Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Pivot Concepts:
Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Target Concepts:
Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Query: EC:3.1.26.3 (
RNase III
)
1,015
document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)
Utilization of antiviral small interfering RNAs is thought to be largely restricted to plants, nematodes, and arthropods. In an effort to determine whether a physiological interplay exists between the host small RNA machinery and the cellular response to virus infection in mammals, we evaluated antiviral activity in the presence and absence of Dicer or Drosha, the
RNase III
nucleases responsible for generating small RNAs. Although loss of Dicer did not compromise the cellular response to virus infection, Drosha deletion resulted in a significant increase in virus levels. Here, we demonstrate that diverse RNA viruses trigger
exportin 1
(XPO1/
CRM1
)-dependent Drosha translocation into the cytoplasm in a manner independent of de novo protein synthesis or the canonical type I IFN system. Additionally, increased virus infection in the absence of Drosha was not due to a loss of viral small RNAs but, instead, correlated with cleavage of viral genomic RNA and modulation of the host transcriptome. Taken together, we propose that Drosha represents a unique and conserved arm of the cellular defenses used to combat virus infection.
...
PMID:Drosha as an interferon-independent antiviral factor. 2477 19
