Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
 47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A simple filter-disc-absorption technique for sampling human cervical mucus had been developed by colleagues of author. Using this technique, electrophoretic patterns of proteins and phosphorylase in cervical mucus had been reported. In this presentation, I report isoenzyme patterns of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in the cervical mucus of normal pregnant women and patients with various gynecological diseases using this developed technique. Electrophoresis was carried out with 11.25% polyacrylamide separating gel. The separating gel was prepared using the stacking buffer system at pH 6.7. By this system, the stacking effect was maintained in the gel and the molecular sieve effect was sharpened. ALP activity was demonstrated using 5-bromo-3-indolyl phosphate as the substrate. Placental ALP was identified by its electrophoretic mobility and thermostability. Placental ALP was demonstrated in cervical mucus from 85 pregnant women as early as 6 weeks' gestation. In sera, however, the enzyme activity was demonstrated after 21 weeks' gestation. In cervical mucus and sera of non-pregnant women, and of patients with myoma of the uterus, ovarian tumor and cervical cancer, placental ALP was not demonstrated.
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PMID:[A study on alkaline phosphatase in cervical mucus using disc electrophoresis]. 298 76

The relationships among phosphorus phase feeding, egg shell quality, and the activities and concentrations of several enzymes and minerals in the uterine and isthmus mucosae of hens at the time of oviposition were investigated. During the first 8 months of production (Phase 1), layer diets contained .3, .5, or .7% available phosphorus. Between 9 and 12 months of production (Phase 2), dietary available phosphorus was either increased or decreased by .2% phosphorus, or was left unchanged. No significant differences due to Phase 1 diets were demonstrated for hard-shelled (HS), soft-shelled (SS), or shell-less (SL) egg production, livability, egg weight, or specific gravity. Phase 2 diets had no significant effect on SS or SL egg production, livability, or egg specific gravity; however, decreasing dietary phosphorus reduced egg weight. Levels as high as .9% had no effect on specific gravity or HS egg production, while .1% dietary phosphorus was detrimental to HS egg production and feed consumption. No significant differences due to dietary available phosphorus or egg type (SS vs. HS) were demonstrated for uterine or isthmus mucosal enzyme activities or mineral contents, with one exception. Higher inorganic phosphorus concentrations were found in the uterus of HS egg layers when compared to levels in the uterus of SS egg layers and the isthmus of HS and SS egg layers. Acid phosphatase and carbonic anhydrase activities, and total calcium levels were significantly higher in the isthmus than the uterus, while alkaline phosphatase and pyrophosphatase activities, and inorganic phosphorus levels were significantly higher in the uterus than the isthmus.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Phosphorus phase feeding and uterine and isthmus mucosal enzymes and minerals in relation to soft-shelled and shell-less egg production. 299 45

We have studied the cytosolic estrogen receptor in uterus of rats after castration and diabetes induction with Streptozotocin, and the relationship of estradiol (E2) binding with phosphatase activities. Ovariectomy (OVX) and diabetes produced a significant reduction in Type I and II binding sites, but did not affect the equilibrium dissociation constants. The reduction of receptor levels was partially reversed by homogenization and incubation with 20 mM molybdate (MoO4) and also by chronic treatment with E2. Considering the possibility that the increase in E2 binding in the presence of MoO=4 was due to phosphatase inhibition, the activities of these enzymes hypothetically involved in receptor dephosphorylation and inactivation were determined in uterine homogenate and cytosol from intact, OVX, and diabetic rats with and without E2 treatment. Chronic OVX and diabetes induced stimulation of alkaline, acid and neutral phosphatase activities. On the contrary, the increment of estrogenic receptors due to E2 treatment was not correlated with changes in phosphatase activity. It is possible that this effect was due to the protection of the receptor or to the induction of receptor synthesis by E2. Molybdate inhibited acid and neutral phosphatases and increased alkaline phosphatase, which suggest that neutral and acid phosphatases are identical and that they were responsible for the receptor inactivation. However, it is unclear at present the relationship between the increment of alkaline phosphatase and the reduction of receptors.
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PMID:Estradiol binding and phosphatase activity in the uterus after castration and chronic diabetes: effect of molybdate and estrogen replacement. 300 2

The calcium absorption and duodenal and uterine vitamin D-dependent calcium-binding protein (CaBP-28K) levels were decreased in hens when eggshell calcification was suppressed by premature expulsion of the egg. Nevertheless, these levels remained higher than those of immature pullets or pullets treated with estrogen. The resumption of shell formation by hens which had previously laid soft-shell eggs was associated during calcification of the first egg with increases in intestinal Ca absorption. CaBP concentration, and alkaline phosphatase activity. The increase in uterine CaBP concentration preceded the stage of rapid calcium deposition. Uterine carbonic anhydrase activity was increased by sexual maturity but not consistently by shell formation. Ablation of the parathyroids just before the resumption of shell formation suppressed the increases in duodenal calcium absorption and CaBP concentration elicited by egg calcification. In contrast, the increase in CaBP level was maintained in the uterus of parathyroidectomized hens, in spite of the decreased shell deposition. Previous studies indicated that increased uterine CaBP associated with eggshell calcification is not elicited by vitamin D. The present study confirms this observation and also shows that these changes are not elicited by either PTH or sex steroid hormones.
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PMID:Effects of suppression and resumption of shell formation and parathyroid hormone on uterine calcium-binding protein, carbonic anhydrase activity, and intestinal calcium absorption in hens. 310 32

Aristolic acid (AA), obtained from Aristolochia indica Linn, disrupted nidation in mice when administered on Day 1 of pregnancy. The implantation inhibiting effect of the compound was assessed with respect to certain parameters which are characteristics of early pregnancy, such as tubal transport of ova into the uterus, hyperpermeability of the endometrial capillaries, increase in uterine weight and total protein content, endometrial bed preparation and changes in uterine phosphatase enzymes during Days 4-6 of pregnancy. The compound did not affect tubal transport of eggs, but the uterine blue reaction, caused by extravasation of the dye, pontamine blue, at future implantation sites was inhibited significantly in treated mice. Histological picture of the uterus revealed AA-induced impairment of development (i.e. decidualization) and reconciled with decreases found in uterine weight and its total protein contents in treated animals. In control untreated mice, specific uterine alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity increased significantly from Days 4 through 6 of pregnancy, but this was prevented in treated mice. On the other hand, specific uterine acid phosphatase (AP) activity was high on Day 5, while in treated mice uterine AP activity remained low during Days 4 and 5 and increased significantly thereafter. It was inferred that AA interferes with steroidal conditioning of the uterus and renders it hostile to ovum implantation.
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PMID:Disruption of pregnancy in mouse by aristolic acid: I. Plausible explanation in relation to early pregnancy events. 382 77

Ponderal, histological, and biochemical responses of the uterus, cervix, and vagina to the same dosage (1.5 mg/kg/day for 5 days) of cis- and transclomiphene were studied in ovariectomized rats in the presence and absence of estradiol-dipropionate (EDP). The results indicated that both isomers were estrogenic-cum-antiestrogenic. However, the estrogenicity of the 2 compounds relative to each other and to EDP and their antiestrogenic potentials varied depending on the parameter and the nature of the target organ under consideration. Both isomers increased the weight of the uterus, cervix, and vagina. Histologically both stimulated the organs broadly but not in details like EDP. Biochemically, transclomiphene raised the 2 estrogen-dependent parameters (lactic acid and alkaline phosphatase) of the cervix more effeciently. Statistical analyses are presented. It is suggested that ehse anomalies might arise from the nugnces in the ponderal, histological, and biochemical behavior of the 3 target organs and the variation in the threshold doses of the compounds necessary to elicit a certain biochemical response from a particular organ. The inherent ability of a compound to evoke a change over and above that which could be imputed to its estrogenicity/antiestrogenicity might also complicate the issue.
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PMID:Studies on physiology & biochemistry of female genital tract: response of uterus, cervix & vagina of albino rats to cis- & trans-clomiphene in the presence or absence of estrogen. 477

The effect of 3 postcoital antifertility agents (4 and 20 mg/kg DBF, 2 and 10 mg/kg NF, and .25 and 1.25 mg/kg Centchroman) on histology and biochemistry of the uterus and uterine fluid of mated rats was investigated. The low and high doses of all the compounds showed, in general, estrogenic type histologic changes. They generally caused an increase in uterine dry matter, protein, RNA, glycogen, and alkaline phosphatase, and a decrease in wet weight, nonprotein nitrogen, and acid phosphatase (p.01). In uterine fluid, alkaline phosphatase was markedly stimulated after high dosages of DBF and NF and low dosages of Centchroman (p.01). .25 mg Centchroman possessed estrogenic activity, whereas 1.25 mg showed antiestrogenicity. The compounds appeared to interfere with the action of both estrogen and progesterone in varying degrees.
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PMID:Effect of some non-steroidal antifertility agents on biochemistry of the uterus and uterine fluid in rats. 479 41

Micro doses (1.5 mcg/rat/day) of megestrol acetate (6-methyl-17beta-acetoxypregna-4,6-diene-3,20 dione) were administered to 16 rats for 1 year to determine the effect on the genital organs and female fertility. No noteworthy ponderal or histologic effect of the genital organs or the pituitary was observed. However, uterus glycogen concentration and alkaline phosphatase activity were greatly reduced (versus controls, p.05 and p.01, respectively) while glucose-6-phosphate and lactic dehydrogenase activities increased significantly (versus controls, p.01). In the fertility performance test, 86% of the 14 controls showed positive mating compared with 50% for the treated group. By Day 10 of pregnancy many of the fetuses in the treated group were in the process of resorption. The factors contributing to pregnancy failure were inhibition of mating, implantation failure and fetal resorption.
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PMID:Long-term effect of a continuous low dose of megestrol acetate on the genital organs and fertility of female rats. 543 87

Non-specific and specific phosphatases have been histochemically localized in the tissues of Avitellina lahorea, an intestinal parasite of sheep and goats. Large quantities of acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase and adenosine triphosphatase were observed in almost all organs except the parenchyma where there were moderate amounts of acid phosphatase and no alkaline phosphatase; the reproductive ducts contained moderate amounts of alkaline phosphatase. 5-nucleotidase was observed only in the uterus, egg pouches and eggs and glucose-6-phosphatase activity was restricted to the tegument. The probable functions of these moieties at different sites are discussed.
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PMID:Histochemical localization of phosphomonoesterases in Avitellina lahorea Woodland, 1927 (Cestoda: Anoplocephalida). 608 41

The antispermatogenic effects of 2, 4-dinitro-6-tert-. butylphenyl methanesulfonate (HE-166) were studied in Sprague-Dawley rats. They were fed 25, 100 and 400 ppm of HE-166 in the basal died for one year. Laboratory data showed no significant changes except for increases in gamma-globulin, alkaline phosphatase, GOT and GPT values in the 100 ppm group. Macroscopically, significant changes were found in the testes in the experimental group, which showed marked atrophy. Histologically, the testes were filled with fibrin exudate in the stroma and there was reduced spermatogonia, cellular debris and giant cells, and even calcification, depending on the dose of HE-166. The anti-fertility effects of HE-166 were also observed by mating rats and checking the pregnancy rate during three generations. These effects might be due to the direct cytotoxic effect of HE-166 on post-meiotic cells as epididymal spermatozoa and testicular sperm and spermatids. As far as tumor incidence was concerned, one case of fibroadenoma of the mammary gland, one case of leiomyosarcoma in the uterus in the 100 ppm group and one case of leiomyoma in the uterus in the 25 ppm group developed at around 8 months, but no other tumors developed.
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PMID:The antispermatogenic effect and toxicity of 2, 4-dinitro-6-tert-butylphenyl methanesulfonate on Sprague-Dawley rat. 609 Jun 86


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