Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
 47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A characteristic alkaline phosphatase (orthophosphoric monoester hydrolase, alkaline pH optimum, EC 3.1.3.1) was detected in the sera of most patients with infectious mononucleosis, acute and chronic lymphatic leukaemia, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Burkitt's lymphoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The enzyme was also present in the sera of nine out of 26 patients with cancer of the cervix. N-APase in these cases counted 30-100% of the total alkaline phosphatase activity. N-APase was absent from the sera of healthy individuals and of patients with acute and chronic granulocytic leukaemia, breast cancer, colon cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, ulcerative colitis, systemic lupus erythematosis, hepatitis and obstructive jaundice. Only three of 22 patients with Hodgkin's disease showed n-apase activity in the serum. In infectious mononucleosis the presence of N-APase activity was well correlated with the clinical course. In 13 cases studied, the clinical improvement was associated with the decrease or disappearance of N-APase activity. N-APase activity could not be detected in white cells of acute myeloid leukaemic patients, nor in the cells of myeloid blastic crisis of chronic granulocytic leukaemia. It was present in the cells of lymphoid blastic crisis of chronic granulocytic leukaemia.
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PMID:N-alkaline phosphatase: a potential disease marker for lymphoproliferative disorders. 43 2

An essential part of the classification of prostate carcinoma is the diagnosis of bone metastases. This was done with 70 patients using x-ray analysis, scintography, determination of the acid and alkaline phosphatase, and pelvic crest biopsy, as well as aspiration of the pelvic and sternal bone marrow. In addition, the hydroxyproline concentration was determined in the 24-hour-urine. The study, which was initially undertaken on a sample group (n = 145), yielded a high correlation between age and sex and hydroxyproline values. Women before menopause show significantly lower values than do men of the same age. The data on patients with prostata cancer (n = 70) showed that patients with and without bone metastases, who had been treated with estrogens, had a significantly lower quantity of hydroxyproline than did patients who had not received estrogen therapy. Patients with skeletal metastases (n = 24) showed significantly higher hydroxyproline excretion in the urine than did those with prostate cancer without metastases, or healthy men of the same age (n = 35). Comparison of the results of hydroxyproline determination with the other diagnostic methods for demonstrating bone metastases showed that hydroxyproline determination was diagnostically on par with the scintigram. Pelvic crest biopsy, pelvic and sternal marrow aspiration can be considered valuable supplementary diagnostic procedures.
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PMID:Urinary hydroxyproline in healthy patients and in prostate patients with and without bone metastases. 44 76

The observation of a non-metastatic reactive hepatopathy associated with a hypernephroma in a 39-year-old man who had had fever for 4 months led to a review of the literature and an analysis of basically three aspects of the disorder: a) The various manifestations of carcinoma of the kidney, which include a large number of paraneoplastic clinical symptoms (polycythemia, anemia, prolonged fever, hypercalcemia, hypertension, nefropathy, loss of salt, peripheral neuropathy, and amyloidosis); b) an alteracion of hepatic function known since 1961 which is characterized by an abnormal retention of sulfobromophthalein, increase of alkaline phosphatase, prothrombin decrease, dysproteinemia with hypoalbuminemia, and alpha2-globulin increase. It may or may not be accompanied by enlargement of the liver. c) Criteria of operability of the primary tumor.
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PMID:[Liver disease associated with hypernephroma. A case report (author's transl)]. 45 99

The nature of the 5'-termini in pre-mRNA isolated from Ehrlich carcinoma cells has been investigated. To discriminate between triphosphorylated 5'-ends and capped structures different methods were used including treatment by alkaline phosphatase and several chromatographic methods. It was shown that heavey pre-mRNA contains a significant number of non-blocked triphosphorylated nucleotides at the 5'-end termini. However, phosphatase resistent, blocked 5'-termini were also found. 5'-terminal nucleotides in triphosphorylated pre-mRNA are G in a 3 : 2 ratio. In contrast to nuclear pre-mRNA cytoplasmic poly(A)+mRNA does not contain triphosphorylated 5'-ends but does contain the "cap" structure only. To elucidate the pre-mRNA topography the localization of homopolymeric regions of pre-mRNA, poly(A) and oligo(U), in relation to 5'terminal structures has been investigated. The experiments showed that the distance between 3'-terminal poly(A) sequences and 5'-end triphosphates is longer than 1500--2000 nucleotides. At the same time the distance between the latter and oligo(U) in pre-mRNA is much shorter.
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PMID:[Structure of nuclear pre-mRNA. XI. Triphosphorylated and blocked 5'-ends in the pre-mRNA]. 46 Jan 97

In rats with Guerin's carcinoma the weight and size of the tumour is twice as low when significant doses of vitamin A are administered. Under these conditions the acceptor capacity of tRNA of the small intestine mucosa as well as the intensity of [14C] retinol incorporation into plasma membranes of its cells decrease essentially, whereas in the mucosa itself the radioactivity remains high. When studying the activity of alkaline phosphatase, amylase in the mucosa and arginase in the liver, a disproportion is found in changes in the enzymes activity on the surface of the small intestine mucosa and in the mucosa homogenate, that may be due to a change in the state of the cell membrane apparatus when the tumour is formed. Under the effect of significant doses of vitamin A there might occur thelysis of the tumour cell membranes, which results in the metabolism normalization.
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PMID:[Effect of vitamin A in significant doses on incorporation of (14C) retinol, acceptor capacity of tRNA and activity of certain enzymes in tissues and plasma membranes of cells in the presence of Guerin's carcinoma]. 46 90

Alkaline phosphatase was extracted from human gastric carcinoma cells (KMK-2) under long-term culture, and its biochemical and biological properties were investigated. The enzyme was extremely heat labile and was inhibited significantly by L-homoarginine, but only slightly by L-phenylalanine, so that it was classified as a liver-type alkaline phosphatase. Comparative studies with liver and early placental alkaline phosphatases revealed that the enzymes all showed a similar extent of inhibition by amino acids, heat stability, immunological character, molecular, and other biochemical properties. However, KMK-2 alkaline phosphatase was more similar to early placental enzyme in electrophoretic and gel filtration pattern. This liver-type alkaline phosphatase was found ultrastructurally on microvilli of KMK-2 cells, but not on the lateral structurally on microvilli of KMK-2 cells, but not on the lateral surface with interdigitating folds. Prednisolone markedly decreased the content of the present isozyme. Although the present phenotype was stable during long-term culture in regard to the isozyme properties, the original cancer cells from which the cell line had been derived were L-phenylalanine sensitive and moderately L-homoarginine sensitive. This indicated that phenotypic change occurred on cultivation of cancer cells in vitro.
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PMID:Characterization of liver-type alkaline phosphatase from human gastric carcinoma cells (KMK-2) in vitro. 49

The C41 cell line, which was derived from a human squamous carcinoma of the uterine cervix, has been characterized by analysis of quinacrine-banded metaphase chromosomes and study of alkaline phosphatase. C41 cells have a distinctive karyotype. They are hypodiploid, with a highly characteristic series of marker chromosomes, most of them derived by translocation or deletion. They contain no HeLa cell marker chromosomes, and the cell line shows no evidence of HeLa cell contamination. Nevertheless, the C41 and the HeLa cell line, both derived from cervix cancer, although of a different histological type, produce similar alkaline phosphatases. The enzyme is heat stable (placental type), is inhibited by L-phenylalanine, and responds to the inducing effects of prednisolone and/or hyperosmolality.
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PMID:Chromosome analysis and alkaline phosphatase of C41, a cell line of human cervical origin distinct from HeLa. 56 Feb 51

It is rather seldom to detect a cancer of the common bile duct at the non-icteric stage of the disease. This report presents a non-icteric case of carcinoma of the choledochus. A 70-year-old woman complained of r-hypochondralgia with occasional fever. Laboratory examination revealed an increased serum alkaline phosphatase activity without any elevation of serum bilirubin content. The oral cholecystography failed to visualize the gallbladder. By endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), a bilateral filling defect was demonstrated at the common bile duct. Pancreatoduodenectomy was performed and the resected specimen showed a 1 X 2 cm tumor (adenocarcinoma) at the choledochus. She is now in good health over 13 months after operation.
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PMID:A case of carcinoma of the common bile duct, diagnosed at the non-icteric stage of the disease. 60 73

The results of determination of the activity of the liver and bone serum alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme were in complete agreement with the clinical, laboratory and gamma-radiographic findings in all 62 examined patients with neoplastic liver metastases and with the same findings in 36 out of 38 patients with bone metastases. Determination of the bone isoenzyme concurred with the radionuclear findings in 27 out of 30 patients. Thermostable serum alkaline phosphatase variants were evaluated in 136 patients. They were found in 8 out of 40 patients with a lung carcinoma and in 8 out of 13 with a primary hepatocellular carcinoma. The findings were correlated with the presence of alpha-1 fetoprotein in the serum. A thermostable variant corresponding to the Nagao isoenzyme was evaluated biochemically in a patient with a stomach carcinoma.
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PMID:Alkaline phosphatases in neoplastic diseases. 61 60

The activity and distribution of acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, nonspecific esterases, beta-glucuronidase, and aminopeptidase were examined in the transplantable R-3327 rat prostatic adenocarcinoma and compared with those in the four prostatic lobes of the rat. Both the well and poorly differentiated tumor cells in R-3327 carcinoma were characterized by high activities of beta-glucuronidase and aminopeptidase. The poorly differentiated cells had a high alkaline phosphatase activity. The enzymatic profile of the R-3327 adenocarcinoma closely resembled that of the anterior and dorsal prostate. The origin of the tumor in one of these prostatic lobes is probable, but not certain.
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PMID:Enzyme activity and distribution in rat prostatic adenocarcinoma. 63 35


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