Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A correlation was sought between changes in enzymes involved in gastric acid secretion (Mg-, NaK-, K- and HCO3-stimulated ATPases) and histological changes in gastric biopsies. Alkaline phosphatase was also studied. Mg- and NaK-stimulated ATPase activities increased significantly in biopsies from the pylorus and antrum which showed moderate or severe gastritis. NaK ATPase levels increased and HCO3 ATPase decreased in incisural, body and fundic mucosa which had intestinal metaplasia and atrophic gastritis. No K+ ATPase was found in normal mucosa. The total activity of alkaline phosphatase did not vary with histological changes in the gastric mucosa. Results indicate that the ATPase enzyme systems are sensitive indicators of gastric mucosal disease.
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PMID:Mucosal enzyme patterns in gastric epithelial disease. 21 78

Biochemical method was adopted to examine 10 kinds of histologic enzyme spectrum activities in gastric intestinal metaplasia, carcinoma and normal or superficial gastritis mucosa taken from different sites from 17 fresh surgical specimens of stomach. The enzymes are aldolase (ALD), pyruvate kinase (PYK), phospho hexo-isomerase (PHI), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine phosphokinase (CPK), hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (HBD), glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), acid phosphatase (ACP), r-glutamyl-transpeptidase (gamma-GT). Among glycolytic enzymes the content of ALD, PYK in intestinal metaplasia were 24.5 u and 24.6 u respectively, which were higher than those in the normal mucosa (15.7, 18.0) and lower than carcinoma (28.4, 29.6) (P less than 0.01-0.05). The content of CPK in intestinal metaplasia was lower (218.5 u) than that in the normal (463.9 u) and higher than that in carcinoma (110.3 u) (P less than 0.01). Among protease and amino acid enzymes the content of HBD in intestinal metaplasia was lower (108.2 u) than those in the normal (221.3 u) and carcinoma (113.9 u) (P less than 0.05). The content of GPT in intestinal metaplasia was (6.7 u) which was lower than that in the normal (9.4 u) and higher than that in carcinoma (3.7 u) (P less than 0.01). The above results could provide reference indices for judging the potential malignancy of gastric intestinal metaplasia.
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PMID:[Relationship between gastric carcinoma and enzyme spectrum activity in gastric mucosal intestinal metaplasia]. 161 87

The immunosuppressive activity of RS-61443, a semisynthetic derivative of mycophenolic acid, was examined in 33 canine renal allografts. Initial studies established that triple therapy consisting of 20 mg/kg RS-61443 in combination with 5 mg/kg cyclosporine and 0.1 mg/kg methylprednisolone was the optimal combination to prevent graft rejection. The median survival time was 8.1 +/- 1.2 days in dogs without treatment (n = 5), 8.5 +/- 1.7 days in the treatment control group (CsA 5 mg/kg, MP 0.1 mg/kg; n = 6), 36.0 +/- 9.6 days with RS-61443 monotherapy (40 mg/kg; n = 6); and 122.4 +/- 38.75 days with triple therapy (n = 16). Graft prolongation was statistically significant when compared with controls (P less than 0.05 and 0.002, respectively). Six recipients in the triple therapy group survived over 150 days without major adverse effects. Long-term administration of RS-61443 (20 mg/kg/day) did not cause nephrotoxicity, hematotoxicity, or hepatotoxicity, with the exception of a slight elevation of the alkaline phosphatase levels. Gastrointestinal symptoms including gastritis, diarrhea, and anorexia were common, especially under 40 mg/kg RS-61443 monotherapy, and appeared to be dose-related. Despite its immunosuppressive activity, an increased susceptibility to bacterial or viral infections was not observed. Histological studies of the kidney grafts revealed slight interstitial cell infiltration without vascular or glomerular damage.
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PMID:RS-61443--a new, potent immunosuppressive agent. 198 98

Examined were 104 patients after endoscopic removal of gastric polyps. In regular treatment of concomitant achylic gastritis, the activity of gastric juice normalized in 11 (17.4%) patients, the incidence of detection of alkaline phosphatase in it reduced 6-fold, thermostable fraction--27-fold, no polyp recurrences were revealed. Without treatment of gastritis, at control gastrofibroscopy, in 3 patients, the polyp recurrences were revealed, the indices of gastric secretion in 60% of the cases worsened.
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PMID:[Treatment of patients with gastric polyps]. 281 Oct 97

Ten patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) were clinically followed under the conditions of follow-up care. The diagnosis of the patients was made vie biochemical immunologic, histological and instrumental investigations. The average term for follow up was 4 years and 5 months. All patients were actively checked up by summoning every 6 months. The average incidence of hospitalization at the clinic was 1 year and 5 months. Pruritus preceded all other symptoms--1 year and 11 months on the average. Jaundice was established 1 year and 7 months after the manifestation of pruritus and the dirty greyish pigmentation of the skin--1 year and 11 months after pruritus. Hepatomegaly was established 1 year and 7 months after pruritus. Increased alkaline phosphatase, blood bilirubin and cholesterol were observed in all patients and increase of IgM in 80 per cent, and antimitochondrial antibodies--in 70 per cent. Xanthelasma and xanthoma were found only in patients with high levels of cholesterol and total fats. The treatment with dihydrocortison induced stomach complaints (erosive gastritis), intersifying bone chanes in 20 per cent of the patients. X-ray and instrumental methods have a relative value in making the diagnosis of PBC. It could be concluded from the complex treatment that corticosteroids give complications and the treatment with cholestiramine--to attenuation of pruritus. The average survival after making the diagnosis is 6 years.
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PMID:[Clinical-dispensary finding of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis]. 293 78

Peptidases, phosphatases, glycosidases, non-specific esterases, succinate dehydrogenase, cholinesterases, and carbohydrate components were studied in bioptic material of the normal and diseased human stomach using well established older, modified older, and new qualitative histochemical methods. For the first time, an enzyme pattern is reported for all regions of the human mucosa. Local and regional enzyme histochemical differences existed between the cardiac, fundic, body, and pyloric mucosa. Differences were absent, however, in the same region, and no differences were found between the anterior and posterior wall and the large and small curvature of the stomach. In cases of histologically less severe gastritis as a rule, enzyme histochemical changes were not found. They were numerous, however, in biopsies of patients with severe gastritis; only amino-peptidases A and M were unchanged. Dipeptidyl peptidase IV was absent; gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase exhibited individual differences. Alkaline phosphatase occurred in the pericapillary stroma and adenosine phosphates were not hydrolysed in atrophic glandular epithelia. Activity increases of lysosomal dipeptidyl peptidase I and beta-D-glucuronidase were typical for inflammatory infiltration processes of the gastric mucosa. Severe atrophy was accompanied by an activity decrease of glandular non-specific esterases, dipeptidyl peptidase II, and beta-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase and an activity decrease of the stromal peptidases and glycosidases. Enzyme activity was absent in the gastric glands proper in cases of total atrophy. An increase in macrophage number was primarily linked with an increase in acid phosphatase activity. Alkaline phosphatase, aminopeptidase M and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activities were enhanced in malignant neoplasms. High activities of all peptidases and alkaline phosphatase were found in the brush border of surface epithelial cells in cases of intestinal metaplasia. Except for dipeptidyl peptidase I and II, the enzyme pattern corresponds to that of small intestinal enterocytes. Compared with histological routine procedures for gastric diagnosis and assessment of the course enzyme histochemical methods deliver additional information; practically, however, the enzyme histochemical analysis of gastric biopsies are only useful in special cases.
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PMID:[Histochemical studies of human stomach biopsies with special reference to hydrolases]. 313 86

Biopsy specimens of human gastric mucosa of patients with gastric complaints and subjected to endoscopic examination were cultured microaerobically, and Campylobacter pyloridis was detected in 46 out of 80 cases (57.5%). The organism was found in 13 out of 22 patients with gastritis, 11 out of 16 with gastric ulcer scar, 7 out of 16 with gastric ulcer, 3 out of 9 with gastric polyp, 4 out of 5 with gastric carcinoma, 2 out of 2 with esophagus carcinoma, and 6 out of 9 with other gastric diseases. The isolates were identified as C. pyloridis, demonstrating its characteristic features such as positive for oxidase and catalase, negative for reduction of nitrite and nitrate, positive for urease, no growth at 25 C, growth at 37 C, not tolerant to 1% glycine, and resistant to nalidixic acid. Positive alkaline phosphatase activity was considered as an additional feature characteristic for the strains of C. pyloridis. The major cellular fatty acids were tetradecanoic acid and 19-carbon-cyclopropane acid. This pattern is unique among Campylobacter species. The survival of the organism for a longer period than 60 min at pH 2.5 indicates its significant resistance to acidic environment.
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PMID:Isolation of Campylobacter pyloridis from human gastric mucosa and characterization of the isolates. 343 27

Campylobacter pylori (C. pyloridis) is a fastidious organism found in the gastric mucosa associated with histological gastritis and peptic ulceration. A rapid identification scheme that detects the presence of preformed enzymes (Rosco Diagnostica, Taastrup, Denmark) was applied to clinical isolates of C. pylori. The isolates tested were a very homogeneous group. They all produced oxidase, catalase, urease, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl aminopeptidase, leucine aminopeptidase, and DNase. None produced any of 44 other enzymes tested. No other campylobacter strains produced gamma-glutamyl aminopeptidase, except the six strains of Campylobacter jejuni biotype 2. Different results were obtained with similar substrates produced by other manufacturers, probably due to small substrate differences. These tests are useful for the rapid identification of C. pylori but would be unhelpful in any biotyping scheme. They can also be used to help differentiate other groups within the genus Campylobacter.
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PMID:Rapid identification of Campylobacter pylori (C. pyloridis) by preformed enzymes. 365 41

Biopsy specimens from the antral and body part of the stomach were studied for a range of marker enzymes in 11 patients with superficial gastritis, 9 patients with atrophic gastritis, and 31 Billroth-II-resected patients and compared with activities found in controls with normal gastric mucosa. In the antral part of the stomach increased gamma-glutamyltransferase activity was found in superficial (p less than 0.01) and atrophic gastritis (p less than 0.05), whereas monoamine oxidase activity was decreased in superficial (p less than 0.01) and atrophic gastritis (p less than 0.05). In the body part, increased activity of gamma-glutamyltransferase (p less than 0.01) and acid-beta-glucuronidase (p less than 0.01) was found in superficial gastritis. In atrophic gastritis increased activities for lactase (p less than 0.01), alkaline phosphatase (p less than 0.05), leucyl-beta-naphthylamidase (p less than 0.05), gamma-glutamyltransferase (p less than 0.05), 5'-nucleotidase (p less than 0.01), N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (p less than 0.05), and acid-beta-glucuronidase (p less than 0.01) were found. Specimens from the gastric remnant showed an enzyme activity pattern similar to that seen in the body in atrophic gastritis, apart from a significantly decreased monoamine oxidase activity (p less than 0.004). Specimens with dysplasia in the gastric remnant showed decreased monoamine oxidase activity when compared with specimens without dysplasia (p less than 0.01).
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PMID:Enzyme activities in human gastric mucosa in gastritis and resected stomachs. 381

Late results of Billroth I (BI) partial gastrectomy for peptic ulcer in 19 patients were compared with those in 19 patients who had undergone Billroth II (B II) operation. The groups were matched for age and sex and were re-examined 21 to 27 years postoperatively. The study included notation of abdominal symptoms and haematologic status and tests of calcium metabolism with serum D-vitamin concentrations [S-25(OH)D2 and S-25(OH)D3], A-vitamin absorption, lactose and d-xylose tolerance and barium meal transit time to assess intestinal function, gastroscopy with biopsies, and measurement of bone mineral density, using the 241Am gamma ray attenuation method. In the paired comparisons of B I and B II patients, no significant difference was found in haematologic status or results of intestinal function tests. The serum alkaline phosphatase activity was significantly higher after B II than after B I, whereas S-25(OH)D2 and S-25(OH)D3 were significantly higher in the B I group. Other data for calcium metabolism showed no significant intergroup difference. Bone mineral density likewise was not significantly different in the two groups, but in both of them the values were significantly lower than in healthy control subjects. Most patients in both Billroth groups had atrophic mucosal gastritis.
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PMID:Long-term follow-up after Billroth I and II partial gastrectomy. Gastrointestinal tract function and changes in bone metabolism. 649 79


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