Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
 47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

25.6% of 254 epileptic children receiving anticonvulsant drugs more than 3 years showed disturbances of Calcium-phosphate-metabolism and of ossification respectively. These disturbances are divided into 4 degrees of severity: 1. Raised alkaline phosphatase in serum alone 21 patients); 2. Metaphysial osteodystrophia (22 Pat.); 3. Generalised osteoporosis (16 Pat.) and 4. Vitamin-D sensitive rickets (6 Pat.). These abnormalities were found at most in long term-treatment with hydantoins or primidone. The measurement of serum concentration of these anticonvulsant drugs yielded significantly higher amounts in patients with abnormalities in Calcium-Phosphate-metabolism than in those patients without such ones. This result permits us to conclude that disturbances of Calcium-Phosphate-metabolism are serum-concentration-dependent side-effects of anticonvulsant drugs.
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PMID:[Disturbances of calcium-phosphate-metabolism by anticonvulsant drugs in relation to their serum concentration (author's transl)]. 10 36

A significant correlation between the activity of the bone isoenzyme or serum alkaline phosphatase and the urinary hydroxyproline excretion in osteomalacia, osteoporosis, primary hyperparathyroidism with osteodystrophy, Paget's disease, secondary bone tumours, and in a control group was found (P less than 0.001). This close correlation was not observed between these variables in patients with active acromegaly. Diagnosis determined from these indices of formation and turnover of bone matrix agreed with that established by histological and histochemical examination of bone, by X-ray investigation of the skeleton, and by the radionuclear 85Sr test. The relationship between the activity of bone isoenzyme and urinary hydroxyproline excretion differed in metabolic bone diseases with a high bone turnover, in patients with osteoporosis and in patients with early osteoclastic bone metastases.
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PMID:Relationship of the activity of the bone isoenzyme of serum alkaline phosphatase to urinary hydroxyproline excretion in metabolic and neoplastic bone diseases. 10 9

To evaluate a therapeutic effect, biochemical parameters of bone metabolism and photonabsorption densitometry have been compared in patients with senile osteoporosis under long-term continuous or intermittent sodium fluoride treatment. A comparable increase of trabecular bone density is found after continuous and intermittent therapy for at least one year. The well-known effect of defective mineralization under long-term continuous therapy with sodium fluoride corresponds to a statistically significant increase in urinary hydroxyproline and calcium excretion and a trend towards a rise in serum alkaline phosphatase in this study. Similar findings cannot be observed in patients on intermittent sodium fluoride treatment. The increase in bone density without concomitant changes in biochemical parameters suggests a beneficial therapeutic effect without biochemical evidence for defective mineralization.
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PMID:[Therapy of senile osteoporosis using sodium fluoride--continuous and intermittent long-term therapy]. 10 83

The extent to which histomorphometric analysis of bone biopsies correlates with Ca kinetic and biochemical parameters to reflect true bone formation and resorption in adult man remains an unsolved issue. Two groups of patients with either low (osteoporosis), (n = 15) or high (Paget's disease, n = 6) bone turnover were studied before and after sodium fluoride (NaF) and diphosphonate (EHDP) treatment, respectively. Histomorphometry of iliac crest biopsies permitted precise quantitation of the osteoblast layers (SVab), osteoid seams (SVos), the number of osteoclasts (NAocl) and the Howship's lacunae (SVhl). These determinations were correlated with serum alkaline phosphatase (aPh), urinary hydroxyproline (HyPro), Ca accretion rate (Vo+), and Ca mobilization rate (Vo-). In both patient groups bone formation indices were significantly correlated: SVob/Vo+, r = 0.85; SVos/Vo+, r = 0.83; and aPh/Vo+, r = 0.97. Provided that bone matrix formation and mineralization progess at the same rate, bone formation may be assessed by measuring either aPh, Vo+, SVob, or SVos. From these correlations it is not possible to draw any conclusions regarding the absolute "true" value of bone formation, be it in terms of Ca kinetics, alkaline phosphatase, or histomorphometry. However, since Vo+ retains its proportionality to all the other bone formation parameters tested, the so-called "slow exchange," which refers to pure physicochemical Ca exchange processes in the bone mineral, does not perturb Vo+ in an unsystematic way. Vo+ as well as aPh and histomorphometric indices are thus reliable, though not absolute indices of bone formation. Bone resorption indices correlated less well than bone formation indices: NAocl/Vo-, r = 0.68 and SVhl/Vo-, r = 0.63 with both groups. In the osteoporotic group, a negative correlation existed between the empty Howship's lacunae SVhe and Vo+, r = -0.62. Consequently, the overall extent of Howship's lacunae SVhl is influenced both by bone resorption and bone formation. On the other hand, the best correlation of HyPro was with the sum of Vo+ and Vo-, r = 0.97, confirming that HyPro is a sensitive index for the change of bone turnover.
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PMID:Bone remodeling and calcium metabolism: a correlated histomorphometric, calcium kinetic, and biochemical study in patients with osteoporosis and Paget's Disease. 40 1

1. The current status of treatment for osteoporosis at the osteoporosis clinic of the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University School of Medicine is reported. A study was made in these osteoporotic patients to investigate the relationships between pain and x-rays and also between pain and the clinical laboratory findings in this particular disease. 2. When pains in osteoporosis were classified into 4 grades, severity I through severity IV, the more severe pain was found to be associated more frequently with elevated blood levels of alkaline phosphatase. Many of the patients with severe pain tended to show indistinct trabeculation and sclerosis of the upper and lower margins of vertebral bodies on x-rays while some demonstrated looser's zones notably in the ribs. 3. A considerable portion of those patients who were receiving treatment under the diagnosis of osteoporosis were found to have evidence of osteomalacia, a finding pointing to the likelihood of coexistence of osteoporosis and osteomalacia. This possibility should therefore always be kept in mind when dealing with osteoporotic patients.
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PMID:Treatment of osteoporosis--with special reference to the coexistence of osteoporosis and osteomalacia. 46 48

The degree of osteoporosis in hyperthyroidism before and during treatment with carbimazole was studied by photon absorption technique of the right forearm and calcaneus. In addition serum total calcium, serum ionized calcium, serum phosphorus and serum alkaline phosphatase were determined. A group of 96 patients suffering from untreated hyperthyroidism (85 women and 11 men) was studied (79 of these patients were also followed during treatment) and compared to a control group of 157 persons (107 women and 50 men). The women were divided into two groups: less than or equal to 45 years old and more than 45 years old. In all groups untreated hyperthyroid patients showed lower bone densities compared to the control group, but this was only significant in women. During treatment all groups showed a significant increase in density. After 3-6 months of treatment bone density in the calcaneus increased 12% and in the forearm 1.5%; after 6 months - 3 years 33% and 31%, respectively. At that time bone density was normalized. There was no correlation between bone density in hyperthyroid patients and duration and severity of the disease. The biochemical changes were characterised by increases in serum alkaline phosphatase (26%), serum total calcium (16%) and serum ionized calcium concentration (17%) in cases of untreated hyperthyroidism. Serum phosphorus concentration did not change. A correlation was found between elevation of the alkaline phosphatase and decreased bone density.
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PMID:Osteoporosis in hyperthyroidism estimated by photon absorptiometry. 47 36

Altogether 15 partially independent measurements of bone mass in 100 women with clinical and roentgenological signs of osteoporosis were correlated to the alkaline phosphatase activities of the same individuals. There was a slight but significant negative correlation indicating an increasing alkaline phosphatase activity with decreasing bone mass. This correlation was not caused by interaction of age. There was no correlation or morphological signs of osteomalacia. The changes could not be explained by fractures. It is suggested that a slight increase in the alkaline phosphatase activity in women with a more severe osteoporosis is related to bone resorption.
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PMID:Alkaline phosphatase in women with osteoporosis. 49 27

The authors discuss the main features of the complex pathophysiology of patients subjected to duodenocephalopancreatectomy, and particularly the difficulties inherent in clinical assessment of the digestive and metabolic impairment consequent upon the duodeno-gastro-pancreatic mutilation. Out of a total of 57 cases of this description, they singled out for recheck 23 patients who had undergone duodenocephalopancreatectomy not less than six months and not more than seven years before (chronic pancreatitis, 11 cases; various malignancies of the periampullar area, 10 cases; Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, 1 case; retroperitoneal lymphoma, 1 case). Seventy-six per cent of patients who had been gainfully employed were able to resume their jobs after surgery. Steatorrhea, assessed in terms of fecal fats, was present in all cases; notwithstanding, 70% of the patients gained weight (average increase 7 kg). All patients were on enzyme replacement therapy. Only 4% developed diabetes, and none developed postoperative peptic ulcers. Conversely there was a high incidence (65%) of bone structure reshuffling, signally osteoporosis, probably imputable to steatorrhea and vitamin D malabsorption, plus the often associated increase of serum alkaline phosphatase activity.
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PMID:[The biological results of duodenocephalopancreatectomy. Clinical evaluations based on a long-term follow-up]. 53 2

Moderately elevated calcemia, increased urine calcium excretion, normal values of phosphate clearance and tubular phosphate resorption, elevated alkaline phosphatase were found in 50 patients with clinically confirmed thyrotoxicosis. With calcium loading, an essential calcium elevation in serum was determined as well as a delayed restoration to the norm of the latter, providing grounds to admit an insufficiency of hypocalcemia leading systems, thyrocalcitonine resp. The characteristic features of the X-ray changes observed are described, especially of osteoporosis. The bone changes were established to be more frequent among females (64% versus 204 among males). They increase in parallel with age advancing, during and severity of the disease. The special X-grams for fine analysis of bone structure according to Meema-Heunk enable the confirmation of intracortical striation in metacarpal bones and phalanges in 56.7 per cent of the examined.
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PMID:[Biochemical and x-ray changes in thyroid osteopathy]. 65 36

This paper explores in patients with dialysis osteodystrophy the relationship between clinical features and histological, radiological, and biochemical findings. Eighty-five patients treated by hemodialysis for more than 6 months were studied. The following conclusions were drawn: 1) Bone pain in patients on regular hemodialysis is usually a symptom of developing osteomalacia but not of hyperparathyroidism or osteoporosis. 2) Many patients with histological osteomalacia and radiological features of osteomalacia, such as fractures or Looser zones, have no symptoms. 3)In dialysis patients, biochemical and radiological abnormalities are not a reliable means of predicting the presence of osteomalacia, but a raised serum alkaline phosphatase is a good indicator of the presence of osteitis fibrosa. For early detection of osteomalacia, bone biopsy in necessary. 4)A number of our dialysis patients develop an unusual form of osteomalacia characterized by absent or minimal histological osteitis fibrosa, a normal serum alkaline phosphatase, and a high incidence of myopathy and fractures.
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PMID:Hemodialysis bone disease: correlation between clinical, histologic, and other findings. 68 26


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