Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
 47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Studied was the activity of the alkaline phosphatase and the transaminases in the serum of clinically normal and ketosis-affected cows as well as cows with an affected liver. The changes were followed in the activity of SGOT and SGPT that had set in as a result of five-day starving and the injection of prednisolon at the rate of 0.5 mg/kg in the course of four days. The activity of serum alkaline phosphatase in ketosis-affected cows proved unchanged--1.99 +/1 0.35 VE. A moderate increase was established in cows with liver affections-- 3.73 +/- 0.35 VE. The hyperenzymemia in ketosis-affected animals, in animals with liver injuries as well as in cows subjected to starving or prednisolon treatment was substantiated by the higher activity of SGOT. Dependable higher values of SGOT were established in the serum of freshly calved cows as compared to cows of advanced lactation. The higher activity of SGOT in animals with ketosis is associated with the physiologic status, starving, enzyme induction, inadequacy of the cell energy balance--all limiting the possibility of it being ascribed with preference to the tissue proliferation or destruction, which is to be expected with cows having an affected liver.
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PMID:[Serum alkaline phosphatase and transaminase activity in cows with clinical ketosis]. 56 31

Investigations were carried out with a total of 276 high-producing and clinically healthy cows that had freshly calved on 11 farms, being divided into groups according to the extent to which ketonuria was present if al all. Whole blood and blood serum were sampled to determine the ketone bodies, blood sugar, erythrocyte and leukocyte counts, hemoglobin, inorganic phosphorus, Ca, Mg, total protein, carotene, and activity of the GOT and GPT enzymes as well as the activity of lactic acid dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, aldolase, and leucine aminopeptidase. Studied were the body temperature, the pulse rate, and the respiration rate. It was found that on farms with ketosis in cows ketonuria was manifested most often after the ketone bodies in the blood rose to 10-12 mg%. At the same time the blood sugar level was lowered and as a rule it showed reverse correlation with the levels of ketonemia and ketonuria. In such cows there was a lowering trend with the Ca and carotene contents and the erythrocyte count, and the respiration rate was higher. There were no changes in the body temperature, pulse rate, leukocyte count, Ca, Mg, hemoglobin, protein, and the activity of aldolase. The activity of the other enzymes mentioned was higher, and it correlated positively with the rise of ketonemia and ketonuria. With diseased cows the activity of alkaline phosphatase only was shown to be lower, negatively correlating with ketonuria.
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PMID:[Changes in the serum enzymes and clinical and clinico-biochemical indices of cows with subclinical ketosis]. 653 57

The study was aimed at informing about the results of metabolic trials in large cattle stocks for the period from 1977 to 1980, particularly in view of the dynamics of changes in different metabolic parameters in each year season. The histogram method of statistical evaluation was used. Attention is drawn to the prevailing risk factors in each season and it is possible to investigate the general trend of the rise of new metabolic disorders, or suppression of older ones, in large cattle stocks. The risk metabolic factors of each season can be derived from the results. The summer season is characterized by the tendency to metabolic and respiratory acidosis, by the highest elimination of calcium combined with potassium stress, and by a lack of sodium ions. In the autumn the animals show a more pronounced form of metabolic and respiratory acidosis, not always sufficiently compensated; the liver is overloaded, there is a tendency to hypocalcaemia, and ketosis occurs more frequently, often very pronounced. In winter the acid-base balance of blood improved, acidosis is compensated more intensively by the renal route, calcium is increasingly eliminated in the urine, the overload on liver function is at its maximum, and ketosis occurs most frequently. The spring findings included increased elimination of calcium with the urine, the lowest Ca X P product over the whole year (this is in a high correlation with the higher activities of the ALP enzyme). the highest load of nitrogen compounds and worsened haemogenesis. It can be stated that the mentioned results represent some improvement in the metabolic profile as compared with earlier studies. The situation in enzyme activities can be regarded as a factor of deterioration: high activities of alkaline phosphatase documenting a tension in the metabolism of calcium and phosphorus, and increasing occurrence of chronical overloading of liver function, particularly in winter.
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PMID:[Changes in metabolic indicators in cattle by season of the year]. 681 64

Neospora caninum is an important cause of abortion in dairy cattle. The general health of affected cows has not been investigated before. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to identify possible relationships between certain metabolic diseases and selected serum biochemical parameters in seropositive dairy cows against N. caninum antibodies in different stages of lactation. The study was carried out using 72 N. caninum seropositive cows and 61 seronegative dairy cows (control). Serum from all cows was tested to determine their N. caninum status (seropositive vs seronegative) using commercially available indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test kit (iELISA). In addition, serum biochemical parameters including beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), glucose, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, total protein, albumin, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) were determined using routine laboratory methods. The stage of lactation was obtained at the time of sampling from farm records. Student independent t-test showed that there was a significant difference in the serum concentrations of BHB, AST, ALT, and LDH between seropositive and seronegative cows. There was no significant association between seropositivity and the stage of lactation. However, multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that there was a strong association between seropositivity and BHB concentrations. Results of this study indicate a possible relationship between N. caninum seropositivity and certain metabolic diseases such as ketosis and fatty liver syndrome in dairy cows.
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PMID:Relationships between certain metabolic diseases and selected serum biochemical parameters in seropositive dairy cows against Neospora caninum infection in different stages of lactation 2874 43

Ketogenic diet (KD) has been used in epilepsy for decades, but previous studies found it may cause severe bone loss. Every-other-day ketogenic diet (EODKD), the combination of KD with intermittent fasting, showed better potential for seizure control recently, while its effects on bone remain unknown. This study aims to establish different ketogenic rat models and compare the influence of EODKD with KD on bone microstructure and metabolism. Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into Control, KD and EODKD groups, fed with standard diet, continuous and intermittent ketogenic diet respectively. After 12 weeks, bone mineral density (BMD) and body fat percentage were obtained by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Micro-CT and three-point bending test were used to evaluate the bone microstructure and mechanical properties. Activities of serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) were measured, together with the osteogenic capabilities of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) tested by ALP activities and alizarin red stain in different osteogenic stage. Both EODKD and KD induced higher ketone and more fat percentage, but led to lower body weight compared with Control group. They both compromised bone mass and mechanical properties. Compared with KD, EODKD demonstrated higher ketone levels, but it also inhibited osteoclastic process as well as early osteogenic differentiation. In general, EODKD accelerated ketosis, but may not deteriorate bone microstructure and strength than KD.
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PMID:Bone microstructure and metabolism changes under the combined intervention of ketogenic diet with intermittent fasting: an in vivo study of rats. 3094 67