction. This study focused primarily on information available early in the hospitalization phase. Data were available for 243 patients who received the full dose of rt-PA and who had assessable coronary angiograms 90 min after the start of the intravenous infusion. The infarct-related vessel was scored by an independent assessment committee as being patent in 65% of patients. The left anterior descending coronary artery was involved in 53% of patients, and proximal localization of the infarct-related vessel occurred in 65%. In the majority of patients (85%), the infusion was started within 4 h of the acute event. Neither the angiographic location of the infarct-related vessel nor electrocardiographic evidence of infarct severity or location appeared to have a bearing on thrombolysis with rt-PA. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified three independent predictors of coronary patency: hematocrit 43 to 47%, blood plasminogen level greater than or equal to 90% of normal and serum alkaline phosphatase greater than or equal to 82% of the local upper normal limit. In addition, the use of intravenous nitrates suggests a positive association with patency.
 ...
PMID:Coronary patency after intravenous infusion of recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator in acute myocardial infarction. 312 50

A rapid selective method for measuring the activity of lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme LD-1 in serum by using 1,6-hexanediol as an inhibitor of the M-subunit was developed. Hexanediol was added to serum at a final concentration of 0.7 mol/l. After incubation at 30 degrees C for 15 min, the activity was measured with an automatic analyser. The inter-assay coefficient of variation was 6.9% for the lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme LD-1 measurement. The results obtained from the sera of 100 patients analysed by the proposed selective method and by the conventional electrophoretic method, respectively, showed an excellent correlation. This selective method was used to determine the lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme LD-1 activity of sera from patients with acute myocardial infarction, and the results were correlated well with those obtained by the immunological, Roch Isomune method. Addition of 1,6-hexanediol did not affect the measurement of activities of other enzymes such as alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase.
 ...
PMID:Selective determination of lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme 1 in serum after inhibition by 1,6-hexanediol. 369 31

Cardiac rupture occurs in 10 per cent of patients who die with acute myocardial infarction, but the pathogenesis remains unclear. Twenty randomly selected patients with cardiac rupture were reviewed retrospectively at autopsy, and the findings were compared with those of 20 age- and sex-matched control subjects who had died of acute transmural myocardial infarction without rupture. The times from the onset of chest pain to death were similar in the two groups (5.7 +/- 5.8 days for patients with rupture versus 4.2 +/- 4.9 days for control subjects), and there were no differences in the incidences of systemic hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, history of myocardial infarction, or angina pectoris. The severity of coronary atherosclerosis was different in the two groups, with 55 per cent of the patients with cardiac rupture having single-vessel disease and 70 per cent of the patients without cardiac rupture having disease in three vessels. Additionally, the incidence of thrombosis was greater in patients with cardiac rupture than in those without. The inflammatory cell response in each patient was quantitated microscopically (number and type of leukocytes) in ten high-power fields. The inflammatory response was greater in patients with cardiac rupture. The number of eosinophils in the inflammatory response was significantly (P less than 0.01) greater in hearts associated with cardiac rupture (29.5 +/- 4 per cent) than in control hearts (11.7 +/- 3.1 per cent). It is postulated that eosinophils rich in arylsulfatase B, peroxidase, glucuronidase, beta-glycerophosphatase, major basic protein, and eosinophilic cationic protein may further weaken the necrotic myocardium and, in part, determine whether acute myocardial infarction will eventually result in cardiac rupture.
 ...
PMID:Association of eosinophils with cardiac rupture. 399 34

Sixty-four patients over the age of 40 years, undergoing elective surgery of at least one hour's duration, were randomized to treatment with either a thromboembolic deterrent ( TED ) stocking (Kendall Co.) or subcutaneous low-dose heparin 5 000 IU every 12 hours. Serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (S-ALAT), aspartate aminotransferase (S-ASAT), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (S-gamma-GT) and alkaline phosphatase (S-ALP) were measured. S-ALAT increased significantly on the 5th and 10th postoperative day, from 27 +/- 2 (x +/- SE) to 40 +/- 4 (p less than 0.01) and 55 +/- 7 U/l (p less than 0.001), respectively, in the heparin group and was significantly higher in the heparin than in the TED group both on the 5th (p less than 0.01) and 10th (p less than 0.05) postoperative day. S-ASAT and S-gamma-GT increased significantly during heparin treatment, but did not differ significantly from the values of the TED group. No change in S-ALP was registered in either group. It is concluded that prophylactic treatment with low-dose heparin induces a significant increase in S-aminotransferase levels, especially in S-ALAT. The phenomenon has profound differential diagnostic implications in conditions such as pulmonary embolism and acute myocardial infarction.
 ...
PMID:Heparin-induced increase in serum levels of aminotranferases. A controlled clinical trial. 637 73

To identify elements participating in the process of transformation, a bank of genetically altered mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae with defects in exported proteins was assessed for a decrease in transformation efficiency. One mutant consistently transformed 10-fold less than the parent strain. Sequence analysis and reconstitution of the altered locus revealed a gene, plpA (permease-like protein), which encodes a putative substrate-binding protein belonging to the family of bacterial permeases responsible for peptide transport. The derived amino acid sequence for this gene was 80% similar to AmiA, a peptide-binding protein homologue from pneumococcus, and 50% similar over 230 amino acids to Spo0KA which is a regulatory element in the process of transformation and sporulation in Bacillus subtilis. PlpA fusions to alkaline phosphatase (PhoA) were shown to be membrane associated and labelled with [3H]-palmitic acid, which probably serves as a membrane anchor. Experiments designed to define the roles of the plpA and ami determinants in the process of transformation showed that: (i) mutants with defects in plpA were > 90% transformation deficient while ami mutants exhibited up to a fourfold increase in transformation efficiency; (ii) compared to the parental strain, the onset of competence in an ami mutant occurred earlier in logarithmic growth, whereas the onset was delayed in a plpA mutant; and (iii) the plpA mutation decreases the expression of a competence-regulated locus. Since the permease mutants would fail to bind specific ligands, it seems likely that the substrate-permease interaction modulates the process of transformation.
 ...
PMID:Peptide permeases modulate transformation in Streptococcus pneumoniae. 752 29

An automated fluorometric enzyme immunoassay system for the determination of serum myoglobin has been recently developed. This method is based on the sandwich immunoassay and uses two mouse monoclonal antimyoglobin antibodies; the first one is complexed onto glass fiber paper and the second is conjugated to an enzyme alkaline phosphatase which reacts with the substrate 4-methylumbelliferyl phosphate to generate a fluorescent product. Using a dedicated automated apparatus the time to the first result is eight minutes, with additional values being produced at one-minute intervals (about 50 samples/hour). We compared the analytical performance of this fluorometric enzyme immunoassay with that of a RIA set up in our laboratory for the routine assay of serum myoglobin. The automated fluorometric enzyme immunoassay showed lower between-assay variability (CV = 4.7% vs 13.8%) and higher sensitivity (0.3 ng/mL vs 7.2 ng/mL) than the manual RIA. Moreover, the two immunoassays gave similar results when serum samples of normal subjects and patients with coronary artery disease with or without acute myocardial infarction (AMI) were assayed (fluorometric immunoassay = -0.7 + 0.851 RIA, r = 0.991, n = 137). In conclusion, the automated fluorometric enzyme immunoassay tested in the present study produces reliable clinical results with a rapid turnaround time and therefore can be recommended for use in the early detection of AMI in a laboratory of Coronary Care Unit.
 ...
PMID:Performance of a fully automated fluorometric enzyme immunoassay for serum myoglobin measurement. 837 38

An immunosensor was developed that allows the rapid estimation of fatty acid-binding protein (FABP) in neat plasma samples. FABP is released into the blood following myocardial infarction and elevated levels are found already 3 h after onset of symptoms. The sensor is based on screen-printed graphite working and Ag/AgCl reference electrodes and an immunosandwich procedure for the quantification of FABP. The capture antibodies are bound to the electrode surface by adsorption and will trap FABP from the plasma sample. The sandwich is then completed by a second monoclonal antibody conjugated with alkaline phosphatase. The enzyme converts p-aminophenylphosphate to p-aminophenol, which is detected amperometrically at +350 mV. The high binding capacity and very short response time of the working electrode allow within 20 min the quantification of FABP in the measuring range 10-350 ng/ml, covering the pathological range of FABP release into the circulation. Measurements of plasma samples from a patient with acute myocardial infarction show an excellent correlation of the results obtained with the biosensor and those obtained with the respective reference ELISA. Owing to the long stability of the electrodes with immobilized capture antibody (> 3 months) a quick application without the need of labour-intensive electrode preparation is possible.
 ...
PMID:An immunosensor based on disposable electrodes for rapid estimation of fatty acid-binding protein, an early marker of myocardial infarction. 945

The patients with chronic congestive heart failure and acute deterioration of heart failure (pulmonary oedema, significant reduction of blood pressure) have decrease liver's perfusion with signs of acute damage of liver's cells--ischemic hepatitis. Aspat, AIAT and LDH in blood rich very high level. The level of bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase and glucose increase slightly. Hepatotoxic viruses are never observed. The authors described a case of 34 years old man, who two years earlier had large myocardial infarction with aneurysm of heart and congestive heart failure. He was admitted to hospital in shock. The shock was caused probably by overdose of nitroglycerin. In ECG and Echo examinations he had no signs of acute myocardial infarction, but we observed serious damage of liver's cells with very high levels of AspAT, AIAT and LDH. Based on clinical and biochemical examinations we diagnosed ischemic hepatitis. The patient's clinical and biochemical tests were normalized after improvement of heart failure. Biopsy of liver was normal at that time. Prognosis in ischemic hepatitis depends on course of heart failure.
 ...
PMID:[Ischemic hepatitis]. 952 68


1 2 Next >>