Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
 47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Eleven cases of alimentary lymphoma affecting the ileum were observed among 26 cases of swine lymphoma detected by meat inspection in Kochi, Japan. The ileal lymphomas were located in the Peyer's patches, along with early involvement of regional lymph nodes, and showed a characteristic pattern of follicular invasion leading to diffuse growth. Following the National Cancer Institute Working Formulation, 10 neoplasms were classified as diffuse, large, noncleaved cell lymphomas and one neoplasm was a diffuse, mixed, small to large cell lymphoma. Both types of lymphoma featured numerous intermingled "starry sky" histiocytes. The lymphoma cells tended to infiltrate into the muscular layer of the ileum in an "Indian file" pattern. Two cases also showed transserosal metastasis into the abdomen and leukemic change. The lymphoma cells showed membrane positivity for alkaline phosphatase and diffuse cytoplasmic staining for acid phosphatase and non-specific esterase. Monoclonal intracytoplasmic immunoglobulins were demonstrated in nine neoplasms (IgM-lambda in seven, IgG-lambda in one, and IgG-kappa in one). In the areas of follicular invasion, an attenuated network of follicular dendritic cells was visualized via an antiserum against the beta subunit of S-100 protein. Ultrastructurally, strands of dilatated rough endoplasmic reticulum and scattered or clustered dense bodies were noted. When compared with feline and human alimentary lymphoma, including Burkitt's lymphoma, the present neoplasms possessed distinctive features, such as originating in Peyer's patches, transserosal metastasis, and predominantly large B cell type with IgM-lambda type immunoglobulin expression, although some features were similar.
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PMID:Ileal lymphoma in swine. 786 77

The study utilised monoclonal antibodies for T and B cells to study the immunophenotype in our lymphomas and to correlate with the clinicopathological aspects of eight cases of malignant lymphomas, of which four are cutaneous T cell lymphoma and four malignant lymphomas. The method used was immunohistochemical staining of tissue section by the alkaline phosphatase anti-alkaline phosphatase (APAAP) procedure. For four cases of cutaneous T cell lymphoma, three were in stage 1 and one in stage 2. The immunophenotypes were typical of mycosis fungoides-type cutaneous T cell lymphoma. They were predominantly T cells with many mature T cells. The CD4 to CD8 ratio fell within the normal range. There was no specific loss of CD7. For four cases of malignant lymphoma, T cell type, the pattern was again T cell phenotype with all of CD2, CD5, CD7 and CD4. The CD4 to CD8 ratios fell within the normal range except for one case, which showed a reversal of CD4/CD8, and this patient perished. His T suppressor cells were increased and had several cycles of malignant flare-up. One case showed mycosis fungoides, converting to lymphoma. This study demonstrates that monitoring of the progress is possible and can detect downgrading of malignant lymphomas.
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PMID:Clinicopathological and immunohistological correlation of malignant lymphomas of the skin. 794 61

Two sublines of LY murine lymphoma, differing in sensitivity to CPT, served as source of topoisomerase I in order to compare the enzyme's properties. The activity of topoisomerase I isolated from LY-S cells of reduced sensitivity to CPT increased about 2-times more upon phosphorylation with casein kinase but was inhibited to a lesser extent upon dephosphorylation with alkaline phosphatase than the enzyme from the CPT-sensitive LY-R cells. The in vitro phosphorylation of LY-S enzyme restored its sensitivity to CPT. The in vitro incorporation of 32P into topoisomerase protein was about 1.7-times higher in LY-S than in LY-R enzyme. A reversed incorporation ratio was observed upon metabolic labelling. The level of topoisomerase I protein, determined by Western blot analysis using scleroderma anti-topoisomerase I antibodies, was about 1.5-times higher in LY-S than in LY-R cells. The level of topoisomerase I mRNA was similar in both sublines. These results indicate that the reduced sensitivity of LY-S cells to CPT is based on the lowered phosphorylation of topoisomerase I protein but does not depend on the expression of topoisomerase I gene.
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PMID:Topoisomerase I is differently phosphorylated in two sublines of L5178Y mouse lymphoma cells. 799 92

The skin lesions of two elderly women lead us to the diagnosis of small cleaved lymphocytic B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, TNM stage IVb after clinical staging examinations. Relapses occurred within less than 1 year. Morphology, enzymhistochemistry (alkaline phosphatase in the first case), and immunohistochemistry (CD 5 positivity in the second case) in the skin biopsies supported the diagnosis of mantle-cell lymphoma. The histogenesis of the mantle-cell lymphoma is reviewed.
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PMID:Mantle-cell lymphomas of the skin. 804 52

The toxic effects of environmental factors at work places on the hematopoietic and immune systems are of basic importance due to the time of exposure, lasting on average 8 hours daily during one week. Porphyrinurias and porphyrias have been observed after exposure to hexachlorobenzene, chlorinated dibenzodioxins, polychlorinated biphenyls, polybrominated biphenyls, vinyl chloride and lead. Aplastic anemia may occur after exposure to benzene, pesticides, arsenic, cadmium and copper compounds. Megaloblastic anemia has been noted in subjects exposed to arsenic, chlordane, benzene and nitrous oxide. Methemoglobinemia is induced by aromatic nitro and amino compounds. Hemolytic reactions caused by arsenic, methyl chloride, naphthalene, lead, cadmium and mercury compounds represent a separate problem. Immunodeficiencies resulting in decreased antitumor and antiinfectious immunity have been reported in subjects exposed to asbestos, ozone, dimethylsulphoxide, vinilidene chloride, and benzene homologues. Lymphocytopenia may be induced by manganese, lead, toluene and industrial noise. Neutropenia was marked after exposure to carbon disulphide, arsenic compounds, benzene and electromagnetic fields. Only a few reports concern the lymphocyte T3, T4 and T8 subpopulations. Electromagnetic fields (microwaves) cause an imbalance of that subpopulation, consisting of a decrease in the T8 cell count. The neutrophil enzymes, such as myeloperoxidase and alkaline phosphatase, decrease in their activity after exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls, carbon disulphide, chlorobenzene and DDT. A majority of agents cited include genotoxic effects reflected in chromosome aberrations and increased sister chromatid exchange and abnormal unscheduled DNA synthesis. Leukemia or lymphoma risk is increased after exposure to pesticides, electromagnetic fields, benzene and irradiation.
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PMID:Immunotoxic and hematotoxic effects of occupational exposures. 817 62

Alkaline phosphatase solubilized from a human Hodgkin's lymphoma cell line (L428) was compared with purified amphiphilic and hydrophilic forms of the enzyme from human liver, and with the enzyme solubilized from a cultured osteosarcoma cell line (Saos-2). Purified hydrophilic alkaline phosphatases from human placenta and intestine were also compared in some experiments. Alkaline phosphatase was released from the plasma membrane of intact lymphocytes by phosphatidylinositol phospholipase C and thus is anchored to the outside of the plasma membrane by covalently attached phosphatidylinositol. Enzyme released in this way was hydrophilic and that solubilized with Triton X-100 was amphiphilic, as assessed by adsorption to octyl-Sepharose. Lymphocyte alkaline phosphatase, when released from the membrane by phosphatidylinositol phospholipase C or solubilized by Triton X-100, had apparent M(r) values on gradient gel electrophoresis of 227 and 494 kDa, respectively. These values were consistently higher than equivalent ones obtained with enzymes purified from human liver, but were similar to those of cultured osteosarcoma cells. Isoenzyme-specific inhibitors of alkaline phosphatase showed similar patterns of inhibition between the enzyme from L428 cells and the tissue-nonspecific (liver/kidney/bone) isoenzyme from human liver. Heat stabilities were similar for the enzymes from L428 and Saos-2 (bone isoform) cell lines, but differed significantly from those of liver, intestine and placenta. We conclude that the alkaline phosphatase expressed in this lymphoma cell line (L428) has properties that most closely resemble those of the tissue-nonspecific isoenzyme found normally in osteoblasts of bone (bone isoform).
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PMID:Characterization of the alkaline phosphatase expressed on the surface of a Hodgkin's lymphoma cell line. 819 73

A total of 541 consecutive patients treated between 1975 and 1985, 449 with B-lymphoma and 92 with peripheral T-lymphoma, excluding adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL), termed peripheral non-ATL T-lymphoma, were analysed. Clinicopathological features that were predominantly associated with B-lymphoma were low and intermediate grades (defined by the Working Formulation), diffuse large cell type, stage II disease, bulky disease, favourable extranodal sites that are defined as a group of primary tumors such as the eye, Waldeyer's ring, thyroid, and stomach, while other features predominantly associated with peripheral non-ATL T-lymphoma were high grade pathology, diffuse mixed-cell and immunoblastic type, systemic "B" symptoms, poor performance status (PS), generalized lymphadenopathy, involvement of organs such as liver, skin, and nose, leucocytosis, and a high levels of serum alkaline phosphatase. The survival curve for B-lymphoma was better (P < 0.01) than that for peripheral non-ATL T-lymphoma. Multivariate analysis revealed that the major prognostic factors were pathology, stage, and primary site for B-lymphoma, while stage, PS, and total protein levels were important for peripheral non-ATL T-lymphoma. These results indicate that B- and peripheral non-ATL T-lymphomas appear to have different biological characteristics.
Leuk Lymphoma 1993 Jul
PMID:Differences in clinicopathological characteristics and major prognostic factors between B-lymphoma and peripheral T-lymphoma excluding adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. 822 Jan 32

Lymph nodes from 21 cases of malignant lymphoma of a centrocytic (mantle cell) type, (ML, cc (mc)) were examined. All the cases had monoclonal surface immunoglobulin (sig) M and/or D, but were negative for CD10 (CALLA), and CD11c (LeuM5). Lymphoma cells with CD25 (anti-Tac)+, CD5 (Leu1)+, and alkaline phosphatase (ALPase)- in eight cases showed bone marrow involvement (10-66% of the nucleated cells; mean 32 +/- 18%) but with no leukemic changes. These eight cases had a similar phenotype and were distributed by the lymphoma cells to the examined B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Seven cases showed an infiltration of CD25-, CD5+, and ALPase- lymphoma cells, in which only two cases showed focal bone marrow involvement. There was a close relationship between CD25 expression and bone marrow invasion by the lymphoma cells in ML, cc (mc). Three of the six CD25- and CD5- cases presented zonal proliferation of ALPase+ lymphoma cells with round nuclei and a high anti-proliferating cell nuclear antigen/cyclin (PCNA/c) rate in the mantle zone and paracortex, accompanied by a prominent interdigitating dendritic and histiocytic cell reaction. Examined CD25-, CD5- and ALPase+ lymphoma showed a neoplastic counterpart of so-called marginal zone lymphocytes, which was different from other cases of ML, cc (mc). Lymphoma cells in ML, cc (mc), except for those of the so-called marginal zone lymphoma, might be derived from slgM+, D+/-, CD25+/-, CD5+/-, ALPase-, CD10- and CD11c- lymphocytes present in the mantle zone and primary lymph follicles.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Clinicopathologic, enzyme and histochemical studies of centrocytic (mantle cell) lymphoma: comparison with other types of low-grade B cell lymphoma based on the updated Kiel classification. 832 10

We have identified in mammalian cells a novel cyclic AMP response element (CRE)-binding protein of molecular mass 47 kDa. This protein was not recognized by either the CREB-327/341 or c-Jun antisera, and its tissue distribution did not overlap with those of the CREB and Jun families. For example, hepatoma and placental tissue did not contain the 47-kDa DNA-binding protein, but did contain the CREB isoforms. On the other hand, S49 lymphoma cells contained a high level of the 47-kDa DNA-binding protein but did not contain a 47-kDa Jun-related protein which was found in normal liver and hepatoma. This new 47-kDa factor bound to the CRE in the dephosphorylated form, and phosphorylation of the protein by the catalytic subunit of protein kinase A completely abolished its DNA-binding activity. The isoforms of the CREB-327/341 family, on the other hand, bound to DNA in the phosphorylated form, and alkaline phosphatase treatment reduced significantly their interaction with CRE sequence. This reverse effect of phosphorylation/dephosphorylation on the DNA-binding property of this new 47-kDa protein in particular distinguishes it from other known CREB factors and suggests that the protein might play a unique role in the regulation of cAMP-mediated transcription.
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PMID:Identification of a new cAMP response element-binding factor by southwestern blotting. 836 1

Activities of ectophosphatases (alkaline phosphatase, 5'-nucleotidase and ecto-ATPase) from different subpopulation of lymphoma NKLy and ovary tumor of rats were investigated. A strong positive correlation has been shown between these activities in different subpopulations. A negative correlation between proliferative activity and activities of ectophosphatases was determined. The role of ectophosphatases in cell proliferation is discussed.
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PMID:[A comparative study of the ectophosphatase activity in different subpopulations of tumor cells]. 838 8


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