Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.1.26.9 (ribonuclease)
 6,589 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Chromium (Cr) is fairly abundant in the earth's crust and ranks fourth among the 29 elements of biological importance. Besides natural sources, Cr enters biotic components of the ecosystem in various ways. Of other major industrial sources, tanning and chrome-plating industries are prominent sources. Cr(VI) form of chromium is highly reactive and influences both plants and animals. Due to Mn present in soil, Cr(III) is oxidized to Cr(VI) which remains in soil for a long time and can affect plant growth and development. Since maize is an important food and fodder plant for human beings and cattle, a study was conducted to investigate the effects of Cr on some metabolic activities of maize (Zea mays L. cv. Ganga 5). Chromium caused visible lesions of interveinal chlorosis. Young leaves showed vein clearing. Also, a papery appearance was observed in leaves. Margins of leaves were curled and the leaves appeared pale at greater Cr exposure. Concentrations of both chlorophyll a and b were reduced by exposure to Cr, the activities of ribonuclease and phenyl phosphatase were greater while the activity of iron-porphyrin enzyme catalase was less and the activity of amylase was also much less in plants exposed to Cr. Chromium also caused retardation of soluble protein. Accumulation of Cr in roots was much at all the levels of chromium supply. Exposure to Cr resulted in reduction in grain production and quality.
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PMID:Phytotoxic lesions of chromium in maize. 1258 57

To elucidate the deleterious effects of excess lead on radish (Raphanus sativus) cv. Jaunpuri plants were grown in refined sand in complete nutrient solution for 30 days. On the 31st day lead nitrate was superimposed at 0.1 and 0.5mM to radish for 65 days. A set of plants in complete nutrient solution was maintained as control for the same period without lead. Excess Pb at 0.5mM showed growth depression with interveinal chlorosis on young leaves at apex. Excess Pb reduced the fresh and dry weight pronouncedly at d 65. Lead accumulation reduced the concentration of chlorophyll, iron, sulphur (in tops), Hill reaction activity and catalase activity whereas increased the concentration of phosphorus, sulphur (in roots) and activity of peroxidase, acid phosphatase and ribonuclease in leaves of radish.
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PMID:Excess lead alters growth, metabolism and translocation of certain nutrients in radish. 1792 49

Xylella fastidiosa strain 9a5c is a gram-negative phytopathogen that is the causal agent of citrus variegated chlorosis (CVC), a disease that is responsible for economic losses in Brazilian agriculture. The most well-known mechanism of pathogenicity for this bacterial pathogen is xylem vessel occlusion, which results from bacterial movement and the formation of biofilms. The molecular mechanisms underlying the virulence caused by biofilm formation are unknown. Here, we provide evidence showing that virulence-associated protein D in X. fastidiosa (Xf-VapD) is a thermostable protein with ribonuclease activity. Moreover, protein expression analyses in two X. fastidiosa strains, including virulent (Xf9a5c) and nonpathogenic (XfJ1a12) strains, showed that Xf-VapD was expressed during all phases of development in both strains and that increased expression was observed in Xf9a5c during biofilm growth. This study is an important step toward characterizing and improving our understanding of the biological significance of Xf-VapD and its potential functions in the CVC pathosystem.
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PMID:VapD in Xylella fastidiosa Is a Thermostable Protein with Ribonuclease Activity. 2669 28