Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.27.1 (RNase)
 16,360 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We examined the synthesis of intracellular RNA in primary chicken embryo kidney cells infected with the avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus. Infected cells were labeled with (32)P(i) in the presence of actinomycin D for the duration of the viral multiplication cycle, and nucleic acids were extracted, denatured, and analyzed on agarose slab gels. Six major RNA species were found. None of these RNAs was found in extracts of mock-infected cells. All six of the virus-specified RNAs (designated species A through F) were single stranded, and RNA species F had the same electrophoretic mobility as purified viral genome RNA. The molecular weights of the five subgenomic RNAs were estimated to be 0.8 x 10(6), 0.9 x 10(6), 1.3 x 10(6), 1.5 x 10(6), and 2.6 x 10(6) for species A through E, respectively. All of the RNAs were polyadenylated and are therefore likely to be viral mRNA's. The RNAs were synthesized in approximately constant proportions throughout the viral multiplication cycle. Intracellular RNA species A, B, C, D, and F and the purified viral genome were analyzed by RNase T(1) fingerprinting. The results confirmed the identification of RNA species F as the intracellular genome and the derivation of the four smaller RNAs from the genome. Fingerprinting also showed that the intracellular RNAs constitute a nested set such that the nucleotide sequence of each RNA is contained within all larger RNAs and each larger RNA contains an additional sequence congruent with its greater size. Finally, the possible modes of transcription and translation of the infectious bronchitis virus RNAs are discussed.
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PMID:Coronavirus multiplication strategy. I. Identification and characterization of virus-specified RNA. 624 5

Genomic RNA fingerprints of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) strains M41 and Conn46 were prepared to identify T1 RNase-resistant oligonucleotides 'unique' to each of the two IBV strains. Such oligonucleotides were subsequently eluted from the gels and their nucleotide sequences determined. When oligonucleotide probes of those sequences were synthesized and used in a dot-blot hybridization assay, the probes lacked IBV strain-specificity and reacted with the RNAs of homologous as well as heterologous IBV strains. Based on these results, the methods used in this study need to be applied to a large number of oligonucleotide probes, to find one or a few that might be suitable as IBV strain- or serotype-specific oligonucleotide probes.
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PMID:Oligonucleotide probes in infectious bronchitis virus diagnosis and strain identification. 839 Apr 75

Epidemiological studies have indicated that exposure to elevated levels of particulate matter exacerbates several pulmonary diseases, including asthma, bronchitis, and viral infections. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the major cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in infants and may lead to the development of asthma in childhood. To determine whether particle exposure modulates the immune response to RSV, eight-week-old female BALB/c mice received an intratracheal (i.t.) instillation of either 40 micro g ultrafine carbon black (CB) particles or vehicle. The following day, mice were i.t. instilled with either 106 pfu RSV or uninfected media. End points were examined 1, 2, 4, 7, and 10 days during RSV infection. Compared with RSV alone, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) protein was reduced in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) on days 1 and 2 of infection; there was also a reduction in BALF lymphocyte numbers on day 4, which correlated with reductions in both IFN-gamma-inducible protein (IP-10), lymphotactin, and IFN-gamma mRNAs in the lungs of RSV + CB mice. Multiprobe ribonuclease protection assays of RSV + CB lung tissue showed no changes in the RSV-associated chemokines regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), eotaxin, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1), macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1 alpha or MIP-1 beta. Viral titers in RSV + CB mice were lower than RSV on days 2-4 of infection. By day 7 of infection, however, neutrophil numbers, proinflammatory cytokine mRNA expression, and protein levels of TNF-alpha and the Th2 cytokine interleukin (IL)-13 were increased in the lungs of RSV + CB mice, indicating an exacerbation of infection. These data indicate that preexposure to ultrafine particles induces an inflammatory milieu promoting allergic immune responses rather than IFNgamma production necessary for microbial defense.
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PMID:Effect of preexposure to ultrafine carbon black on respiratory syncytial virus infection in mice. 1266 Mar 65