Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.1.27.1 (RNase)
 16,360 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Serum samples from patients with various malignancies including acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL), brain tumor (BT), Hodgkin's disease (HD), and non Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) were evaluated for nucleolytic activity against six synthetic polynucleotides: polyadenylic acid, polyuridylic acid, polycytidylic acid, polyguanylic acid, polyadenylic-polyuridylic acid, and polyguanylic-polycytidylic acid; The enzyme activity was determined spectrophotometrically by following the degradation of substrate to acid-soluble nucleotides. Most patients had elevated serum RNase activity at the 95% confidence level when compared to 30 controls. Included in this group were 67% of patients with ANLL, 46% of patients with BT, 73% of patients with HD, and 67% of patients with NHL. These data confirmed the earlier suggestion that elevated serum nuclease activity is found in patients with neoplastic disease. However, whether or not a serum was identified as abnormal depended on the substrate used in the assay; this underscored the need to test samples against a variety of polynucleotides. Alterations in serum nucleolytic activity represent an important marker of neoplastic disease and can serve as the basis for a useful clinical screening device.
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PMID:Abnormal profile of human nucleolytic activity as a test for cancer. 120 31

The CD7 molecule is a differentiation antigen found on the surface of T lymphocytes and also on a very minor fraction of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL). To study the genomic structure of the CD7 gene, two clones (SY4 and SY22) were isolated by screening a genomic library with a CD7 cDNA probe. Restriction mapping of these two phage clones showed that both overlapped each other, covering a total length of 23 kilobases (kb). Transfection of mouse L cells demonstrated that SY22 contains the gene expressing the CD7 antigen reactive with monoclonal CD7 antibody (Tp40), while SY4 does not. Subcloning of a 10.5 kb fragment from a 14.4 kb insert of SY22 contained the structural gene for the CD7 antigen. Detailed restriction mapping and partial sequence analysis revealed the CD7 gene to consist of four exons. By RNase protection assay, multiple initiation sites -122 base pairs (bp) to -38 bp from ATG translation initiation site were demonstrated. The promoter region had high G + C content and contained two SP1 binding sites (CCGCCC) and an AP2 binding site (CCCCAGGC), but lacked CAAT and TATA motifs.
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PMID:Molecular cloning of the gene coding for the human T cell differentiation antigen CD7. 171 Oct 9

We determined the expression levels of the mdr1 and mdr3 multidrug-resistance genes (also known as PGY1 and PGY3, respectively) in peripheral blood cells from 69 adult patients with acute and chronic leukemias, using an RNase protection assay. Expression of mdr1 was found in samples from patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (13 of 17), chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML, chronic phase, 10 of 10; blast crisis, three of four), acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL, eight of 11), B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL, 17 of 17), hairy cell leukemia (HCL, one of two), and T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (one of one), but not in B-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (B-PLL, 0 of seven). Expression of mdr3 was only detected in samples from B-cell lymphocytic leukemias: CML, lymphoid blast crisis (one of one), B-cell ALL (two of two), B-CLL (17 of 17), B-PLL (seven of seven), and HCL (two of two). In vitro drug uptake studies by on-line flow cytometry showed that in leukemia cells expressing either mdr1 or mdr3, the steady-state accumulation of daunorubicin could be significantly increased by addition of cyclosporine and, to a lesser extent, by verapamil. Because cyclosporine and verapamil are known as inhibitors of the mdr1-encoded P-glycoprotein drug-efflux pump, and because the mdr1 and mdr3 genes are highly homologous, our data suggest that the mdr3 gene encodes a functional drug pump in B-cell lymphocytic leukemias. The results of this study may have implications for clinical therapy for acute or chronic leukemias expressing the mdr1 or mdr3 gene, in particular, treatment with combinations of cytotoxic drugs plus agents that reverse multidrug resistance. Since mdr1 and mdr3 are frequently expressed in untreated as well as treated leukemia, such combination therapy should be considered for untreated patients as well as treated patients.
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PMID:Expression of mdr1 and mdr3 multidrug-resistance genes in human acute and chronic leukemias and association with stimulation of drug accumulation by cyclosporine. 197 61

A somatic translocation event fusing the novel gene set to the putative oncogene can has been implicated in the development of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia in humans. In this study, full-length cDNAs highly homologous with human set were cloned from a rat neonatal kidney library. The expression pattern of set mRNA was then examined in developing rat kidney. Two groups of set cDNAs (alpha and beta) with different translation initiation sites and open reading frames of 867 and 831 bp, respectively, were found. The predicted protein products are 33,385 and 32,085 Da in size and contain approximately 30% acidic residues, over half of them clustered at the COOH terminal, thus forming a long acidic tail. No signal peptide or membrane-spanning domains were identified, suggesting an intracellular protein product. By ribonuclease protection assay, both alpha and beta variants of set were expressed in kidney. On Northern blots of total kidney RNA, 3.0- and 2.2-kb mRNAs hybridized with the labeled set cDNA probe. Expression of both transcripts was four- to eightfold greater in neonatal compared with adult rat kidney. When neonatal rat kidneys were examined for set mRNA expression by in situ hybridization with 35S-labeled riboprobe, expression was densely localized in the cortical region of morphogenesis over primitive nephron structures, including S-shaped bodies. Thus mRNA for Set, a putative intracellular protein involved in leukemogenesis, is expressed in kidney.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Spatially restricted expression of set mRNA in developing rat kidney. 750 4