Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.27.4 (ribonuclease)
 6,621 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Differential modulation has been demonstrated in interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-10, and interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) mRNA and protein secretion patterns of cells isolated from the draining lymph nodes of mice following exposure to T cell and respiratory sensitizers. Using a multiprobe ribonuclease protection assay, the following investigation examined the mRNA expression patterns of multiple cytokines associated with respiratory sensitization for modulation following exposure to chemicals known primarily to induce irritation (sodium lauryl sulfate), respiratory sensitization (toluene diisocyanate), or T cell-mediated hypersensitivity (dinitrofluorobenzene) responses. On days 0 and +5 female BALB/c mice were exposed to either test article or vehicle on the shaven dorsal lumbar region; on days +10 through +12 the mice received test article on the dorsal aspect of each ear. On day +13 animals were euthanized, draining lymph nodes were excised, and mRNA was isolated immediately or following 24 or 48 h of culture in the presence or absence of concanavalin (Con) A. Differential expression of cytokine mRNA was most notable following 24 h incubation with Con A. Modulation of IL-4, -10, and IFN-gamma following chemical exposure was consistent with previous studies. In addition, IL-9, -13, and -15 were significantly elevated only following toluene diisocyanate exposure. Further investigations of these cytokines may provide additional insight into the mechanisms of chemically induced respiratory sensitization and provide endpoints for the detection of a chemical's ability to elicit IgE-mediated hypersensitivity responses.
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PMID:The determination of draining lymph node cell cytokine mRNA levels in BALB/c mice following dermal sodium lauryl sulfate, dinitrofluorobenzene, and toluene diisocyanate exposure. 1124 17

Prolonged (13 day) topical exposure of BALB/c strain mice to the chemical respiratory allergen trimellitic anhydride (TMA) induces a selective T helper (Th) 2 profile of cytokine secretion in cells isolated from the draining lymph node. The ability of chemical respiratory allergens to elicit preferential type 2 immune responses is a distinguishing characteristic and provides the theoretical basis for cytokine fingerprinting, a novel approach to hazard identification. This study aimed to further characterize the cytokine expression profile induced by TMA, and to investigate the kinetics of cytokine production at both the protein and mRNA level by comparison of acute (3 day) and chronic (13 day) exposure regimes. Acute exposure resulted in the expression of high levels of mRNA for both Th1- and Th2-type cytokines, including interleukins 4, 10, 15 (IL-4, IL-10, IL-15) and interferon gamma (IFN-gamma), and the inflammatory cytokine IL-6, as determined by ribonuclease protection assay (RPA). However, following chronic exposure marked down-regulation of message for IL-6 and IFN-gamma was observed along with concomitant up-regulation of IL-4 and IL-10 expression. These cytokine mRNA profiles were broadly paralleled at the protein level. There was also a marked increase with time of mRNA for the Th2 cytokine IL-9, a cytokine not associated previously with chemical allergy. These data show that as the immune response to TMA develops, the cytokine gene expression profile of allergen-activated lymph node cells evolves from a mixed Th1/Th2 phenotype to a more polarized Th2 profile.
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PMID:Temporal changes in cytokine gene expression profiles induced in mice by trimellitic anhydride. 1242 62

Uveitis is an inflammation of the uveal tract and is one of the major causes of visual impairment. Several lines of evidence suggest an important role for activated T lymphocytes in the perpetuation of posterior uveitis. In sequel to our preliminary observations with human S-antigen, we have further investigated the proliferative response of peripheral blood lymphocytes of posterior uveitis patients against 20 linear and 9 overlapping peptides of retinal S-antigen. The expression of surface markers CD4, CD8, CD29, CD45RA in peripheral blood was detected by flow cytometry. We have also assessed the pattern of cytokines present in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) using ribonuclease protection assay (RPA). Nineteen out of 32 patients' lymphocytes showed proliferative response to S-antigen, one or more of its 20 linear and nine overlapping synthetic peptides. Six patients showed significant lymphoproliferative response against various peptides. The maximum response was found to peptides from the 231-270 amino acid region of human S-antigen sequence. The percentage of CD29(+) (memory cells) and CD45RA(+) (naive cells) T-lymphocytes was higher in patients compared to healthy volunteers. There was a demonstrable difference in the percentage of CD4(+) and CD8(+) lymphocytes in the patients (P <== 0.05) as compared to controls. Higher message for interleukin (IL)-5, IL-10, IL-15, IL-9, IL-2, IL-13, and interferon (IFN)-gamma was observed in uveitis patients than in healthy individuals. In brief, our study suggests that a particular region of S-antigen plays an important role in idiopathic uveitis.
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PMID:Human S-antigen: peptide determinant recognition in uveitis patients. 1501 Feb 90