Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

---

Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The pH, pCO2, and pO2 values and the concentrations of sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, chloride, phosphorus, bicarbonate, base excess, protein, glucose, as well as the activity of alkaline phosphatase and malate dehydrogenase were determined in the venous blood and uterine fluid of control and EDS'76 virus-infected fowl. Moreover, the pH of the mucosa of different parts of the oviduct was measured. Hens were examined in the period from 10 to 24 days following infection; blood and uterine fluid samples were collected approximately 14 hours after oviposition, provided a plumped egg was present in the uterus. Examination of blood and pH measurement of oviduct mucosa did not yield significant differences between infected and noninfected hens. In comparison with noninfected control birds, the mean sodium concentration of the uterine fluid of infected hens producing soft shelled or shell-less eggs had evidently increased, while the mean concentration of potassium, calcium, magnesium and glucose had decreased. Similar differences were also observed between infected hens producing normally shelled eggs and infected hens producing abnormally shelled eggs. No significant differences between infected and not infected hens were observed concerning the other values determined in the uterine fluid. It is concluded that functional disturbances which account for shell aberrations following EDS'76 virus infection are located in the surface epithelial cells of the uterine mucosa. These disturbances are very probably initiated by a depressed function of the sodium pump. All changes observed in the uterine fluid of infected hens could be explained by this depressed function.
...
PMID:Biochemical changes in blood and uterine fluid of fowl following experimental EDS'76 virus infection. 609 20

Sodium o-phenylphenate (OPP-Na) was given at dietary levels of O (control), 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0% to groups of 50 male and 50 female mice for 96 wk, and all the animals were maintained without OPP-Na for a further 8 wk. Both sexes given 2% OPP-Na and females given 0.5% and 1% OPP-Na showed growth retardation. Serum alkaline phosphatase activity in OPP-Na treated females was significantly increased in a dose-related manner. There were no treatment-related effects on clinical signs, mortality, urinalyses, haematology or organ weights. The incidences of several non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions achieved statistical significance but none was considered to be related to treatment. There were increased incidences of haemangiosarcomas of the liver in males given 1% and of hepatocellular carcinomas in 1 and 2% males, and haemangiomas and leiomyomas of the uterus, present in the controls, were absent or decreased in all treated females. Therefore, this study did not demonstrate any clear carcinogenic effect of OPP-Na on mice at dietary levels of up to 2%.
...
PMID:Long-term toxicity and carcinogenicity study of sodium o-phenylphenate in B6C3F1 mice. 654 19

A polyethylene intrauterine device (IUD) inserted in one horn of the rat uterus on Day 2 of pregnancy prevented implantation in 9 out of 12 rats in the horn with the device. When polyphloretin phosphate (PPP), a substance known to inhibit alkaline phosphatase, was administered to such rats from Day 1 till Day 5 of pregnancy, the device prevented implantation in only 3 out of 12 rats in the horn with the device. PPP also significantly reduced the raised levels of endometrial alkaline phosphatase observed in the presence of the device. A significant rise in endometrial alkaline phosphatase was seen in such animals not administered PPP. It is suggested that there is a correlation between the anti-implantation effect of an IUD and raised levels of endometrial alkaline phosphatase in rats.
...
PMID:Effect of polyphloretin phosphate on the contraceptive action of a polyethylene intrauterine device in rats. 664 Dec 20

Intraluminal injections of lectins, including concanavalin A (Con A), wheatgerm lectin, and soybean lectin, Con A-Sepharose 4B beads, calcium ionophore A23187 or peanut oil into the left uterine horns of mice on day 4 of pseudopregnancy induced the formation of deciduomata and significantly increased the weight and alkaline phosphatase activity of uterine tissue on day 7 of pseudopregnancy. In contrast, injections of these materials into the uterine horns of non-pseudopregnant mice that had not been previously mated failed to induce similar responses. Tranylcypromine blocked the decidual cell reaction artificially induced by lectins, calcium ionophore A23187 and peanut oil in pseudopregnant mice. However, uterine responses observed after individual and concurrent injections with indomethacin, iproniazid, propranolol or progesterone indicated that this deciduoma-blocking effect may not be solely related to the ability of tranylcypromine to inhibit prostacyclin biosynthesis but may also involve catecholamines and luteolytic prostaglandins which interfere with decidualization on day 4 and day 6 of pseudopregnancy, respectively. A role for prostaglandins and uterine beta-adrenergic receptors, however, was implicated in the induction of decidualization because both indomethacin and propranolol blocked the response to peanut oil. The results suggested that the embryonic signal responsible for the induction of the decidual cell reaction in mice may involve surface interactions between the embryo and uterine luminal epithelium resulting in a stimulation of the uterus via glycoprotein receptors. A role for calcium was implicated in this phenomenon.
...
PMID:Lectins, calcium ionophore A23187 and peanut oil as deciduogenic agents in the uterus of pseudopregnant mice: effects of tranylcypromine, indomethacin, iproniazid and propranolol. 680 81

The isoenzymes of acid and alkaline phosphatases and their histochemical localization were studied by polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis in four species of trematodes: Gigantocotyle explanatum from the liver and Gastrothylax crumenifer from the rumen of water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) and Echinostoma malayanum and Fasciolopsis buski from the small intestine of the pig (Sus scrofa). Both acid and alkaline phosphatases were present in the tegument, gastrodermis, suckers, testes, ovary, eggs, vitellaria and uterus but alkaline phosphatase activity was demonstrated only in the parenchyma and excretory ducts. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed two to four isoenzymes for both acid and alkaline phosphatase.
...
PMID:Histochemical and electrophoretic studies on phosphatases of some Indian trematodes. 709 66

Aristolic acid (AA) exerted interceptive activity in mice. A single oral dose of aristolic acid at the dose levels of 120 and 90 mg/kg on Day 1 or Day 6 of pregnancy in mouse resulted in a rise of acid phosphatase (AP) and fall of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and protein in uterus in both groups. Both delta 5-3 beta-hydroxy-steroid dehydrogenase (delta 5-3 beta-HSD) and glucose 6-phosphate-dehydrogenase (G6PD) of ovaries remained unaltered. Exogenous progesterone (1 mg s.c., Days 5-8) administered along with aristolic acid (on Day 6 only) could neither protect pregnancy nor prevent the biochemical changes produced in the uterus due to drug treatment. This unaltered steroidogenesis and alteration in alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase and protein gives some insight into the mechanism of action of the compound aristolic acid.
...
PMID:Changes in uterine phosphatase levels in mice treated with aristolic acid during early pregnancy. 716 57

Most of the alkaline phosphatase activity in the mouse uterus during early pregnancy was found to be membrane-bound and was associated with particulate material when homogenates were centrifuged at 105 000 g. The activity of the enzyme increased in both the particulate and cytosol fractions of uterine homogenates during early pregnancy to reach maximum values on day 7 of pregnancy. Studies of the enzyme in its membrane-bound and cytosolic forms before and after solubilization with Triton X-100, and n-butanol failed to detect any evidence that the membrane microenvironment or membrane are deeply buried within the membranes of uterine cells. Thus, the properties of the enzyme in response to amino acids, inhibitors, and Mg2+ and Zn2+, and changes in pH, substrate concentration and temperature were essentially unaltered when the phosphatase was present in a membrane-bound or cytosolic form, or when fractions were treated with Triton X-100 and n-butanol. Solubilized preparations of the enzyme from particulate and cytosol fractions of uterine homogenates displayed zones of activity with similar anodal migration rates during electrophoresis on cellulose acetate membranes suggesting that the cytosolic activity may arise from particulate material during homogenization of the tissue. Several amino acids stimulated the activity of the phosphatase while cysteine, histidine, homoarginine, Na2HPO4 and 4-(p-aminophenylazo)phenylarsonic acid were inhibitory. In addition, Km values for the enzyme from all uterine fractions hydrolysing p-nitrophenyl phosphate were temperature-dependent.
...
PMID:Behaviour and properties of membrane-bound mouse uterine alkaline phosphatase during early pregnancy. 721 59

Acid and alkaline phosphatases were studied in different structures of the sheep uterus and placenta by semiquantitative histochemistry of frozen sections (days 10-80 of pregnancy) and quantitative microfluorometry of freeze-dried sections (days 10-145 of pregnancy). Histochemically, lowest activity for acid phosphatase was found in the uterine glands, but biochemically it was lowest in the maternal caruncles. Histochemical acid phosphatase activity in the uterine glands and maternal caruncles increased on day 80 of gestation; however, biochemically, the activity decreased in the glands but did not change in the maternal caruncles during pregnancy. Weak histochemical staining was found in the luminal epithelium on days 25 and 80 of gestation compared with other days, whereas biochemically the activity was high at these times. Histochemically, alkaline phosphatase activity in athe luminal epithelium, uterine glands and maternal caruncles was high and did not change during pregnancy. Fluorometrically, the activity decreased in the luminal epithelium but it increased in the uterine glands and maternal caruncles. Histochemical data showed higher alkaline phosphatase activity in the maternal caruncles and trophoblast than in the foetal cotyledons, but biochemically no activity was detected in the trophoblast and foetal cotyledons.
...
PMID:Acid and alkaline phosphatases in histologically defined areas of the sheep uterus and placenta: histochemical and microfluorometric analyses. 721 60

The levels of zinc and magnesium in the mouse uterus during early pregnancy and pseudopregnancy were determined using atomic absorption spectroscopy techniques. The total zinc and magnesium content of the uterus increased between days 5 and 12 of pregnancy and between days 5 and 9 of content of the pseudopregnancy when decidual cells were present. However, the metals were not accumulated at a rate sufficient to match increases in uterine weight and constant concentrations (micrograms of metals per gram wet weight ot tissue) were not maintained over the various reproductive stages studied. The accumulation of the metals was associated with the presence of decidual cells, and non-decidualized horns of pseudopregnant mice failed to increase their total content of zinc and magnesium between days 5 and 9. The magnesium content of each uterus was usually between 5- and 13-fold greater than the total zinc content. mg2+ in low concentration (0-2mM) stimulated both the pyrophosphatase and orthophosphatase activities of purified preparations of the mouse uterine metalloenzyme, alkaline phosphatase. Higher concentrations (up to 8 mM) of the cation decreased pyrophosphatase activity but did not alter orthophosphatase activity. Mg/+ was more effective, however, in increasing the orthophosphatase activity of the enzyme and its stimulating effects in this case were greater in carbonate-bicarbonate buffer than in glycine-NaOH buffer. Mg2+ did not significantly influence apparent Km values or the response of the enzyme to changes in temperature. Zn2+, however, was required to maintain the stability of alkaline phosphatase apoenzyme preparations. It was concluded that during normal pregnancy and pseudopregnancy zinc and magnesium would always be present in amounts considerably greater than those required to saturate alkaline phosphatase for full catalytic activity. Thus, while the metals exert major effects on the activity and stability of the enzyme in vitro, they may not be major factors involved in the in utero regulation of the enzyme during early pregnancy.
...
PMID:Zinc and magnesium in the uterus of the pregnant and pseudopregnant mouse and the effects of Mg2+ ions on uterine alkaline phosphatase. 728 78

Serum of cancer patients often contains high activities of a homoarginine-sensitive isoenzyme of alkaline phosphatase with high electrophoretic mobility, which is present in relatively low activities in sera from most normal persons and persons with benign disease. In earlier studies of this isoenzyme, in a semi-quantitative assay, electrophoresis was used in the separation step. This report describes a column separation procedure, which provides quantitative data. We tested the revised procedure by assaying a mixed panel of 192 sera (cancer, benign disease, and normal). The organ sites of cancer and benign disease in this study were: lung, pancreas, uterus, and ovaries. The isoenzyme showed moderate sensitivity for lung (0.6) and pancreas (0.8) cancer and high specificity for all cancers tested. Thus the assay may be useful for discriminating between cancer sera and non-cancer sera for these cancer types.
...
PMID:Increased activity in serum of an alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme in cancer: analytical method and preliminary clinical studies. 744 91


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>

---