Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a group of 29 patients with mechanical icterus and a control group of 38 patients (acute, chronic hepatitis and hyperbilirubinemia) there have been followed up alkaline phosphatase, leucinaminopeptidase and gammaglutamil transpeptidase activities aiming to evaluate the value of gamma GT in differentiation of icterus of various etiology. Comparing the values of the examined cholestase enzymes in patients of obstructive icterus it could be seen that gamma GT was positive in the largest percentage of the diseased, (69,6%), then APH (89,7%) AND LAP (86,3%). Gamma GT has shown to be selective test for obstruction of hepatobiliary tract but it is not selective for discovering cause of obstruction. It can be explained by the fact that activity of gamma GT could be found both in mechanical icterus caused by calculosis or tumours (with a very high activity) and in patients with hepatitis with cholestatic component, although in the decresed activity.
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PMID:[The significance of serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase determination in the differentiation of icterus of various etiologies]. 2 11

Isoenzymes of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total gamma-glutamyltransferase (gamma GT) have been studied in patients with increased total ALP. Fractionation of alkaline phosphatase yielded clinical information which could not be obtained by determination ALP and gamma GT alone. 1. There was a high degree of correlation between isoALP 1 (biliary band) and total gamma GT. 2. The ALP2 fraction increases after cytolysis in acute and chronic hepatitis. 3. A new ALP4 fraction appears, probably due to fibroblastic activity, in some histological types of cirrhosis.
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PMID:Studies on alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes in hepatic diseases. Relation to gamma-glutamyltransferase. 2 29

The determination of enzyme activity in serum for the diagnosis of chronic hepatitis has become increasingly popular. According to the author's experience serum aminotransferase is raised in about 100% of cases of chronic active hepatitis and also in active cirrhosis, but in only about 70--80% of persisting hepatitis or in moderately active chronic hepatitis. They are frequently normal in inactive cirrhosis. After aminotransferases the alkaline phosphatase is of great importance for the differential diagnosis of icterus. If aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase are determined at the same time, every cholestatic icterus can be diagnosed with certainty.
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PMID:[Clinical enzyme diagnosis in chronic hepatitis. Possibilities and limitations (author's transl)]. 10 40

In a study of fifty patients subjected to cardiac surgery nine (18%) had immediate post-operative liver complications. These included persistente jaundice, an increase in hepatomegaly and elevation of the alkaline phosphatase. In these and the rest of the cases there were extra-hepatic complications such as hyposystole, infarct, the post-pericardiotomy syndrome as related to the heart. Pulmonary complications were of infectious nature and a general complication was sepsis. These complications were sufficiently important to relate them etiologically to the hepatic disorder. Especially important is right hyposystole and it or tricuspid insufficiency can be blamed for the hepatic disorder in some of these patient. Nonetheless, these hepatic complications are seen less frequently now that we are giving effective treatment to the tricuspid insufficiency during the surgical intervention. We observed the clinical picture known as "benign postoperative cholestasis" in only two patients. Hepatitis with jaundice was seen in four patients during one to three months postoperatively. This was HB hepatitis and its course was more prolonged than that usually seen in Mexico, and it turned into chronic hepatitis in four patients. Biopsies done in one case a six months and in the other at nine months post-operatively showed the picture of chronic aggresive hepatitis. In those patients who did not have hepatic complications a late liver evaluation showed an improvement as compared to the pre-operative condition which was parallel to the hemodynamic improvement.
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PMID:[Hepatic complications in the postoperative of cardiac surgery]. 123 73

Serum glutathione reductase activity was measured in various conditions including acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, malignant neoplastic diseases, and obstructive jaundice. A statistically significant elevation of the enzyme activity was found in all of these clinical conditions above normal value, especially in patients with acute hepatitis, some liver cancer, and malignant biliary obstruction. Comparison with other liver function tests showed the existence of statistically significant correlations of serum glutathione reductase with SGOT, SGPT and alkaline phosphatase in acute hepatitis, and with alkaline phosphatase in cirrhosis. In parenchymatous liver disease, serial determination was found to be important. High values in obstructive jaundice suggest the malignant obstruction.
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PMID:Clinical significance of serum glutathione reductase in various clinical conditions, especially in liver diseases. 125 42

Increased concentrations of neopterin have been found in conditions causing a stimulation of cellular immunity, including various malignancies. In liver diseases, serum or urinary neopterin levels have been studied in acute viral hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, fatty liver and liver cirrhosis. In the present study neopterin serum levels have been measured in 16 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), in 32 patients with liver cirrhosis, and in 28 healthy subjects as controls. Mean values of serum neopterin were significantly increased (p < 0.01) in patients with HCC (15.89 +/- 6.34 nmol/l) when compared with those of normal subjects (4.74 +/- 2.13 nmol/l), but no difference was observed between patients with HCC (associated or not with liver cirrhosis) and patients with liver cirrhosis. Neopterin concentrations are not affected by liver cirrhosis aetiology, nor by its clinical severity, and are not correlated to the values of serum alpha-fetoprotein, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl-transferase, and gamma-globulin. The results show that there is a consistent overlap of values in patients with HCC and liver cirrhosis; macrophage activation seems to be a feature of chronic liver diseases, irrespective of HCC development.
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PMID:Serum neopterin levels in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. 128 21

The diagnostic efficacy of serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) activities was examined, using the records of 270 dogs initially suspected of having hepatobiliary disease on the basis of history, findings on physical examination, results of baseline screening tests, or any combination of these data. Histologic examination of hepatic tissue was performed in each dog. Sixty-three dogs did not have histologic evidence of hepatobiliary disease and served as the control group. On the basis of diagnosis, dogs were assigned to 1 of 8 groups: dogs with cirrhosis (n = 34), steroid hepatopathy (n = 16), hepatic neoplasia (primary and secondary, n = 36), chronic hepatitis (n = 14), chronic passive congestion (n = 5), hepatic necrosis (n = 17), portosystemic vascular anomaly (n = 35), and cholestasis (extrahepatic bile-duct obstruction and intrahepatic cholestasis, n = 50). Of the 207 dogs with hepatobiliary disease, 29 (14%) had normal ALP and GGT activities, 31 (15%) had normal ALP activity, and 112 (54%) had normal GGT activity. Of the 63 control dogs, 29 (46%) had normal serum ALP and GGT activities, 32 had normal ALP activity (ALP specificity, 51%), and 55 had normal GGT activity (GGT specificity, 87%). The specificity of ALP and GGT in parallel (positive result = result of either test abnormal) was 46%, and in series (positive result = results of both tests abnormal) was 91%. The highest median activities of ALP developed in dogs with cholestasis, steroid hepatopathy, chronic hepatitis, and hepatic necrosis. The highest median activities of GGT developed in dogs with steroid hepatopathy, cholestasis, and hepatic necrosis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Diagnostic efficacy of serum alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyltransferase in dogs with histologically confirmed hepatobiliary disease: 270 cases (1980-1990). 135 70

Serum HBV-DNA detection represents a new and important diagnostic tool for the hepatologist, as well as a prognostic and therapeutic guide. Though most laboratories use genomic radioactive probes, the appearance of commercially available enzyme-linked oligonucleotide probes, which simplify the method, represents an advance in HBV-DNA detection. In order to verify the value of an enzyme-linked (alkaline phosphatase) oligonucleotide probe in HBV-DNA detection, we have first compared the results of the detection of serum HBV-DNA in 46 patients at different serological stages of HBV infection using this probe and with those obtained using a genomic P32-labeled probe. Fisher's test analysis of the results shows statistical significance; this indicates a high correlation between methods. Secondly, we have tested 296 sera of patients at different serological stages of HBV infection with the enzyme-linked probe; we have found HBV-DNA in 8 patients with acute hepatitis (61.54%), 61 HBeAg (70.12%), and 7 anti-HBe (12.07%) chronic hepatitis. These results show the value of this probe for routine survey of serum HBV-DNA using a simple method which avoids the use of radioactivity.
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PMID:An enzyme-linked (alkaline phosphatase) oligonucleotide probe for the detection of serum hepatitis B virus DNA. 140 81

Clinical chemistry studies in the diagnosis of hamster diseases have received little attention. Although normal values exist for serum constituents, the effects of disease on these values are not well documented. Chronic hepatitis is endemic in several Syrian hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) colonies and is reported mainly through routine histologic examination. We investigated whether any differences in serum clinical chemistries were present in animals with hepatobiliary disease versus unaffected hamsters. Only serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and bile acids were significantly elevated in hamsters with chronic hepatitis only. In hamsters that had both chronic hepatitis and biliary disease, the serum ALT, alkaline phosphatase, cholesterol, and bile acids were significantly elevated. The results of this study indicated that serum clinical chemistries may be a useful antemortem diagnostic test for chronic hepatobiliary disease in hamsters.
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PMID:Laboratory assessment of chronic hepatitis in Syrian hamsters. 166 97

Serum Mn-superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) was determined in patients with various liver diseases including 31 patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), 46 with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), 17 with liver cirrhosis (LC), 23 with chronic hepatitis (CH) and 12 patients with obstructive jaundice with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using a specific monoclonal antibody. The serum level in patients with PBC (407 +/- 35 ng/ml, mean +/- SEM; n = 31) was significantly increased (p less than 0.01) compared with those of other liver diseases. Mn-SOD level did not correlate with total bilirubin level, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity, alkaline phosphatase activity, alanine aminotransferase activity, IgM, or with ceruloplasmin level in the sera of the patients. When the patients with PBC were histologically subdivided into four groups according to Scheuer's classification (Scheuer PJ. Primary biliary cirrhosis. In: Scheuer PJ, ed. Liver biopsy interpretation. 3rd ed. London: Bailliere Tindall, 1980:47-56), a high level of serum Mn-SOD was noticed in the early stage as well as in the advanced stage of the disease. Immunoblot analysis confirmed the reactivity and specificity of the monoclonal antibody to the enzyme protein in the patients' sera. Immunostaining of a liver biopsy specimen from the patients with PBC revealed increased expression of the enzyme protein in damaged epithelial cells of interlobular bile ducts, bile ductules, and degenerated hepatocytes. These data suggested that free radicals including superoxide anion are possibly involved in the pathogenesis of the disease and Mn-SOD may play some role in a protection against the superoxide anion.
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PMID:Elevated level of serum Mn-superoxide dismutase in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis: possible involvement of free radicals in the pathogenesis in primary biliary cirrhosis. 168 6


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