Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
 47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have developed an animal model to study the pathogenesis of secondary hyperparathyroidism by inducing stable uremia in Sprague-Dawley rats by selective microligation of terminal branches of the left renal artery, followed by right nephrectomy. After 4 weeks the animals were killed, the parathyroid glands were removed and weighed, and blood samples were obtained. Of 30 rats, uremia developed in 22 (73%; uremic group) and eight (27%) died or did not become uremic. A sham-operated group of 15 rats served as control (control group). Creatinine levels were 1.8 +/- 0.5 mg/dl in the uremic group versus 0.5 +/- 0.1 mg/dl in the control group (p less than 0.0001). Parathyroid glands were hyperplastic in all rats with uremia and were heavier than parathyroid glands of control animals (70.3 +/- 26 vs 19.1 +/- 8 micrograms; p less than 0.0001). In the group with uremia, parathyroid hormone levels were increased over those of the control group (112.6 +/- 13 vs 28.9 +/- 6.2 pg/ml; p less than 0.0001), whereas osteocalcin levels were similar (36.6 +/- 11 vs 37.5 +/- 1 ng/ml). Serum calcium, phosphate, and alkaline phosphatase levels were similar in both groups. Our model can be used to test hypotheses concerning the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism and the relative pathogenetic relevance of vitamin D deficiency and phosphate retention.
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PMID:A new experimental model for secondary hyperparathyroidism. 258 5

The vitamin D and K deficiency was studied for its effect on creatine kinase, phosphorylase and alkaline phosphatase activity of rat kidneys and intestinal mucosa. The results show that creatine kinase and phosphorylase activity of kidneys varies depending on the content of these vitamins, e.g. it is activated with vitamin D depletion irrespective of the vitamin K status and remains unchanged with the deficiency of vitamin K alone. In this case the vitamin D deficiency affects kidney phosphorylase and intestinal mucosa differently. Data obtained and those available in literature permit suggesting that the deficiency of the same vitamin may exert a different action on the activity of isoforms of such enzymes as creatine kinase and phosphorylase.
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PMID:[Activity of various enzymes of energy metabolism in the rat kidney and intestines in vitamin D and K deficiency]. 258 38

This report describes the case of a 60-year-old woman with severe metabolic bone disease and fractures due to vitamin D deficiency and hyperparathyroidism. 25OHDH3 and 1,25(OH)2D3 serum levels were undetectable and increased immediately following 25OHD3 oral administration. Serum 1,25(OH)2D3 following vitamin D repletion reached values above the normal range, and remained elevated with strict dependence on the serum 25OHD3 levels. Parathyroid hormone and alkaline phosphatase decreased during treatment, without reaching normality during 1 year of observation. Bone biopsies before and after 8-month 25OHD3 treatment showed disappearance of the osteomalacic and hyperparathyroid lesions. During treatment an increase in serum and urine calcium and formation of renal stones were observed. The patient underwent neck exploration with the finding and removal of a lipoadenoma, a rare parathyroid tumor, followed by complete and permanent remission of the disease. In conclusion, this case is suggestive of the key role played by the long-term vitamin D status in the clinical expression of primary hyperparathyroidism.
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PMID:Severe vitamin D deficiency in a case of primary hyperparathyroidism caused by parathyroid lipoadenoma, effect of 25OHD3 treatment. 261 20

The present study was an attempt to assess the cause of persistent pain in lower limbs among children from Kashmir. The study was conducted on one hundred children attending Paediatric out-patient department of Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar. All the children were in the age group of 5 to 14 years. They showed markedly raised levels of serum alkaline phosphatase, whereas serum phosphorus, serum calcium levels and antistreptolycin O-titres were normal in 93% cases. None of them had any rheumatic or rheumatoid pathology. Among 15 suspected clinical rickets only three were established radiologically. Dietary and socio-economic history revealed deficient vitamin D intake and less exposure to sun. It was hypothesized that sub-clinical vitamin D deficiency could be a major cause of persistent pain in lower limbs and raised serum alkaline phosphatase could be the earliest marker of vitamin D deficiency. It was confirmed by injecting single dose of vitamin D (3 lac I. U.) which relieved bone pain and lowered the levels of serum alkaline phosphatase to normal within 14 weeks of initiation of therapy.
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PMID:Persistent limb pain and raised serum alkaline phosphatase the earliest markers of subclinical hypovitaminosis D in Kashmir. 262 Sep 72

In order to make evident an up to now only postulated generalized osteopathy in psoriatics in 24 patients with psoriasis and 24 patients with psoriatic arthritis the serum-calcium levels, the alkaline phosphatase in the serum and the excretion of hydroxyprolin in the urine were determined. Moreover, the bone bioptates of 25 patients with psoriatic arthritis and 10 patients with psoriasis were histologically examined and morphometrically measured, respectively. The examinations give evidence for the presence of a generalized "latent" osteopathy in the sense of an increased bone turnover rate without loss of bone volume (high turnover remodeling) in patients with psoriatic arthritis as well as in those with psoriasis without arthritis. As a common pathogenetically significant factor for dermatosis and osteopathy a latent vitamin D deficiency and a D-hormone resistance is discussed.
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PMID:[Psoriatic osteopathy]. 262 47

Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) levels were measured in 338 elderly patients admitted to the Geriatric Medicine Departments of a general hospital in Israel in the course of one year. The mean (+/- SD) serum 25-OHD levels were significantly lower (P less than .01) in the elderly patients (13.5 +/- 8.9 ng/mL) than in healthy young controls (24.7 +/- 6.1 ng/mL). One hundred ten patients (35.5%) were either vitamin D deficient (25-OHD less than 5 ng/mL) or had borderline serum levels of 25-OHD (5-9 ng/mL). The mean (+/- SD) serum 25-OHD concentration of patients who were completely mobile before hospitalization was 15.5 +/- 8.8 ng/mL (n = 239). In patients mainly immobilized but able to leave the house occasionally, it was 10.2 +/- 6.3 ng/mL (n = 84) and of bed-ridden patients, it was 5.2 +/- 3.2 ng/mL (n = 15). No correlation was found between serum 25-OHD levels and the patients' age or serum calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, and albumin values. Thus, in order to detect vitamin D deficiency in the elderly, it is necessary to measure serum 25-OHD concentration. The results demonstrate that vitamin D deficiency is common among elderly patients even in sunny climates and indicate the need for development of effective programs of prevention and treatment.
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PMID:Vitamin D deficiency in elderly patients in a general hospital. 273 76

There is a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the severely handicapped pediatric population. Because many of these patients have growth deficiencies, they may not demonstrate wide growth plates commonly seen with vitamin D deficiency. There is also a high prevalence of anticonvulsant use in these patients, and its exact impact is not clear because of the variety of its effects and presentations. Calcium, phosphate, and alkaline phosphatase are not useful as indicators of vitamin D deficiency, and vitamin D metabolites must be measured directly. Patients with low vitamin D levels respond to treatment, including nutritional support and added sunlight exposure. The overall nutritional status of this population may be reflected in their metabolic bone disease and small stature.
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PMID:Disorders of bone metabolism in severely handicapped children and young adults. 275 32

Intact PTH was elevated in 38/40 Asians with reduced serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] including seven patients with normal serum calcium, phosphate and alkaline phosphatase. Changes in intact PTH were disproportionately greater than for other biochemical parameters, making it the most sensitive early indicator of deranged calcium homeostasis in vitamin D deficiency.
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PMID:Is intact PTH a sensitive biochemical indicator of deranged calcium homeostasis in vitamin D deficiency? 278 85

The clinical, biochemical and radiological features of spontaneously occurring hypoparathyroidism in 13 patients (mean age 9 years, range 4 months to 20 years) are highlighted. Nine patients presented with a history of generalised seizures and 2 were in acute hypocalcemic crisis at the time of admission. Ocular involvement (corneal opacities, cataract) was present in 3 patients and vitiligo in 1 patient. The serum calcium level was low (mean 5.46 mg/dl, range 5.0-7.2) and serum phosphorus level was high (mean 8.49 mg/dl, range 6-14 mg/dl) in all the patients. Six patients had elevated serum alkaline phosphatase (greater than 20 KAU). Radiological examination revealed osteopenia in 3 patients. Nine patients underwent a head CT scan; 5 had evidence of basal ganglia calcification. The findings of elevated serum alkaline phosphatase and osteopenia are at variance with existing literature and may possibly reflect pre-existing vitamin D deficiency.
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PMID:Spontaneous hypoparathyroidism: clinical, biochemical and radiological features. 280 54

Serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25-(OH)D], calcium, phosphate and alkaline phosphatase activity were measured between December and July in 110 pregnant women during the last trimester of pregnancy, and in their infants on the fifth day of life. This study showed a fall, during spring, below 6 ng/ml, of the maternal 25-(OH)D concentration at the time of delivery, and a fall of the 25-(OH)D and calcium concentrations in newborns. The existence of a positive correlation between calcium and 25-(OH)D levels in the newborns suggests that the low calcium concentrations found in the infants born in spring is related to a vitamin D deficiency of the infant and therefore of the mother. The administration of a single low dose of vitamin D3 (100,000 I.U.) on the sixth or seventh month of pregnancy allowed to prevent the seasonal fall in serum calcium and 25-(OH)D concentrations. This dosage appears therefore to be sufficient to reduce the risk of vitamin D deficiency of the newborn and the occurrence of neonatal hypocalcemia.
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PMID:[Administration of a single dose of 100,000 U.I. of vitamin D3 in the pregnant woman in winter. The effect on blood calcium level of the newborn infant]. 285 85


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