Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

---

Query: EC:3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase)
47,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Changes in maternal plasma proteins during pregnancy are now well documented. These changes may be quantitative, as seen in the electrophoretically separated fractions of serum and in the various binding globulins; or they may be represented by the appearance of a protein which is present only in the serum of pregnant women. These include the placental isoenzyme of alkaline phosphatase, oxytocinase, human chorionic gonadotropin and the "pregnancy-associated plasma proteins." Other constituents, such as alpha-fetoprotein, salivary amylase, prolactin and the proteins of the "pregnancy zone," which are present in small quantities in non-pregnant women as well as in men, show a substantial increase in concentration in the maternal circulation during pregnancy. An important factor in the etiology of protein changes is the effect of hormones, especially estrogen, on the synthesis and degradation of these proteins. While certain quantitative changes such as those seen in hormone binding proteins may interfere with diagnostic procedures, a number of pregnancy-associated changes in protein composition of the maternal circulation may be used to follow the course of pregnancy by monitoring placental function as well as fetal maturity and well being.
...
PMID:Changes in plasma proteins during pregnancy. 7 57

The purification of the pregnancy zone protein by means of immunoadsorbents is described. The pregnancy zone protein antibody was isolated from an absorbed rabbit antiserum and coupled with CNBr-activated sepharose. The pregnancy zone protein was isolated from pregnancy serum by the specific antibody cross-linked with sepharose. Contaminating serum proteins were eliminated by "inverse" immunoadsorption using antibodies against these proteins coupled with sepharose. An immunoelectrophoretically pure pregnancy zone protein was obtained. By means of a combination of immunoprecipitation and enzyme reaction in agar gel could be excluded that the pregnancy zone protein possesses activities of the following 11 enzymes: ceruloplasmin, leucine amino peptidase, alkaline phosphatase, carboxylic esterase, lactate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, glycerophosphate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphat-dehydrogenase, cholinesterase, acetyl cholinesterase and oxytocinase.
...
PMID:[Isolation of "pregnancy-zone" proteins using immuno absorbents and study of possible enzyme activities]. 17 12

On the basis of the results of serial enzyme and cytohormonal assays in the last lunar month of gestation in 232 pergnant patients with high-risk pregnancy, it has been shown that the "at term" and inflammatory smears, which persist for over five days before labor, and post-partum" smears, significantly correlate with abnormal (low or decreasing) results of serum placental cystine aminopeptidase activity and with the pathologic course of pregnancy and labor as well as with the poor neonates' condition. The average serum placental and tissue cystine aminopeptidase determinations were the lowest in women with "post-partum" smears or persisting "at term" smears. These activities reached their highest they temporarily decreased. The oxytocinase activity curves in women with cytolytic smears were similar to those in patients with the "before term" smear patterns, which persisted before delivery. The average oxytocinase activity in women with the inflammatory smears was at first the highest and later it decreased most rapidly of all the groups under consideration. The maternal serum alkaline phosphatase and its heat-stable fraction in pregnant patients with "post-partum" and persisting "at term" smears were at first the lowest and just before labor the highest of all the cytologic pregnancy patterns. Colpocytograms confirmed their high prognostic value when compared with the enzyme tests of placental function.
...
PMID:Colpocytograms and maternal serum placental cystine aminopeptidase, tissue cystine aminopeptidase, alkaline phosphatase and heat stable alkaline phosphatase activity in monitoring the last four weeks before delivery in high-risk pregnancy. 26 33

Serum enzyme determinations are now well-established diagnostic tools in so-called "placental insufficiency". A good predictability of oxytocinases (P-CAP-placental oxytocinase and T-CAP-tissue oxytocinase) and a doubtful one of those of phosphatases (AP-alkaline phosphatase, HSAP-heat stable alkaline phosphatase) has been shown in high-risk pregnancies. The purpose of this study was to determine the prognostic value of the above cited enzymes in the so-called "pregnancy at neuroendocrinological risk", i.e. pregnancy in women with a prepregnancy history of hormonal disorders. It was shown that the outcome and results of such pregnancies are poorer that those of normal pregnancies. The series studied comprised 364 pregnant patients with pregnancy at neuroendocrinological risk that were being monitored by means of serum assays of the four enzymes. An attempt was made to assess each of these enzyme activities both in single (at least one value below 2.5 percentile calculated for healthy subjects) and serial determinations (two consecutive results decreasing or remaining at the same level). Normal and abnormal enzyme results were compared with normal and abnormal conditions of the newborn. The results presented showed that P-CAP (Tab. I) and T-CAP (Tab. II) levels were useful in prenatal diagnosis of fetal impairment in heneral, in addition to perinatal mortality and low values of the APGAR score. Neither the single nor serial assays of AT (Tab. III) and HSAP (Tab. IV) were valuable in predicting birth of an impaired neonate. Sensitivity of the test, i.e. percentage of women with abnormal enzyme assays among those patients who gave birth to impaired neonates, and specificity of the test, i.e. the percentage of women delivered of impaired neonates among all women with abnormal enzyme assays, of the four enzymes were compared. Sensitvity and specificity of P-CAP and T-CAP were higher than those for AP and HSAP. Moreover, sensitivity for all four enzymes was higher in serial assays, and specificity was higher in single assays. The results of the present analysis demonstrated the prognostic value of oxytocinase assays also in the pregnancy at neuroendocrinological risk. Assays of P-CAP and T-CAP were of equal significance, notwithstanding reports of a greater usefulness of P-CAP. Assays of CAP were helpful particularly in the conditions on which neuroendocrinological gestosis exerts a direct influence, i.e. in low Apgar score and perinatal mortality. On the other hand, serum alkaline phosphatases proved useless in endocrine pathology of pregnancy and HSAP was not superior to AP. About one half of future mothers of impaired neonates had enzyme results outside the range of the assays under consideration. This could be explained by the fact that these enzymes activities reflect placental function and are not directly related to fetal metabolism. Because of that they should be supplemented by other diagnostic methods being used in a clinic of high-risk pregnancy.
...
PMID:Comparative prognostic value of serum placental and tissue oxytocinase, alkaline phosphatase and its heat-stable fraction in pregnancy at neuroendocrinological risk. 101 Oct 62

The aim of the present study was to examine metabolic processes in pregnant women with high risk of perinatal pathology during disturbance in the uterine-placental blood flow (UPF). We determined the following parameters for evaluation of the metabolic disturbances: alanine aminotransferase, hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine phosphokinase, alkaline phosphatase, thermostable alkaline phosphatase, oxytocinase and lipid peroxidation. The analysis of the obtained data showed that reduction in UPF, limited only in the region of the large uterine-placental blood vessels, was accompanied by a reduction in the activity of HBDH, LDG, CPC, but moderate increase in the whole uterine-placental blood bed was accompanied by the intravillous space, was accompanied by a moderate increase in HBDH, ADG, CPC and AP in comparison with pregnant women without disturbance in UPF, which however occurred in smaller activity of these enzymes both in disturbance in blood flow of intervillous space and in the region of the large uterine-placental blood vessels. These changes as a whole characterized borderline state of energetic metabolism in the organism of the pregnant woman, which in the final analysis assured comparatively favourable outcome of the pregnancy for the fetus.
...
PMID:[Interrelation between the enzyme activity indices and the status of the uterine-placental blood flow in pregnant women at high risk for perinatal pathology]. 280 91

To detect antigens in the plasma of pregnant women that were not found in nonpregnant untreated normal women or males, highly sensitive immunodiffusion techniques with hyperimmune rabbit antiserum were used. The number of pregnancy-associated plasma constituents increased as pregnancy progressed in the 165 patients studied, with all 4 constituents usually seen in the third trimester. The 60 males and 111 nonpregnant women studied did not show any of these antigens. There were significant differences between second and third trimester reactions. (p less than .001). None of the antigens represented human chorionic gonadotropin, human placental lactogen, oxytocin, C-reactive protein, oxytocinase, alkaline phosphatase, or esterase. One of these constituents is present during combined estrogen-progesterone therapy.
...
PMID:Antigenic constituents in pregnancy plasma which are undetectable in normal non-pregnant female or male plasma. 462 19

The activities of leucocyte alkaline phosphatase were determined in 511 patients with normal and pathological pregnancy. Mean values were compared and the enzyme followed up, and the conclusion was drawn that leucocyte alkaline phosphatase was no safe indicator of foetal condition. No direct relationship were found to exist between leucocyte alkaline phosphatase, total oestrogens, HSAP, HLAP, HPL, and oxytocinase.
...
PMID:[Leucocyte alkaline phosphatase in normal and pathological pregnancy (author's transl)]. 729 47

The aim of the study was to evaluate the prognostic value of the acoustic test in post-term pregnancies. 80 acoustic tests were done (alkaline phosphatase and oxytocinase). In 12 cases, the cardiotocographic recordings of the acoustic test were described as incorrect, 11 neonates of this were born in asphyxia. In the group of neonates responding to the stimulus correctly, all neonates were born in a generally good state. The results show that the acoustic test is characterized by high prognostic value and a correct test result can predict a good fetal state.
...
PMID:Prognostic value of cardiotocographic acoustic test in post-term pregnancies. 792 91

The cases of fetal intrauterine hypotrophy syndrome were subjected to rest, dietetic and pharmacological treatment which included intravenous infusions of low molecular Dekstrane, intramuscular injections of Synacthen-Depot, Sadamine and Partusisten. The clear improvement of selected parameters of placenta efficiency during the management was observed. It included: mean increase of blood serum oxytocinase activity about 2.1 U, mean increase of quantity of estrogens excreted in 24-hour urine about 4.1 mg/24 hours, mean decrease of term-stabile alkaline phosphatase activity in blood serum about 16 U. The comparison of the state of hypotrophic newborns found in the group with hypotrophy treated during the course of pregnancy with the group of untreated hypotrophy permits to conclude: statistically significant more rarefied occurrence of newborns of low values according to Apgar scale, hypoglycemia, acidosis, anemia as well as respiratory distress syndrome and five-fold diminished perinatal mortality. It was demonstrated a clear correlation between many parameters of structure and activity of oxygenizing enzymes of placentae existed between the group with treated and untreated hypotrophy.
...
PMID:[Microstructure of placenta and activity of some respiratory enzymes --in pregnancy with treated and untreated fetal intrauterine hypotrophy syndrome]. 835 45

This study compared and correlated the relationship and dependability of serum oxytocinase, leucine amino peptidase, and heat stable alkaline phosphatase levels as well as urinary estriol and pregnanediol excretion values as placental function tests. 2 groups were studied, those with normal (25 cases) and those with abnormal pregnancies (84 cases). There were 84 cases of pregnancy complications which were matched with control, uncomplicated pregnancies after determining the normal range of the factors under study. Of no significance in predicting fetal status at birth were serum heat stable alkaline phosphatase determinations. Serial assays of urinary estriol were useful predictors of fetal status at birth in 80% of complicated cases; 50% of complicated case outcomes were correctly predicted using the serum oxytocinase value. In complications of diabetes mellitus, the urinary estriol assays were sensitive and reliable indicators of the pregnancy state, whereas in preeclampsia complications, both the serum oxytocinase and urinary estriol assays were of prognostic value. However, serum leucine amino peptidase was of less prognostic significance than the oxytocinase determinations. Pregnanediol assays showed insignificant results as diagnostic aids. For assessing the status of the feto-placental unit, combined urinary estriol and serum oxytocinase assays are the most reliable prognostic indicators.
...
PMID:Enzymatic and hormonal assessment of foetoplacental unit in normal and complicated pregnancies. 1227 63


1 2 Next >>

---