Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.26.4 (RNase H)
 2,751 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We surveyed the occurrence of unique restriction sites on the cDNAs of viroids, virusoids, and plant viral satellite RNAs that have a circular RNA as an intermediate of replication and found that four such sites would linearize their circular cDNAs. A rapid and simple method was then developed for cloning a naturally occurring viroid from Nematanthus wettsteinii plants. First-strand cDNA was synthesized using random hexanucleotide DNA primers and M-MuLV reverse transcriptase (Superscript RT). Second-strand DNA was synthesized by employing the replacement synthesis method using Escherichia coli RNase H, E. coli DNA polymerase I, E. coli DNA ligase, and beta-NAD+. The circular double-stranded DNA was analyzed for the presence of commonly available, unique restriction sites and subsequently linearized with a selected restriction enzyme. The linear cDNA was ligated to dephosphorylated plasmid vector pGEM 3Z f(+) and cloned in E. coli strain DH5 alpha. This cDNA cloning procedure is suitable for cloning sequence variants of well-characterized viroids, virusoids, certain plant viral satellite RNAs, and new such pathogens of unknown sequence.
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PMID:A rapid and versatile method for cloning viroids or other circular plant pathogenic RNAs. 138 86

We have described a strain of Escherichia coli that expresses high levels of enzymatically active, soluble, HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (A. Hizi, C. McGill, and S. H. Hughes, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 85, 1218-1222, 1988). The clone can be used as a source of the enzyme and to generate and characterize mutations in the reverse transcriptase. We have made a series of small in-frame insertions in the region that encodes the reverse transcriptase. When the mutant plasmids are reintroduced into E. coli, they induce the synthesis of mutant forms of the enzyme. With one interesting exception, the reduction in RNA-dependent DNA polymerizing activity seen in the mutants correlates well with the degree of sequence conservation among the various reverse transcriptases. Insertions into regions that are evolutionarily conserved have a more profound effect on RNA-dependent DNA polymerase activity than do insertions into regions that are less conserved. The exception to this simple correlation is that a small insertion into the region encoding RNase H gives rise to a protein with essentially no RNA-dependent DNA polymerase activity. We suggest that this mutation may affect the ability of the reverse transcriptase to fold properly, which might explain our previous observation that small carboxyl terminal deletions profoundly affect RNA-dependent NAD polymerase activity.
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PMID:Effects of small insertions on the RNA-dependent DNA polymerase activity of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. 247 Jan 95

Using polysomal immunoselected rat liver glutathione S-transferase mRNAs, we have constructed cDNA clones using DNA polymerase I, RNase H, and Escherichia coli ligase (NAD+)-mediated second strand cDNA synthesis as described by Gubler and Hoffman (Gubler, U., and Hoffman, B. S. (1983) Gene 25, 263-269). Recombinant clone, pGTB42, contained a cDNA insert of 900 base pairs whose 3' end showed specificity for the Yc mRNA in hybrid-select translation experiments. The nucleotide sequence of pGTB42 has been determined, and the complete amino acid sequence of a Yc subunit has been deduced. The cDNA clone contains an open reading frame of 663 nucleotides encoding a polypeptide comprising 221 amino acids with a molecular weight of 25,322. The NH2-terminal sequence deduced from pGTB42 is in agreement with the first 39 amino acids determined for a Ya-Yc heterodimer by conventional protein-sequencing techniques. A comparison of the nucleotide sequence of pGTB42 with the sequence of a Ya clone, pGTB38, described previously by our laboratory (Pickett, C. B., Telakowski-Hopkins, C. A., Ding, G. J.-F., Argenbright, L., and Lu, A.Y.H. (1984) J. Biol. Chem. 259, 5182-5188) reveals a sequence homology of 66% over the same regions of both clones; however, the 5'- and 3'-untranslated regions of the Ya and Yc mRNAs are totally divergent in their sequences. The overall amino acid sequence homology between the Ya and Yc subunits is 68%, however, the NH2-terminal domain is more highly conserved than the middle or carboxyl-terminal domains. Our data suggest that the Ya and Yc subunits of the rat liver glutathione S-transferases are products of two different mRNAs which are derived from two related yet different genes.
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PMID:Rat liver glutathione S-transferases. Construction of a cDNA clone complementary to a Yc mRNA and prediction of the complete amino acid sequence of a Yc subunit. 298 14