Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Rabbit globin complementary DNA made with RNA-dependent DNA polymerase (reverse transcriptase) was used as a template for in vitro synthesis of 32P-labeled RNA and deoxysubstituted RNA. The sequences of the nucleotides in most of the fragments resulting from combined ribonuclease T1 and alkaline phosphatase digestion have been determined. In addition, the 3' nearest neighbor was determined for several fragments resulting from digestion with T1 ribonuclease. The utility of the deoxysubstitution technique was demonstrated by the ease with which the sequences of pyrimidine-rich fragments could be determined. Many sequences thus determined were long enough to fit uniquely with the alpha- or beta-globin amino acid sequences. The positions of these fits were found to be clustered, leading us to believe that only certain regions of the complementary DNA are transcribed by Escherichia coli RNA polymerase. Other unique characteristics of RNA synthesis from a complementary DNA template include a high yield of free poly(A) and the fact that one must use low rather than high salt buffers to obtain transcripts of high molecular weight.
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PMID:Rabbit globin mRNA: analysis of T1 RNAse digestion fragments. 6 35

Radiologically diagnosed rickets was found to be common in children of the poorer classes in Tehran. It was frequently associated with gastroenteritis or bronchopneumonia and a large proportion of the children were severely underweight for their age. In children below the age of 1 year malnutrition tended to mask the signs of rickets. Convulsions were much less frequent in the malnourished children; the concentration of calcium in the serum was higher and that of alkaline phosphatase was lower than in those who were well nourished. Biochemistry is of little value in the diagnosis of rickets in the presence of malnutrition.
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PMID:Rickets in Tehran. Study of 200 cases. 112 45

A 52-week oral repeated dose toxicity study of suplatast tosilate (IPD-1151T), a newly developed anti-allergic agent, was carried out in beagles by oral administration of 30, 90, 270 and 810 mg/kg/day for 52 weeks. The recovery study was carried out by the withdrawal for 5 weeks using control and the 810 mg/kg groups. The results are as follows: 1. Observation of general conditions revealed soft feces, mucous feces, and diarrhea in both sexes of the 270 and 810 mg/kg groups during the administration period, and these findings disappeared during the withdrawal period. One female of the 810 mg/kg group exhibited tremors in the legs and neck, staggering, a decrease of spontaneous motor activity, and clonic convulsions in Week 17 of administration and died on Day 118. One male of the same group exhibited whole body tremors and staggering from Week 32 to Week 52. 2. Body weight gain tended to be inhibited in males of the 810 mg/kg group during the administration period. The body weight of the female that died decreased rapidly after the appearance of neurological symptoms. The body weight of the male that exhibited neurological symptoms decreased after their appearance but later increased. 3. There were no abnormal changes in food consumption in all of the sacrificed dogs. The female that died did not eat at all after the appearance of neurological symptoms. The male that exhibited neurological symptoms did not eat at all for 1 week after their appearance, but the food consumption returned to normal thereafter. 4. Prothrombin times were prolonged in males of the 270 and 810 mg/kg groups at Week 26, and activated partial thromboplastin times were prolonged in males of the 810 mg/kg group at Week 52. 5. Plasma levels of alkaline phosphatase, GPT and LDH were elevated in some males and females of the 810 mg/kg groups. 6. No abnormalities due to IPD-1151T administration were found in urinalysis, opthalmological examination, electrocardiography, and fecal occult blood examination, or organ weights. 7. Autopsies including histopathological and electron microscopic examinations on the sacrificed dogs revealed no abnormalities. Subserosal hemorrhage in the base of the heart, congestion in the lungs, congestion and vacuolation in the liver and slight cell infiltration around vessels of the brain were found in the female that died.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:[A fifty two-week oral repeated dose toxicity study of suplatast tosilate (IPD-1151T) in dogs]. 132 Dec 56

We describe a kinetic method for the determination of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) isoenzymes, based on fluorescence detection of 4-methylumbelliferone. Several different buffer-inhibitor combinations and substrate concentrations were evaluated. Best results were obtained for inhibition with 2.9 mol/L urea in amino-2-methyl-1-propanol buffer. With this combination, normal concentrations of bone- and liver-type ALP could be determined from kinetic data during an 8-min measurement period. We computed initial velocities from parameters for first-order fits during 1.2 half-lives of the response for liver-type ALP. A linear least-squares fit of initial velocities (y) determined in this way vs results obtained with a comparison procedure (x) gave good correlations. We also estimated total signal changes, delta S, from first-order fits during four half-lives. Isoenzyme content correlated well with parameters computed from the first-order fits. Values for standard errors of the estimates represent 5% and 3% of median responses for activities and isoenzyme content, respectively. When compared with an absorbance-based method described previously, this method had threefold shorter measurement times, but imprecisions were 1.6- to 1.8-fold larger.
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PMID:Simultaneous determinations of liver- and bone-type alkaline phosphatase by curve-fitting of inhibition kinetic data. II. Development and evaluation of a fluorescence-based method. 154 Oct 8

Congenital hepatic fibrosis (CHF) is a recognized cause of portal hypertension with oesophageal varices, gastro-intestinal haemorrhage and cholangitis in children without significant impairment of hepatic or renal function. This report describes the varied clinical presentation of CHF as seen at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSH & RC) and emphasizes the clinical patterns that should enable a pediatrician to consider the diagnosis. Fourteen children with CHF were diagnosed between 1981 and 1988. The age at presentation ranged from 1.8-14 years (mean: 7.5 years); clinical manifestations at diagnosis were splenomegaly (12), hepatomegaly (11), failure to thrive (10), marked abdominal distention (4), and fever (4). Liver function tests were normal except for high alkaline phosphatase. Eight patients had polycystic kidneys confirmed on ultrasound examination. Upper gastro-intestinal endoscopy showed oesophageal varices of variable severity in all eight patients examined. Splenoportography revealed splenic vein occlusion in one patient. One patient died within days of admission with convulsions, coma, and aspiration pneumonia. One patient was lost to follow-up. The remaining 12 patients are all alive and receive regular follow-up. Two patients required splenorenal shunt. In view of the prevalence of consanguinity in Saudi Arabia, the diagnosis of CHF should be considered in children with hepatomegaly despite normal liver function tests, and particularly in those with renal abnormalities and/or evidence of portal hypertension.
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PMID:Congenital hepatic fibrosis in Saudi Arabia. 178 58

A seventeen-year-old youth was presented with muscle cramps and convulsions. A brain CT scan showed calcification in the region of the ganglia, and a diagnosis of brain tumor was thus made and an anticonvulsant given for two years. At age nineteen, the patient developed pseudohypoparathyroidism owing to low serum calcium and high serum PTH levels. However, serum alkaline phosphatase and serum osteocalcin levels were high, lesion was detected in the femur neck. These data indicated that the bone remodeling response to PTH had remained intact in this patient. Serum osteocalcin is known to increase in primary hyperparathyroidism. However, unlike patients with hyperparathyroidism, those with pseudohypoparathyroidism show no increase in serum 1,25(OH)2D. The present case was thus useful for examining the direct effect of PTH on serum osteocalcin. The patient was administered 1 alpha (OH)D, and his condition monitored for two years. During this period, osteocalcin and PTH levels decreased while that of 1,25(OH)2D increased. Osteocalcin and PTH levels were found to be closely correlated (r = 0.68, p less than 0.01). The present results indicate the possibility that PTH may increase serum osteocalcin independent of Vitamin D.
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PMID:[Serum osteocalcin concentration in a patient with pseudohypoparathyroidism type Ib]. 188 14

This report described seventeen patients suffering from fulminant hepatitis and had a rapid fatal course. They were all residents of Southern Thailand. Fourteen cases were recognized between April and August which is the beginning of the rainy season in this part of the country. All age groups were found with males slightly predominant. Clinical manifestation presented with fever and later developed jaundice, convulsion and other central nervous system symptoms, liver failure and acute renal failure. Four cases had pneumonia and another three cases had pleural effusion. Laboratory investigations revealed hyperbilirubinemia, marked increase in serum transaminases, a variable alkaline phosphatase level and electrolytes derangement. HBsAg was positive in only two of fourteen cases. Blood cultures and serological examination for infections were unfruitful. Histopathological changes of the liver were classified into three types; type 1 massive hepatocellular coagulation necrosis; type 2 massive scattered hepatocellular necrosis and type 3 massive bridging hepatocellular necrosis. Electron microscopy of five cases revealed spherical viral-like particles ranging in size 70 to 90 nm in diameter, in the cytoplasm of liver cells. This is believed to be a unique type of fulminant hepatitis, possibly viral in origin, and were clinically and pathologically different from the previously described fulminant viral hepatitis.
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PMID:Fulminant hepatitis, possible virus origin: a report of seventeen cases in southern Thailand. 208 15

A 6-year-old girl with cerebral palsy developed conscious disturbance and generalized convulsion after one-hour hot herb drug bath. Physical examination on admission revealed rectal temperature 41 degrees C, hot skin, respiration 46/min, regular heart beat 98/min, BP 130/60 mmHg, Glascow coma scale 4 (E2M1V1), soft and flat abdomen, no hepatosplenomegaly, no skin rash, no focal neurological sign, increased generalized muscle ton. Laboratory data showed CBC: WBC 20400 cumm (Neutrophils 31%, Lymphocytes 69%), Hb 11.6gm%, ESR 11 mm/hr, arterial blood gas: PH 7.077, PO2 43mmHg, PCO2 57.1mmHg, HCO3- 16 mEq/L, BE-11.5mEq/L, serum sodium 143 mEq./L, potassium 5.2 mEq/L, chloride 101 mEq/L, free calcium ion 3.8mg%, GOT 63IU/L, GPT 263 IU/L, amylase 193 IU/L, alkaline phosphatase 388 IU/L, LDH 1245 IU/L, CPK 677 IU/L, total bilirubin 0.8 mg/dl, direct type 0.1 mg/dl, BUN 18 mg/dl, Glucose 35 mg/dl. Urinalysis revealed proteinuria( ) trace hematuria and pyuria, but no cast. Lumbar puncture is within normal limits. Bacteriology including blood and CSF are normal. Multiple organ failure was noted at that time. Intensive cooling methods were performed including central and peripheral cooling. We used luminal and valium to control the seizure. Condition didn't improve. Afterwards cardiopulmonary arrest developed. Patient expired 8 hours after admission despite of resuscitation. Heat stroke in infancy and childhood is different from that in adulthood. The predisposing factors are high ambient temperature, dehydration, very young baby, sweat gland dysfunction, or ectodermal dysplasia. Definition of heat stroke includes 1) rectal temperature above 41 degrees C, 2) behavioral change, 3) warm skin, wet or dry.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Status epilepticus induced by prolonged immersion in hot herb bath: report of one case]. 263 19

The prevalence of variant alkaline phosphatase in the serum of 335 southern African blacks with hepatocellular carcinoma was determined using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The isoenzyme was detected in 2% (seven of 335) of the patients: it could not be found in the serum of 300 matched, healthy individuals or in 56 patients with various benign hepatic diseases. Variant alkaline phosphatase is thus of little use as a diagnostic marker of hepatocellular carcinoma in southern African blacks. The reported prevalence of this isoenzyme in hepatocellular carcinoma ranges between 3% and 31%. Higher frequencies usually are recorded in populations with a low incidence of the tumor, and the lowest frequencies have been found in Chinese patients. Our finding of variant alkaline phosphatase in only 2% of another high incidence population fits this trend. Patients with tumors that secreted the variant isoenzyme had a significantly higher serum total alkaline phosphatase activity than those with tumors lacking this property.
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PMID:The prevalence of variant alkaline phosphatase in hepatocellular carcinoma in southern African blacks. 284 30

Polyclonal antibodies were raised in guinea pigs against troponin-T (TnT) isoforms purified from fast- and slow-twitch rabbit muscles. With the use of these antibodies and immunoblots of one- and two-dimensional electrophoreses, the distribution of fast and slow TnT isoforms was investigated in normal and chronically stimulated hindlimb muscles of the rabbit. According to differences in their apparent molecular masses, six fast TnT isoforms (TnTcf, TnT1f, TnT2f, TnT3f, TnT4f, TnT5f) were distinguished in normal tibialis anterior and extensor digitorum longus muscles. These muscles also contained low amounts of TnT1s and TnT2s which were the predominant TnT isoforms in slow-twitch soleus muscle. Fast and slow TnT isoforms were found to exist in several charge variants, i.e. one for TnTcf, three different charge forms for TnT1f, seven for TnT2f, four for TnT3f, three for TnT4f, one for TnT5f, four for TnT1s, and three for TnT2s. Some charge variants were phosphorylated isoforms because treatment with alkaline phosphatase reduced the number of the 19 fast and 7 slow variants to 12 and 3, respectively. The stimulation-induced fast-to-slow transition caused progressive decreases in fast and increases in slow isoforms. The decrease and the disappearance of the major fast isoforms followed a sequence of TnT2f, TnTcf, TnT4f, TnT1f, and TnT3f. This decrease in fast isoforms fits well with the reduction of fast TnT mRNAs assessed by Northern blot analysis. Prolonged stimulation ultimately created a TnT isoform pattern similar to that found in normal slow-twitch muscle. Stimulation also induced changes in the tropomyosin subunit pattern with a decrease in the fast and an increase in the slow alpha-tropomyosin subunit without altering the alpha/beta-tropomyosin subunit ratio. Similar to slow-twitch soleus muscle, long-term stimulated muscles contained appreciable amounts of the fast alpha-tropomyosin subunit, but only traces of fast TnT isoforms. This combination indicated that the predominant slow TnT isoforms may be capable of interacting with fast tropomyosin in these muscles.
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PMID:The multiplicity of troponin T isoforms. Distribution in normal rabbit muscles and effects of chronic stimulation. 291 64


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