Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.26.9 (ribonuclease)
 6,589 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Optimal conditions for the formation and isolation of protoplasts from the fungus Penicillium brevi-compactum were investigated. Localization of ribonuclease, glucosoisomerase and beta-1,3-glucanase in the mycelium was examined. To produce protoplasts, the mycelium was treated for 3-4 hours at 40 degrees C with the incubation mixture, containing chitinase from Actinomyces kurssanovii, lytic enzymes from Act. cellulose, lysozyme and 0.8 M mannitol as an osmotic stabilizer. The levels of activities of RNase, beta-1,3-glucanase, and glucosoisomerase were measured in the fungal mycelium before preparation of protoplasts, in the incubation mixture after their preparation, and in the protoplast lysate. The protoplast formation facilitated the release of RNase, beta-1,3-glucanase and glucosoisomerase from the fungal mycelium into the incubation mixture.
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PMID:[Preparation of protoplasts and localization of ribonuclease, beta-1,3-glucanase and glucosoisomerase in the fungal mycelium of Penicillium brevi-compactum]. 738 13

The intercellular washing fluid (IWF) of Malus domestica cv. Holsteiner Cox before and after application of the non-pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens Bk3 to the leaves was investigated in a comparative manner. SDS-PAGE in combination with ESI Q-ToF mass spectrometry, and homology search in relevant data bases revealed the highly up-regulated expression of several pathogenesis-related plant proteins in the apoplast of the leaves treated with P. fluorescens. These proteins were beta3-1,3-glucanase, chitinase, thaumatin-like protein, ribonuclease-like protein, and a hevein-like protein. Moreover, a 9 kDa non-specific lipid transfer protein was significantly reduced after the application of P. fluorescens. The possible relevance of a pre-treatment of apple cultivars with the non-pathogenic bacterium P. fluorescens Bk3, as an alternative method to the treatment with fungicides, for increasing the resistance of susceptible apple cultivars against an infection with the fungus Venturia inaequalis is discussed.
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PMID:Up-regulation of pathogenesis-related proteins in the apoplast of Malus domestica after application of a non-pathogenic bacterium. 1566 44

Using a combination of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis protein mapping and mass spectrometry analysis, we have established proteome reference maps of embryogenic cell suspensions of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata). The cell suspensions were generated from young primary leaves and contained basically pro-embryogenic masses, which enabled us to dissect their proteome composition while eliminating the complexity of too many cell types. Over 550 proteins could reproducibly be resolved over a pI range of 3-10. A total of 128 of the most abundant protein spots were excised, digested in-gel with trypsin and analyzed by tandem mass spectrometry. This enabled the identification of 67 protein spots. Two of the most abundant proteins were identified as a chitinase and as a ribonuclease belonging to the family of PR-4 and PR-10 proteins, respectively. The expression of the respective genes was confirmed by RT-PCR and the pattern of deposition of the PR-10 protein in cell suspensions as well as in developing cowpea seeds, roots, shoots and flowers were determined by Western blot experiments, using synthetic antibodies raised against a 14-amino acid synthetic peptide located close to the C-terminal region of the PR-10 protein.
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PMID:Proteome analysis of embryogenic cell suspensions of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata). 1733 15

A novel application of the Bacillus sp. chitinase for the chemoenzymatic synthesis of N-linked neoglycoproteins is described. Three chitinases with different molecular size were purified from the crude chitinase preparation. The purified chitinases were evaluated for their hydrolytic and transglycosylation activity. One chitinase with a molecular size of 100 kDa (Chi100) was identified to be the one with highest transglycosylation/hydrolysis ratio. Chi100 could effectively recognize LacNAc-oxazoline and Manalpha1,3Glcbeta1,4GlcNAc-oxazoline as the donor substrate to glycosylate Asn-linked GlcNAc, while it was unable to recognize Manbeta1,4GlcNAc and Man(3)GlcNAc-oxazolines as the donor substrates. The chitinase-catalyzed transglycosylation was successfully extended to the remodeling of ribonuclease B to afford neoglycoproteins. Although the yield needs to be optimized, the chitinase-catalyzed transglycosylation provides a potentially useful tool for the synthesis of neoglycoproteins carrying novel N-linked oligosaccharides.
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PMID:Chemoenzymatic synthesis of N-linked neoglycoproteins through a chitinase-catalyzed transglycosylation. 1878 54

SUGARWIN1 and 2 are defense proteins from sugarcane. Their gene expression is known to be induced in response to wound and Diatraea saccharalis damage. Although the recombinant SUGARWIN protein does not affect insect development, it promotes significant morphological and physiological changes in Fusarium verticillioides and Colletotrichum falcatum, which lead to fungal cell death via apoptosis. In this study, we deepen our understanding of the role of SUGARWINs in plant defense and the molecular mechanisms by which these proteins affect fungi by elucidating their molecular targets. Our results show that SUGARWINs play an important role in plant defense against opportunistic pathogens. We demonstrated that SUGARWINs are induced by C. falcatum, and the induction of SUGARWINs can vary among sugarcane varieties. The sugarcane variety exhibiting the highest level of SUGARWIN induction exhibited a considerable reduction in C. falcatum infection. Furthermore, SUGARWIN1 exhibited ribonuclease, chitosanase, and chitinase activity, whereas SUGARWIN2 exhibited only chitosanase activity. This variable enzymatic specificity seems to be the result of divergent amino acid composition within the substrate-binding site.
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PMID:Structural and Functional Characterization of PR-4 SUGARWINs From Sugarcaneand Their Role in Plant Defense. 3066 61