Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
 47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Guinea pigs infected with 9-mile phase I strain of Coxiella burnetii had increased blood glucose concentrations; alkaline phosphatase (ALP), glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase (GOT), alpha-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (alpha-HBDH), and creatine phosphokinase (CPK) activities; and bilirubin value. Hypocalcemia and hypophosphatemia were evident in the latter days of infection. At necropsy of the guinea pigs, necrotic foci were in liver, spleen, and heart. Seemingly, the major pathophysiologic changes in infected guinea pigs were the direct result of lesions in liver, spleen, and heart in which rickettsial bodies were readily observable with histologic staining procedures. The guinea pig may serve as an animal disease model for Q fever.
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PMID:Pathophysiologic features of Q fever-infected guinea pigs. 114 49

The patient who has clinical jaundice, abnormal results on liver function tests, or both presents a difficult diagnostic challenge. Many infectious diseases affect the liver, and the extent of involvement determines the degree of clinically apparent jaundice. Some diseases that affect the liver minimally cause no jaundice at all. An important clue to the cause of the disorder is the pattern of abnormal results on liver function tests. Increased alkaline phosphatase predominates with Q fever, secondary or tertiary syphilis, clonorchiasis, and hepatic candidiasis, while elevated levels of serum transaminases characterize viral hepatitis, leptospirosis, mononucleosis syndromes, legionnaires' disease, typhoid fever, toxic shock syndrome, and yellow fever. Increases in serum bilirubin are typical with jaundice caused by clostridial myelonecrosis, severe bacterial sepsis, and relapsing fever (borreliosis). These findings together with the patient's history, physical findings, and basic laboratory tests provide a presumptive diagnosis in most cases.
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PMID:Systemic infections affecting the liver. Some cause jaundice, some do not. 305 Sep 27

A microtiter enzyme-linked immunosorbent fluorescence assay based on alkaline phosphatase conjugate and 4-methylumbelliferyl phosphate as fluorogenic substrate was developed and adapted to quantitatively analyze immunoglobulin G subclass 1 (IgG1) and IgG2 responses of vaccinated and infected cattle to proteins of Coxiella burnetii. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent fluorescence assay surpassed the conventional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with a 50-fold-higher sensitivity and a broader range of linear dose-response signals. Antigens of C. burnetii were purified by sodium dodecyl sulfate extraction and molecular-sieve high-pressure liquid chromatography. The purified 14-, 27-, and 30-kilodalton proteins were used as antigens without any further treatment. Vaccination with either chloroform-methanol-extracted cell residues of C. burnetii or the 27-kilodalton major surface protein evoked an early IgG2 response to the 27-kilodalton protein (2 weeks after immunization), whereas IgG2 to lipopolysaccharides of C. burnetii was detected only in the late phase (13 weeks after immunization). These results may have implications for the serodiagnosis of acute and chronic Q fever. IgG1 against these antigens was induced solely by naturally occurring C. burnetii infections, indicating that infected cattle can be distinguished from vaccinated cattle by using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent fluorescence assay and SP27 antigen.
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PMID:Enzyme-linked immunosorbent fluorescence assay and high-pressure liquid chromatography for analysis of humoral immune responses to Coxiella burnetti proteins. 306 47

Two-component regulatory systems play important roles in the adaptive responses of many bacteria to environmental changes. The sensor proteins of these systems are highly conserved near their C-termini. We exploited this feature to isolate a gene encoding a putative sensor component from the obligate intracellular rickettsial parasite Coxiella burnetii (Cb). Using degenerate primers and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), we isolated a DNA fragment from a genomic library of Cb containing an open reading frame (ORF), sufficient to encode a 48-kDa protein. Sequence comparison revealed that the deduced protein shared high homology to members of the bacterial sensor protein family, particularly at three conserved regions of the C terminus. When the Cb sensor-like gene was cloned into a high-copy-number vector and introduced into an E. coli strain (phoM, phoR), the mutant expressed low levels of alkaline phosphatase activity, suggesting that the gene functioned as a sensor protein in E. coli. Consequently, we designated this gene qrsA (for Q fever agent regulatory sensor-like gene). Because two-component regulatory systems have been implicated in a variety of cellular processes, including virulence determinants in some pathogenic bacteria, the identification of qrsA in Cb may shed light on how the pathogen adapts to extracellular changes during infection, as it proliferates in the phagolysosome.
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PMID:A Coxiella burnetii gene encodes a sensor-like protein. 782 72

Rickettsia spp. infections produce hepatic damage with transaminases elevation and biological signs of cholostasis. Classical biochemical tests of hepatic function were analyzed and compared in 8 patients with Q Fever (QF) and 7 with Boutonneuse Mediterranean Fever (BMF). Liver enlargement was detected in 75% of the QF group of patients as compared with the 57% of the BMF group. Transaminases were raised in 75% of the patients of the QF group and in 85, 7% of the BMF patients. Only one patient in the QF group showed manifest clinical jaundice. Statistically significant differences were found between the values of AST, ALT, alkaline phosphatase and GGT, which were higher in the QF group. Liver involvement is more important in patients with QF than in FBM. There is a large percentage of clinically silent involvement in both diseases. Liver function tests should be carried out in infections by Rickettsia spp.
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PMID:[Liver involvement in Q fever and Mediterranean boutonneuse fever. Comparative study]. 787 63