Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.27.1 (RNase)
 16,360 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

1. The multiple forms of acid phosphohydrolases in liver lysosomes of Sus scrofa domesticus and Gallus gallus domesticus were studied by use of isoelectric focusing. 2. Acid phosphatase was resolved into two forms in G. gallus domesticus and three forms in S. scrofa domesticus. Especially, two forms of G. gallus domesticus were different from each other in their enzymatic properties. 3. The pI values of acid ATPase agreed with those of acid phosphodiesterase in G. gallus domesticus. According to the data on activity ratios, however, these enzymes seemed not to be identical. 4. Except acid deoxyribonuclease, extraction by Triton X-100 of lysosomes increased the proportions of acidic forms of these enzymes. In particular, a new form of acid ribonuclease with pI 4.5 or 4.9 appeared in both cases of G. gallus domesticus and S. scrofa domesticus.
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PMID:An isoelectric focusing study of acid phosphohydrolases in liver lysosomes of higher vertebrates. 31 7

The age-dependent change in activities of seven lysosomal enzymes (cathepsin D, beta-glucuronidase, acid phosphatase, acid/alkaline DNases and acid/alkaline RNases) was studied in four brain regions (cerebrum, hippocampus, pons and cerebellum) of Wistar rats. The activity of cathepsin D was significantly increased with aging in the four regions. The age-dependent change in activities of acid and alkaline DNases showed the characteristic regional difference, and the ratio of acid to alkaline DNases was increased with aging in all regions. Acid RNase showed the lowest activity in 18-month-old rats, and alkaline RNase activity was decreased with aging. The activity of beta-glucuronidase was higher in 2-month-old rats in all of the regions studied. Acid phosphatase showed no significant age-dependent change except in pons. The study demonstrated that all of the lysosomal enzyme activities do not change in parallel with aging, and that the age-dependent change showed the characteristic regional difference.
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PMID:Age-dependent change in activities of lysosomal enzymes in rat brain. 263 Aug 33

Electron microscopy of bacterized and axenic trophozoites of Entamoeba histolytica showed only slight differences in ultrastructure between the two. As with other species of Entamoeba so far studied, this species lacks typical mitochondrial structures and formed endoplasmic reticulum. Dense clusters of glycogen particles are especially characteristic in axenic amebas. Microtubular structures 360 A in diameter appear randomly oriented in both bacterized and axenic trophozoites. Ribonucleoprotein (RNP) bodies are of two typical forms-elongate, parallel arrays of helices (the classical chromatoid bodies), and short helical fragments. Both kinds of helix show a recurring pitch angle of 68-80 degrees and an over-all diameter of 480 A. RNP particles comprising the helices average 180 A in diameter. The longitudinal axes of adjacent helices are 440 A apart. Following RNase digestion of water-soluble methacrylate sections, helices show a core approximately 60 A in diameter. Short helices are also associated with digestive vacuoles. Free RNP particles per se are never seen within digestive vacuoles, but intact short helices are frequently detected closely associated with the external membrane of digestive vacuoles. In some cases, continuation of externally intact helical forms could be related to filamentous material within the vacuole. Acid phosphomonoesterase activity could be demonstrated within digestive vacuoles where deposition of reaction product is especially intense on the filamentous material.
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PMID:Ultrastructure of bacterized and axenic trophozoites of Entamoeba histolytica with particular reference to helical bodies. 432 74

1. Development of ribonuclease activity in the cotyledons of germinating peas is biphasic, the time of appearance of the two phases depending on the conditions of growth. 2. Acid phosphatase exhibits a single phase of development. 3. Cycloheximide inhibits development of ribonuclease activity in phase II but not in phase I. 4. (14)C-labelled amino acids are not incorporated into ribonuclease isolated during phase I. 5. The buoyant density of ribonuclease isolated during phase I is not affected by imbibition of the seed in 80% deuterium oxide. 6. Acid phosphatase was isolated from the supernatant fraction of the cotyledons of germinating peas and partially purified. 7. Development of acid phosphatase activity during germination is inhibited by treatment of the seed with cycloheximide or actinomycin D. 8. Partial purification of acid phosphatase from peas germinated in the presence of (14)C-labelled amino acids suggests that the enzyme is radioactively labelled. 9. Germination of peas in the presence of 80% deuterium oxide results in an increase in the buoyant density of acid phosphatase. 10. The results suggest that increase in ribonuclease activity during the first 4 days of germination does not result from synthesis of protein de novo, but that the corresponding increase in acid phosphatase activity does result from synthesis de novo.
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PMID:The development of ribonuclease and acid phosphatase during germination of Pisum arvense. 444 77

Fresh anterior pituitary glands from beef and pig were separated by differential centrifugation into subcellular fractions. Nuclei and debris were obtained at 700 g for 15 minutes, secretory granules at 7000 g for 20 minutes, mitochondria at 34,000 g for 15 minutes, and microsomes at 78,000 g for 3 hours. Electron micrographs were taken of the individual fractions. Each fraction was analyzed for nitrogen, pentosenucleic acid (PNA), and phospholipide. Beef and pig anterior lobes were quite similar in their intracellular composition as seen in the subcellular fractions. Succinic dehydrogenase was localized in mitochondria, while alkaline phosphatase was concentrated in the microsomes. A proteinase with pH optimum at 8.2 was exclusively localized. in microsomal and supernatant fractions. Acid phosphatase, acid ribonuclease, and acid proteinase were distributed among the subcellular fractions in another pattern, indicating the presence of a particle type distinct from mitochondria and microsomes. The distribution of cytoplasmic PNA paralleled that of alkaline phosphatase.
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PMID:Cell fractionation of anterior pituitary glands from beef and pig. 1363 Sep 29

The development of techniques to isolate and purify relatively large quantities of intact vacuoles from mature tissues permits direct biochemical analysis of this ubiquitous mature plant cell organelle. Vacuoles and a fraction enriched in soluble cytoplasmic constituents were quantitatively prepared from Hippeastrum flower petal protoplasts. Vacuolar lysate and soluble cytoplasmic fractions were examined for acid hydrolase activities commonly associated with animal lysosomes, and pH optima were determined. Esterase, protease, carboxypeptidase, beta-galactosidase, alpha-glycosidase and beta-glycosidase, not found in the vacuole lysate fraction, were components of the soluble cytoplasmic fraction. Acid phosphatase, RNase and DNase were present in both fractions. Vacuolar enzyme activities were also examined as a function of flower development from bud through senescent stages. The data obtained are not consistent with the concept that the mature plant cell vacuole functions as a generalized lysosome.
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PMID:Localization of Acid hydrolases in protoplasts: examination of the proposed lysosomal function of the mature vacuole. 1666 1

Vacuoles were isolated from suspension cultures of sugarcane (Saccharum sp.) cells by centrifugation of protoplasts at high g force against a 12% (w/v) Ficoll solution. Distribution of marker enzymes and Concanavalin A binding showed an 11% contamination of the vacuole preparation by cytoplasmic components, mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticulum, and 18% contamination by plasma membrane. Acid phosphatase, carboxypeptidase, protease, peroxidase, and ribonuclease activities were enriched in isolated vacuoles. Carboxypeptidase was tonoplast-bound, whereas the other enzymes were soluble. Sucrose, reducing sugars, and free amino acids were measured in protoplasts and vacuoles during growth of cells in suspension culture. Sucrose and reducing sugar content of vacuoles increased as the culture aged, while free amino acids decreased sharply.
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PMID:Vacuoles from Sugarcane Suspension Cultures : I. ISOLATION AND PARTIAL CHARACTERIZATION. 1666 93

Ultrastructural cytochemical tests for several enzymes, proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids were conducted on secretory granules o pound dorsal and subventral esophageal glands of preparasitic second-stage juveniles and the dorsal gland of adult females of Meloidogyne incognita. Secretory granules in the subventral glands of juveniles stained positive for acid phosphatase. Peroxidase, DNase, RNase, cellulase, and nucleic acids were not detected in these granules. Secretory granules in the dorsal gland of adult females stained positive for peroxidase (pH 7.6) in < 50% of the tests, Acid phosphatase, beta-glucuronidase, DNase, RNase, polyphenoloxidase, cellulase, and carbohydrates were not detected in dorsal gland granules in adult females. Positive staining with cobalt thiocyanate, a stain for amino groups of basic proteins, occurred in secretory granules in the dorsal gland, ribosomes, and chromatin in adult females. Ribosomes, nuclei, and secretory granules of the dorsal gland of adult females intensely stained when incubated in three reagents specific for nucleic acid.
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PMID:Ultrastructural Cytochemistry of Secretory Granules of Esophageal Glands of Meloidogyne incognita. 1929 Jan 95

The serum and hepatic enzymes of rats were studied after exposed to country made liquor (CML) along with two chelating agents (glutathione and Selenium). There was a significant increase in several serum enzyme levels (viz., aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase, bilirubin) and decrease in various hepatic enzymes (Succinic dehydrogenase, Glucose 6-phosphatase, 5'Nucleotiease, Acid phosphatase, Acid ribonuclease, Cytochrome P-450) due to repeated administration of CML (2ml/100g of body weight). Results of this study revealed that the GSH and Se could give a significant protective action in serum and hepatic enzymes of CML exposed rats.
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PMID:Biochemical activity of selenium and glutathione on country made liquor (CML) induced hepatic damage in rats. 2310 62

Cytochemical methods have been used to study the distribution of acid phosphatase, esterase, ribonuclease, amylase and protease activity in the stimulated and unstimulated leaf glands of Pinguicula grandiflora, P. vulgaris, P. lusitanica, and P. caudata. Two gland types are present, stalked and sessile. The stalked glands bear a muco-polysaccharide secretion droplet, and are concerned with capture of the prey; the sessile glands are specialised for digestion. In unstimulated glands of both classes, acid phosphatase, esterase and ribonuclease activity is associated with the anticlinal walls of the head cells, which have a characteristic spongy inner surface, comparable with that of transfer cells. Acid phosphatase and esterase activity was also detected in the vacuoles of the head cells of the sessile glands. Substrate film tests showed that amylase is readily released from the stalked glands but not from the sessile ones, while in contrast proteolytic activity is mainly associated with the sessile glands.On stimulation by suitable nitrogenous materials, the glands begin to sectete fluid onto the leaf surface within 1 hr. During the process the enzymes held in the spongy walls are discharged, and activity is also lost from the intracellular sites in the sessile glands.Digestion on the leaf surface and resorption of the products has been followed autoradiographically after feeding of (14)C-labelled protein. Within 2 hr, digestion products enter the leaf, and move towards the margin in the vascular system. Movement out of the leaf begins within 12 hr. Microautoradiographs showed a concentration of products around the bases of the sessile glands and in the cells of the gland head, showing that these glands are involved in resorption as well as secretion.A possible mechanism of gland function is discussed.
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PMID:A cytochemical study of the leaf-gland enzymes of insectivorous plants of the genus Pinguicula. 2449 18


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