Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
 47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In 24 men aged 32 to 58 years with precancerous states of the larynx, i.e., leukoplakia, papillomas and pachydermia the peripheral blood lymphocytes were cytochemically stained for N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, beta-glucuronidase, acid phosphatase and glycogen; and the neutrophils were stained for alkaline phosphatase, myeloperoxidase and lipids. The results were expressed in terms of the absolute counts of reaction-positive cells and of the activity index score. The serum immunoglobulins IgG, IgA and IgM were also determined by Mancini's method. The results obtained were compared with those in 20 healthy men aged 20 to 30 years. The patients exhibited elevated numbers of N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase and beta-glucuronidase-positive lymphocytes. A characteristic feature was an increase in the absolute counts of lymphocytes with diffuse and granular-diffuse types of cytochemical reaction for all enzymes studied. The number of cells with the granular type of enzymatic reaction (intact enzyme-positive lysosomes) was significantly diminished. These cytochemical alterations were accompanied by a significant increase in the serum IgA level. These results are discussed with reference to the lymphoid system response to tissues of precancerous lesions of the larynx. So far as the neutrophils are concerned the patients exhibited significant intracellular deficiency of beta-glucuronidase and decrease in the lipid content as well as an elevated alkaline phosphatase activity. The possible significance of the beta-glucuronidase deficiency in neutrophils for the diminished cytotoxic response of these cells against the tumor and precancerous lesion cells is discussed.
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PMID:Lymphocytes, neutrophils and serum immunoglobulins in patients with precancerous states of the larynx. 44 57

Cytochemical investigations performed in 24 men with precancerous states of the larynx, i.e. leukoplakia, papillomas and pachydermia, indicated that the peripheral blood neutrophils from these patients exhibit a significant intracellular deficiency of beta-glucuronidase activity and of total lipids, as well as an increased alkaline phosphatase activity. Acid phosphatase and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase activities did not differ significantly between patients and normal controls. In the authors' opinion, the neutrophil beta-glucuronidase deficiency might be a specific disturbance of neutrophils in the precancerous states and the cancer of the larynx. The possible significance of this disturbance and the subsequent decrease of antitumor immune reactivity are discussed.
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PMID:The enzymatic equipment of neutrophils in patients with precancerous states of the larynx. 63 1

The activity and isoenzyme profile of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline and acid phosphatase were studied in tumors of the tongue, cheek, oral floor, soft palate and palatine tonsils (n = 100), leukoplakia (n = 7) and in the oral mucosa at corresponding sites in healthy subjects (n = 66), to develop tests for early detection, monitoring and prognosis of oral cancer. Levels of alpha-amylase and acid phosphatase were measured in saliva and blood serum of patients with oral cancer and healthy subjects. The activity of LDH and alkaline and acid phosphatase in oral malignancies were 1.5-6 times that in normal mucosa, depending on tumor site. Changes in LDH isoenzyme profile consisted in an increased level of M-subunits (LDH-4 and 5) and a decreased concentration of N-subunits (LDH-1 and 2). With regards to acid phosphatase, an increase in the activity of its tartrate-inhibited fraction was observed. An increase in LDH and alkaline phosphatase activity was registered for oral precancer (leukoplakia), too, although it was less pronounced than in cancer. Changes in LDH isoenzyme profile matched those in cancer patients. A significant increase in the activity of alpha-amylase, acid phosphatase and the latter's tartrate-inhibited fraction was registered in saliva of oral cancer patients (86-96%). The credibility of enzyme activity measurement in saliva for evaluation of response and prognosis is discussed.
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PMID:[Enzyme and isoenzyme activity in patients with malignant tumors of the oral mucosa]. 130 Jul 20

In 35 patients with leukoplakia or erythroplastic lesions of oral mucosa, the immunohistochemical study of Langerhans cells and various types of lymphocytes demonstrated increasing changes in cellular immunoreactivity in benign leukokeratosis, dysplasia and in situ or microinvasive carcinoma. Besides, the study of alkaline phosphatase activity by means of histoenzymological methods proved an intense angiogenesis during the occurrence of cancerization.
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PMID:[The value of a study of the microvascularization and the cellular immunosurveillance of precancerous states and micro-cancers of the oral cavity]. 169 19

Activity of acid hydrolases, alkaline phosphatase and leucine aminopeptidase was studied in leukocytes of patients with leukoplakia of mouth mucosa before and after the treatment involving antioxidant drugs. The enzymatic activity studied was increased in leukoplakia. Cryotherapy combined with antioxidants and the treatment with antioxidants only contributed to a decrease in these enzymes activity.
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PMID:[The effect of antioxidants on the activity of acid hydrolases in blood leukocytes from patients with leukoplakia of mouth mucosa]. 261 39

An histoenzymological study (including oxidative enzymes, diaphorases, acid and alkaline phosphatases and naphtolesterases) of 41 biopsy and operation specimens revealed interesting factors in the diagnosis of some lesions of the buccal mucosa, and also of cysts and ameloblastomas of the jaw. When compared with normal buccal mucosa and epidermis, the enzymatic activities found in the oral lesions, fell into three different types. In non dysplasic leukoplakia, enzymatic activities were found that were similar to those of the epidermis (high oxidative activities, particularly prominent in basal cells and in the granular layer and esterasic activity beneath the keratinised layer). In lichen planus, some vacuolized or necrotic basal cells occurred which lacked enzymatic activity. In the upper layers, the distribution of the enzymes was irregular. In severe dysplasia and epidermoid carcinoma, numerous variations of oxidative, esterasic and acid phosphatase activities were seen from one cell to another. Among the lesions of the jaws, radicular cysts as well as dentigerous cysts, had low enzymatic activities, similar to those of normal buccal epithelium. The epidermoid cysts (keratocysts), because of their highly differentiated keratinization, like leukoplakia, had the same enzymatic activities as epidermis. The enzymatic activities of common ameloblastoma differed from those of malpighian tissues (low oxidative activities without decreasing gradient). Besides round epithelial nests, the stroma showed a high and widespread alkaline phosphatase activity, which indicated a low degree of odontogenic induction. Thus, this peculiar stromal activity may be useful in differentiating between cystic epidermoid varieties of ameloblastoma and the other epidermoid cysts of the jaws.
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PMID:[Histoenzymological characteristics of epithelial cells in oral mucosal lesions and jaw cysts. Diagnostic significance]. 657 2