Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.1.26.9 (ribonuclease)
 6,589 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Using the oxazine dye rhodanile blue, large typical megakaryocytes and small megakaryocytes (micromegakaryocytes) from the bone marrows of normal persons, and from patients with a variety of preleukemic disorders, acute lymphoblastic and nonlymphoblastic leukemia, chronic granulocytic leukemia, and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura as an example of nonmalignant but abnormal megakaryocytopoiesis, showed intense pink staining of the cytoplasm. This pink metachromasia was not obliterated by prior digestion with either diastase or ribonuclease, but was markedly diminished or obliterated by preincubation with hyaluronidase, suggesting that the stain may detect a high content of acid mucopolysaccharides in megakaryocytes. Since the stain is simple, direct, and reproducible, it may represent a useful addition to the cytochemistry of megakaryocytes and complement the more complex immunologic techniques available currently.
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PMID:Identification of human megakaryocytes with rhodanile blue. 258 May 2

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-gamma modulates substrate metabolism and inflammatory responses. In experimental rats subjected to myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R), thiazolidinedione PPAR-gamma activators reduce infarct size and preserve left ventricular function. Troglitazone is the only PPAR-gamma activator that has been shown to be protective in I/R in large animals. However, because troglitazone contains both alpha-tocopherol and thiazolidinedione moieties, whether PPAR-gamma activation per se is protective in myocardial I/R in large animals remains uncertain. To address this question, 56 pigs were treated orally for 8 wk with troglitazone (75 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)), rosiglitazone (3 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)), or alpha-tocopherol (73 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1), equimolar to troglitazone dose) or received no treatment. Pigs were then anesthetized and subjected to 90 min of low-flow regional myocardial ischemia and 90 min of reperfusion. Myocardial expression of PPAR-gamma, determined by ribonuclease protection assay, increased with troglitazone and rosiglitazone compared with no treatment. Rosiglitazone had no significant effect on myocardial contractile function (Frank-Starling relations), substrate uptake, or expression of proinflammatory cytokines during I/R compared with untreated pigs. In contrast, preservation of myocardial contractile function and lactate uptake were greater and cytokine expression was attenuated in pigs treated with troglitazone or alpha-tocopherol compared with untreated pigs. Multivariate analysis indicated that presence of an alpha-tocopherol, but not a thiazolidinedione, moiety in the test compound was significantly related to greater contractile function and lactate uptake and lower cytokine expression during I/R. We conclude that PPAR-gamma activation is not protective in a porcine model of myocardial I/R. Protective effects of troglitazone are attributable to its alpha-tocopherol moiety. These findings, in conjunction with prior rat studies, suggest interspecies differences in the response to PPAR-gamma activation in the heart.
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PMID:PPAR-gamma activation fails to provide myocardial protection in ischemia and reperfusion in pigs. 1552 32