Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

---

Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

For assessing the risk of adverse complications of surgery the group of 130 patients with post-operational hypoparathyroidism was analysed. Surgical hypoparathyroidism has been diagnosed in 51% of operated on thyroid gland patients. Laryngeal nerves have been damaged in 46.6% of patients. The injury to laryngeal nerves has been irreversible in 2/3 of patients, and reversible in the remaining 1/3. Cataract, nephrolithiasis and vitamin D3 intoxication have been observed in some cases before surgery. Their incidence increased in severe surgical hypoparathyroidism. Osteoporosis of the spine has been diagnosed in 49% of patients including some with vertebral fractures. No correlation between the degree of spine osteoporosis and diagnosis before surgery, number of operations on thyroid gland, and type of therapy has been noted. The symptoms of hypercalcemia have been diagnosed in 5 patients out of which hypercalcemia has been transient in 2 patients, and lasted for 1-5 months in the remaining 3 patients. The results of 7,873 analyses of mineral metabolism have been assessed. Hypocalcemia has been found in 38.4%, hypercalcemia in 1.6%, hypomagnesemia in 25.7%, hyperphosphatemia in 41.5%, decreased alkaline phosphatase serum activity in 28.7%, and hypercalciuria in 22.4% of cases. Surgical hypoparathyroidism is frequently accompanied by surgical hypothyroidism and injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerves.
...
PMID:[Postoperative hypoparathyroidism: risk of complications]. 166 68

We evaluated the incidence of hypo- versus hypercalcemia and hypo- versus hyperphosphatemia in a survey of 158 patients with malignancy; 55/158 had bone metastases. When serum calcium levels were corrected for albuminemia, the incidence of hypo- and hypercalcemia was respectively 10.8% and 10.1%. Hypophosphatemia was found in 29.7% patients, hyperphosphatemia in 2.5%. The incidence was slightly different in presence of bone metastases. Hypocalcemia and hypophosphatemia prevailed in osteoblastic metastases and hypercalcemia in osteolytic metastases. The incidence of hypocalcemia and hypophosphatemia in malignancy was therefore surprisingly high, even apart from the presence of bone metastases. Both hypo- and hypercalcemia were associated with elevated serum alkaline phosphatase levels. Moreover, a calcium-phosphorus product reduction was observed in osteoblastic metastases, suggesting a condition of secondary hyperparathyroidism.
...
PMID:A hospital survey of hypocalcemia and hypophosphatemia in malignancy. 174 50

The respiratory, renal, hematologic, and serum biochemical effects of hypertonic saline solution (HSS) treatment were examined in 12 endotoxic, pentobarbital-anesthetized calves (8 to 20 days old). Escherichia coli endotoxin (055:B5) was infused IV at a rate of 0.1 microgram/kg of body weight over 30 minutes. Endotoxin induced severe respiratory effects, with marked hypoxemia and increases in arterial-alveolar O2 gradient (P[A-a]O2), physiologic shunt fraction (Qs/Qt), and physiologic dead space to tidal volume ratio (Vd/Vt). Oxygen consumption was decreased, despite an increase in the systemic O2 extraction ratio. Peak effects were observed at the end of endotoxin infusion. The renal response to endotoxemia was characterized by a decrease in free-water reabsorption and osmotic clearance, as well as a decrease in sodium and phosphorus excretion. Endotoxemia induced leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, hyperphosphatemia, hypoglycemia, acidemia, and increased serum alkaline phosphatase concentrations. Calves were treated with HSS (2,400 mosm/L of NaCl, 4 ml/kg, n = 4) or an equivalent sodium load of isotonic saline solution (ISS; 300 mosm/L of NaCl, 32 ml/kg, n = 4 90 minutes after the end of endotoxin administration. Both solutions were infused over a 4- to 6-minute period. A control group (n = 4) was not treated. Infusion of HSS or ISS failed to induce a significant change in Pao2, P(A-a)O2, (Qs/Qt), (Vd/Vt), or oxygen consumption. Both solutions increased systemic oxygen delivery to above pre-endotoxin values. Hypertonic saline infusion induced significant (P less than 0.05) increases in serum Na and Cl concentrations and osmolality, whereas ISS induced a significant increase in serum Cl concentration and a significant decrease in serum phosphorus concentration.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
...
PMID:Respiratory, renal, hematologic, and serum biochemical effects of hypertonic saline solution in endotoxemic calves. 189 79

Vitamin D3 administered to patients with postoperative hypoparathyroidism increases calcium absorption from the gut and calcium blood levels but leads to hypercalciuria and may produce renal lithiasis. Thiazides decrease calcium excretion with the urine. Therefore, an effect of combined therapy with hydrochlorothiazide, vitamin D3 and calcium on hypoparathyroidism was investigated. Twenty one women were selected out of 135 patients with postoperative hypoparathyroidism. These women were constantly given vitamin D3 (30,000-225,000 IU daily) and calcium. Normocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia and hypercalciuria were noted before the treatment with hydrochlorothiazide. Therapy normalized hypercalciuria but did not change mean differences in calcemia, phosphatemia, magnesemia, blood alkaline phosphatase and phosphates and magnesium clearance factors. Hypercalcemia and necessity to withdraw hydrochlorothiazide together with change of either doses or preparation of vitamin D3 were noted in three patients, including one patient in whom both hypercalcemia and hypercalciuria with the symptoms of vitamin D3 poisoning were observed. The author suggests that combined therapy with hydrochlorothiazide, vitamin D3 and calcium prevents hypercalciuria but may require changes in vitamin D3 dosage and withdrawal of hydrochlorothiazide in some patients.
...
PMID:[Effect of hydrochlorothiazide on calcium metabolism in postoperative hypoparathyroidism]. 196 53

Twelve patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) were studied in order to evaluate the progression of renal osteodystrophy (ROD). All patients received doses of 0.01-0.02 microgram/kg of 1 alpha vitamin D3 (1 alpha-D3) and 0.1-0.15 g/kg of calcium carbonate for 12-18 months. Serum total protein, total calcium (Ca), creatinine, inorganic phosphate, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and n-terminal parathyroid hormone were measured regularly. The radiological bone appearance for ROD or rickets and the height standard deviation score were compared between the outset and the end of this study. An increase of Ca values and a decrease of ALP values correlated with a suppression of hyperparathyroidism, and the hyperphosphatemia was controlled in the majority of our patients throughout this study. Two patients had ROD and rickets at the outset of this study, and all patients but one had neither ROD nor rickets at the end of this study. Growth retardation improved or remained stable in 10 patients. Our results indicate that adequate doses of 1 alpha-D3 and calcium carbonate are effective in the prevention of ROD and rickets in patients on CAPD.
...
PMID:Renal osteodystrophy in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. 210 88

Renal osteodystrophy is multifactorial. Decreased calcium absorption from the GI tract, secondary to low calcitriol levels; hyperphosphatemia; skeletal resistance to the action of parathormone; and aluminum deposition on the surface of the bones are its main pathogenetic mechanisms. Its biochemical features include abnormalities in serum calcium, phosphate, alkaline phosphatase, parathormone, calcitriol, and aluminum concentration. Radiographic methods are of little use in the characterization of the type of osteodystrophy present, but they may be of help in assessing mineral loss from the skeleton. Clinical manifestations are from bones (pain, deformities, fractures) or from metastatic calcifications. Bone biopsy is the definitive means of diagnosis. The main histologic types of osteodystrophy include osteitis fibrosa, osteomalacia, mixed form (with features of both osteitis fibrosa and osteomalacia), and aluminum osteodystrophy (presenting as either osteomalacia or aplastic lesion). The management of renal osteodystrophy should address all the pathogenetic mechanisms. Correction of the abnormalities in calcium and phosphate metabolism and prevention of aluminum osteodystrophy are the cardinal rules of management. Specific measures (parathyroidectomy, chelation of aluminum) have clear-cut indications and usually require a bone biopsy.
...
PMID:Diagnosis and management of bone disorders in chronic renal failure and dialyzed patients. 219 65

Twenty obligate carriers of infantile hypophosphatasia (HOPS), a severe autosomal recessive metabolic bone disorder, were studied and compared with 36 controls. Decreased serum alkaline phosphatase activity and increased urinary phosphoethanolamine excretion were confirmed in the HOPS carriers. Relative hyperphosphatemia was documented for the first time in the carriers. Logistic regression analysis was used to develop models for the diagnosis of and screening for HOPS carriers in the high-risk population of Manitoba Mennonites. Models based on serum alkaline phosphatase activity and on serum phosphate levels with or without urinary phosphoethanolamine excretion were used for diagnostic purposes. A model based on serum alkaline phosphatase activity and on the serum phosphate level was the most suitable for screening.
...
PMID:Hyperphosphatemia in infantile hypophosphatasia: implications for carrier diagnosis and screening. 230 98

Measured levels of serum calcium, phosphate, alkaline phosphatase, and urinary hydroxyproline were measured and calcium-phosphate product was calculated in 20 hyperthyroid patients and 20 normal controls. Eleven of the patients took propranolol 160 mg per day for 28 days. We found that the serum level of calcium was higher than that of normal controls. The incidence of hypercalcaemia in hyperthyroid patients was 10%. The serum level of phosphate and the calcium-phosphate product increased (P less than 0.01). Elevation of alkaline phosphatase and bone alkaline phosphatase were also observed (P less than 0.01). The urinary hydroxyproline was also elevated (P less than 0.01). After treatment with propranolol serum calcium and triiodothyronine decreased (P less than 0.05). It is suggested that the major mechanism of hypercalcaemia and hyperphosphatemia in hyperthyroidism was increase of bone absorption stimulated by triiodothyronine. Propranolol decreased the serum level of calcium through decreasing triiodothyronine level and through beta-receptor blocking effect as well as its direct effect on bone.
...
PMID:[Hypercalcemia and hyperphosphatemia in thyrotoxoicosis and the therapeutic effect of propranolol]. 263 74

The authors determined total alkaline phosphatase activity as well as the activity of placental, bone marrow and liver isoenzymes in sera of 185 pregnant women with normal pregnancy, divided, into 6 groups according to their gestational age (from 20 to 40 weeks' gestation). It was established an increase of bone marrow and placental isoenzymes of alkaline phosphatase parallel to an increase of gestational age, while the values of liver isoenzyme were comparatively constant, with the exception at 34-36 weeks' gestation when was elevated. Inferences are made for the origin of hyperphosphatemia during pregnancy.
...
PMID:[Alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme activity in the serum of women during the second half of pregnancy]. 276 44

Tumoral calcinosis manifests soft-tissue calcification, usually near major joints. It variably includes hyperphosphatemia, elevated 1,25-dihydroxycalciferol, and an affected sibling. Serum calcium, alkaline phosphatase, and parathyroid hormone are normal. Tumoral calcinosis of the head and neck is very rare, but this diagnosis should be considered when x-ray film of a poorly defined mass shows irregular soft-tissue calcification.
...
PMID:Tumoral calcinosis in the neck. 311 88


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>

---