Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:3.1.27.5 (RNase)
17,967 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cytosol from human benign hyperplastic and carcinomatous prostatic tissue has been shown to contain a progestin receptor with a dissociation constant of approximately 10(-9) M. The receptor was measured using 3H-labeled R 5020 (17 alpha, 21-dimethyl-19-nor-4,9-pregnadiene-3,20-dione) as ligand. Progesterone, cyproterone acetate, and R 1881 (methyltrienolone) were efficient competitors to R 5020 for binding sites on the receptor whereas testosterone, 5 alpha--dihydrotestosterone, estradiol, cortisol, and several hydroxylated and saturated derivatives of progesterone did not compete. The [3H]R 2020-receptor-complex had a sedimentation coefficient of approximately 4 S, an isoelectric point of approximately 5, was heat-labile, and was destroyed by treatment with trypsin but not with deoxyribonuclease or ribonuclease. Seventeen of 21 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and three patients with prostatic carcinoma had 1 to 40 fmoles of specific R 5020-binding sites per mg of cytosol protein. One sample of normal prostatic tissue did not contain significant amounts of progesting receptor. Tissue specimens removed by transvesical adenoma enucleation displayed a larger number of specific R 5020-binding sites than electroresected specimens. The progestin receptor in hyperplastic prostate may be involved in the mechanism of the action of progestins used in the medical treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Quantitation of progestin receptor in cancer of the prostate may form part of the basis of a predictive test program for endocrine therapy of prostatic malignancy.
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PMID:Demonstration of a progestin receptor in human benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostatic carcinoma. 7 18

Serum Ribonuclease (RNase, EC. 3. 1. 4. 22) of normal persons and of patients with chronic pancreatitis, or pancreatic cancer was determined with poly (C) as substrate. Strikingly abnormal elevations occured in the serum RNase of patients with pancreatic cancer (p less than 0.001). Average serum RNase values of 18 normal persons, 10 patients with chronic pancreatitis and 26 patients with pancreatic cancer were 92, 118, and 249 units, respectively. In patients with pancreatic cancer, we compared the RNase level with four histologic types (ductar cell adenocarcinoma, anaplastic cell carcinoma, acinar cell carcinoma, and islet cell carcinoma). Adenocarcinoma showed higher activity than the other histologic types (p less than 0.005). When we compared the serum of pancreatic cancer and pancreatic cancer tumor extract with normal serum and normal pancreas extract, strikingly different phosphocellulose chromatographic pattern were evident. The correlation of increased serum RNase levels with tumor histology and different chromatographic pattern may explain the new enzyme production in cancer patients, and have biological significance in the development of pancreatic cancer.
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PMID:Serum ribonucleases in pancreatic cancer: relation to tumor histology. 21 87

Virus-specific structures with sedimentation coefficients of 250-300, 200 and 150 S were isolated from the polysome fraction of Sendai virus-infected Ahrlich ascitic carcinoma cells treated with cycloheximide, at early stages of infection (1.5 to 2 hours after inoculation). All these 3 types of structure contained both parental and newly synthesized viral RNA. RNA extracted from these structures consisted of 2 components sedimenting in sucrose density gradients in the zones of 50-70 and 35-40 S. Both components contained parental and newly synthesized RNA and were partially resistant to ribonuclease. RNA extracted from rapidly sedimenting structures (250-300 S) contained mainly the 50-70 S component; RNA recovered from 200 S structures contained the 35-40 S component. By analogy with reported data, the isolated forms of RNA have been characterized as transcriptive intermediates.
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PMID:Characteristics of Sendai virus RNA transcriptive complex formed in the cytoplasm of infected ascites cells. 24 Dec 40

Serum RNase (RNase I; ribonuclease 3'-pyrimidino-oligonucleotidohydrolase, EC 3.1.4.22) activity (mean +/- SD) with polycytidine as substrate was determined in normal individuals (24.9 +/- 3.0 units/ml) and in patients with pancreatic cancer (37.3 +/- 14.8), pancreatitis (38.5 +/- 12.6), nonpancreatic diseases (48.7 +/- 14.8), or renal failure (175.8 +/- 92.8). Patients with pancreatic cancer could not be distinguished from those with pancreatitis or with nonpancreatic disease, although the RNase activities in all of these differed from the activity in normal individuals. The serum RNase activities of four patients with resectable "curable") pancreatic carcinoma and two others with advanced pancreatic cancer without obstructive jaundice were normal. After total pancreatectomy, serum RNase activity remained in the high-normal range. The data presented here and data in the literature show that serum RNase cannot be of primarily pancreatic origin. The present study also demonstrates that measurement of its activity is not useful in early detection of pancreatic cancer.
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PMID:Serum RNase in the diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma. 28 51

The authors have analysed the influence exercised by the combined therapy of the ovary carcinoma on the plasma ribonuclease activity in Wistar rats. The medicaments "Proresid", "VM-26", and "Methotrexat" together with a percutaneous irradiation of the abdomen did not alterate perceptibly the enzyme activity during the experiment, but there was a considerable reduction of the enzyme activity after an application of "Endoxan", "Adriblastin" and "Methotrexat" with subsequent administration of "Leukovorin". The most violent ribonuclease suppression, however, was obtained by an intraperitoneal instillation of radiogold and a fractioned percutaneous irradiation of the abdomen with intercalated administration of "Endoxan".
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PMID:[Alterations of the plasma ribonuclease activity in female wistar rats under the conditions of combined therapy of the ovary carcinoma (author's transl)]. 31 9

The determination of the plasmaribonucleases was reported by Sheid and co-workers in 1977 for the diagnosis of carcinoma of the ovary. The authors investigated the accuracy of this test with a modified method in a double blind study encompassing healthy controls. Blood samples from 62 patients with ovarian cancer were tested. The results were accurate in 56 cases. In 6 cases the test results were doubtful. The difference in the ribonuclease activity was significant between patients with ovarian cancer and healthy patients or patients in remission from ovarian cancer. The results were not dependant upon the FIGO staging of the disease. Our results encourage the recommendation to use this test as a diagnostic aid in carcinoma of the ovary.
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PMID:[Determination of the plasma ribonuclease activity as a diagnostic aid in the diagnosis of ovarian cancer. Results of a double blind study (author's transl)]. 47 63

The aim of our work was to evaluate the diagnostic value of the determination of the ribonuclease activity in sera of patients with gynaecologic malignomas. We therefore developed an assay for ribonuclease activity. In the course of optimization of the assay conditions we investigated the applicability of 4 commercially available RNA-preparations as substrate and the dependency of the ribonuclease activity on salt-concentration. The ribonuclease activity of 42 representative female patients (12 controls, 11 with ovarian carcinoma, 10 with corpus carcinoma, 9 with collum carcinoma) is presented.
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PMID:[Serum ribonuclease activity in patients with gynaecologic malignomas (author's transl)]. 51 Aug 96

The sedimentation characteristics and protein composition of the polyadenylic acid-containing ribonucleoprotein (RNP) particles separated from the polysomes of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells by means of ribonuclease treatment were studied. The results were compared with the corresponding characteristics of the poly(A)-containing particles of the cell nucleus. The sedimentation coefficient of the poly(A)-containing RNP from poly-ribosomes was found to be 11 S, while that of the nuclear particles was 14 S. In Cs2SO4 equilibrium density gradient values of p=1.25 and 1.34 gcm-3 were obtained for the nuclear particles and the poly(A)-RNP separated from polyribosomes, respectively. The molecular weights of the proteins making up the polysomal poly(A)-particles were found to be over 40 000 daltons, i.e. 54 000, 48 000, 68 000 and 89 000 daltons for the four polypeptides present in considerable amounts. As far as electrophoretic mobility is concerned these proteins were indistinguishable from the proteins of the nuclear poly(A)-containing RNP. However, the ratio of the components in the two types of particle proved to be quite different.
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PMID:The poly(A)-containing ribonucleoproteins in the nucleus and the cytoplasm of ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells. 103 4

Serum RNase (ribonuclease) of normal persons and of patients with pancreatitis, carcinoma of pancreas, or other neoplasms was determined with poly(C) as substrate. Strikingly abnormal elevations occur in the serum RNase of patients with pancreatic cancer. There is no elevation in the serum RNase level of patients with pancreatitis. Average serum RNase values of 52 normal persons, 10 patients with pancreatitis, 30 patients with pancreatic cancer, 28 patients with breast cancer, 11 patients with lung cancer, 20 patients with colon cancer, six patients with stomach cancer, and four patients with liver cancer, respectively, were 104, 120, 383, 131, 173, 197, 194, and 152 units/ml of serum. Ninety percent of the patients with pancreatic cancer were above the level of 250 units of serum and 90% of all patients with varied cancers were below this level. In the presence of severe renal insufficiency, marked elevation of serum RNase was also observed. Serum RNase, because of its unique specificity, pancreatic origin, and its abnormal elevation in sera of patients with pancreatic cancer, serves as a reliable biochemical marker of carcinoma of the pancreas in the presence of normal renal function.
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PMID:Elevated serum ribonuclease in patients with pancreatic cancer. 106 80

The major RNA species present in the purified mitochondrial fraction of the Walker carcinoma were investigated in order to determine which of them are located in the mitochondria and coded by the organelle DNA. The subcellular distribution of these RNA's and the in vivo sensitivity of the transcription process to selective inhibitors were examined. Among the different species separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, only the 21 and 16 Se RNA's were found exclusively in the purified mitochondria, approximately Se being the S value estimated from the relative electrophoretic mobility of the RNA. A bifid peak observed in the 16-15 Se region was shown to be an artifact caused by the ribonuclease inhibitor, naphthalene disulfonate. Ethidium bromide at high doses inhibited the incorporation in vivo of 32P into 21, 16, and 4 Se RNA, but the nuclear transcription of cytoplasmic RNA was also inhibited to the same extent. No significant effect was observed at lower doses. In contrast, actinomycin D exerted a differential inhibition of the synthesis of 28 and 18 Se RNA from both the cytoplasmic and the mitochondrial fractions, practically without affecting the transcription of the 21 and 16 Se species. The incorporation of 32P into mitochondrial 4 Se RNA was also considerably more resistant to the drug than the synthesis of the cytoplasmic tRNA. It is concluded that the 21, 16, and Se RNA's are the only major discrete species transcribed from mitochondrial DNA present in the Walker carcinoma.
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PMID:Identification of the products of mitochondrial transcription in the walker corcinosarcoma by the use of actinomycin D and ethidium bromide. 126 33


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