Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
 47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The following 10 enzymes were assayed in 187 amniotic fluid and maternal serum samples at 15-42 weeks of gestation: alkaline phosphatase, heat-stable alkaline phosphatase (only in amniotic fluid), acid phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alpha-amylase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, and lysozyme. The normal reference ranges are reported for amniotic fluid and maternal serum enzymes, together with the abnormal values accompanying neural tube defects and EPH-gestosis. The determination of gamma-glutamyltransferase, heat-stable alkaline phosphatase and creatine kinase was found to be of appreciable diagnostic significance in clinical practice.
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PMID:Variation in some enzymes in amniotic fluid and maternal serum during pregnancy. 256 24

In this work the presence of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), leucine amino-peptidase (LAP) and alkaline phosphatase (AP) is shown in human tear fluid. We studied these levels according to sex, age and some eye refraction defects. The differences between the levels for both sexes are not significant. LAP and AP do not show any differences in either age groups or individuals with some refraction defects. The average level of GGT is higher from 40 years of age upwards (p less than 0.005). In individuals with refraction defects, the enzymatic activity is significantly higher (p less than 0.05) than the activities found in normal subjects. The levels of the three enzymes in serum and tear fluid do not show a significant correlation nor are they significantly modified after the samples have been frozen for a month at -20 degrees C.
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PMID:Activity of the gamma-glutamyltransferase, leucine aminopeptidase and alkaline phosphatase enzymes in human tear fluid. 256 26

The activities in serum of alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, glutamate dehydrogenase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase and cholinesterase were compared after complete biliary obstruction (CBO) and choledochocaval fistula (CCF) in the rat. CCF was used as a model of complete biliary retention without bile stasis and without increased pressure in the biliary tract. The increases in AP, GLDH and gamma-GT within 24-h post-op. show no difference between the two experimental groups. The conclusion is that the retention of biliary constituents alone is responsible for the increase in the levels of serum activity and that other conditions like bile stasis and increased pressure in the biliary tract do not play an important role in the pathogenesis of these alterations. The rise of GPT activity in CCF is of a lesser degree than in CBO.
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PMID:The serum activities of AP, gamma-GT, GLDH, GPT and CHE after complete biliary obstruction and choledochocaval fistula in the rat. 256 1

This study provides original data on human fetal kidney developing during the 13th to 18th week of gestation. The parameters evaluated were DNA synthesis and the activities of 5 hydrolases which are considered as good markers of the brush border membrane differentiation. The conclusions are that DNA synthesis decreased slightly from the 16th to 18th week. The activities of maltase, trehalase, alkaline phosphatase and leucylnapthylamidase remained nearly stable during the studied period. Only the gamma-glutamyltransferase activity decreased significantly between the 15th and 16th week, then it returned close to the 13th week value. The current results suggest that during the 13-18 week period of gestation, cell proliferation is slowed down while maturation of some enzymic activities of the brush border are not importantly modified. The present basic data might be used as reference standards by investigators in the field of human nephrogenesis.
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PMID:Developmental profile of DNA synthesis and hydrolase activities in human fetal kidney. 257 62

The effects of sodium cyclobutyrate, a synthetic hydrocholeretic drug, on biliary lipid secretion and on the biliary outputs of several plasma-membrane enzymes were investigated in anaesthetized rats. Administration of a single oral dose of cyclobutyrol (0.72 mmol/kg body wt.) reduced biliary concentration and output of cholesterol and phospholipid. However, bile acid secretion was not significantly modified. This uncoupling effect of lipid secretion remained even when the choleretic response to the drug had ceased. It additionally led to a statistically significant decrease in the cholesterol/bile acid and phospholipid/bile acid molar ratios and in the lithogenic index of the bile. The biliary outputs of the plasma-membrane enzymes alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyltransferase were markedly reduced by the drug. When cyclobutyrol was administered to rats which had been previously fed with a high-cholesterol diet, the effects of cyclobutyrol persisted, but were less marked. Our results demonstrate that the bile acid-independent choleresis induced by cyclobutyrol (related to its pharmacokinetic effect) is accompanied by a pharmacodynamic action that selectively reduces the secretion of biliary lipids. This is due to an uncoupling of the secretion of cholesterol and phospholipids from that of bile acids. Possible explanations for the biliary response to cyclobutyrol are discussed.
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PMID:Inhibition of biliary cholesterol and phospholipid secretion during cyclobutyrol-induced hydrocholeresis. 257 69

The reference values for gamma-glutamyltransferase (GT), aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) and alkaline phosphatase (AFOS) activities in serum have been produced on the basis of measurements done in the Mini-Finland Health Survey. A representative sample of all Finns aged 30 years or over comprised 8000 persons, of whom 99.2% participated in the actual health survey. Every effort was made to obtain reference values for the healthy ambulatory population. Three separate health-derived selection criteria were used to obtain such reference values for the above-mentioned enzymes: those based on the available literature, with minor modifications, the recommendations published by the Committee on Reference Values of the Scandinavian Society for Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Physiology, criteria that were obtained after subgroup comparisons of the obtained data, where all the factors affecting the enzyme levels were identified. The recommendations of the Expert Panel on Theory of Reference Values (1987) were strictly adhered to in the statistical analyses. The distribution of the serum activity of GT was very skewed. The overall intervals for men and women were 5.1-1460 and 4.7-748 U/l, respectively. The frequency distributions could be transformed to the normal ones logarithmically. The 95% inner reference intervals for GT in the three groups were 7-76, 7-65, and 8-57 U/l for men and 6-35, 6-30 and 6-32 U/l for women, respectively. For ASAT the full intervals of the enzyme levels in serum were 2.6-770 U/l for men and 8.3-172 U/l for women. After logarithmic transformation the respective reference intervals in the three selection groups were 14-42, 14-40 and 13-39 U/l for men and 13-33, 12-31 and 13-33 U/l for women. The full intervals of AFOS were 47.5-2755 and 5.4-816 U/l for men and women, respectively; after the logarithmic transformation the reference intervals of the three selection groups were 98-267, 97-254 and 97-264 U/l for men and 77-265, 75-231 and 75-250 U/l for women, respectively.
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PMID:Health-based reference values of the Mini-Finland Health Survey: 1. Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase. 257 84

The present study was undertaken to investigate the in vitro effects of two cholecalciferol metabolites 1,25(OH)2CC and 24,25(OH)2CC on the renal cortex alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and acid phosphatase (ACP) activities in hypophysectomized rats. We found that both 1,25-CC and 24,25-CC stimulated ALP and GGT. An additive effect was obtained on ALP and GGT after incubation with one with the other metabolites. When 1,25-CC was used alone, it increased ACP; in presence of 24,25-CC, this stimulating effect disappeared. In the rat, together 1,25-CC and 24,25-CC correct in vitro ALP and GGT activities decreased by hypophysectomy. Physiological signification of these effects remains again unknown.
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PMID:[In vitro stimulation of alkaline phosphatase and gamma- glutamyltransferase in the kidney of hypophysectomized rat by the mixture of 1,25 and 24,25 dihydroxycholecalciferols]. 257 35

The biochemical hepatic profile analysis was performed in 252 neonatal Holstein-Friesian calves, aged from 1 to 10 days. The activities of glutamic oxalacetic transaminase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase, alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyltransferase as well as beta-glucuronidase were estimated in blood serum and in faeces. A significant decrease in glutamic oxalacetic and glutamic pyruvic transaminase, alkaline phosphatase as well as gamma-glutamyltransferase was observed in the blood serum while in the faeces the peak of activity took place between 4-5 days for beta-glucuronidase and glutamic pyruvic transaminase and 7-8 days for glutamic oxalacetic transaminase, alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyltransferase. No significant relation was found between activities of the examined enzymes in blood serum and faeces. Determination of GOT and GPT, AP, GGTP in serum may be used to describe liver function in neonatal calves. No changes in total bilirubin and total protein levels in blood serum and faeces were observed during the first 10 days of calf life.
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PMID:[Biochemical profile of the liver of calves aged 1 to 10 days]. 257 37

Methodical analysis of glutamic oxalacetic transaminase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase, alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyltransferase activity in calves faeces was performed. The faeces from both healthy and diarrheic Holstein-Friesian calves, aged from 1 to 10 days, were used. For each enzyme the repetition and representativity of single determination was examined respectively in soft and dry matter. The results of our analysis show that normal enzymatic methods may be used for the determination of glutamic oxalacetic and glutamic pyruvic transaminases as well as gamma-glutamyltransferase. Further investigation methods are needed for determination of alkaline phosphatase activity in faeces.
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PMID:[Usefulness of selected enzymatic methods for coprological examination of calves]. 257 38

Serum levels of F protein, a 44 kD cytoplasmic protein mainly found in hepatocytes, became elevated during episodes of graft dysfunction following orthotopic liver transplantation. In a study of 27 liver transplant recipients, the rise in F protein did not precede rises in the other conventional biochemical indices of hepatic dysfunction. Serum F protein concentration significantly correlated with serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and bilirubin (all P less than 0.001) and also with the prothrombin time (P = 0.048). Despite its high concentration in liver cells, this marker does not provide any additional benefit in the diagnosis of graft dysfunction or in monitoring liver allograft function following transplantation.
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PMID:Serum F protein estimation in liver allograft recipients with graft dysfunction. 259 89


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