Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:3.1.25.1 (deoxyribonuclease)
1,471 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Treatment of neuroblastoma cells with dibutyryl-adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate or adenine induced axon formation and a three-fold increase in the polyadenylate, poly(A), content of the polysomal mRNA. The extracted poly(A) contained 90% adenylic acid and showed a mobility of 6--7 S in dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Treatment with dibutyryl-adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate or adenine, also induced a 4--6 fold increase in a nuclear enzymic activity that incorporated [3H]ATP to an acid-insoluble polymer in a cell-free system. This polymer, like poly(A) extracted from the polysomal mRNA, was bound at high salt concentration to nitrocellulose filters. [3H]ATP incorporation was Mg2+-dependent, sensitive to ribonuclease and EDTA and resistant to deoxyribonuclease and actinomycin D. There was no incorporation of [3H]UTP or [3H]dTTP and addition of TUP, CTP and GTP did not increase the incorporation of [3H]ATP. 5-Bromodeoxyuridine induced axon formation of neuroblastoma cells and poly(A) polymerase activity, without increasing the poly(A) content in the polysomal mRNA. The results indicate that induction of axon formation of neuroblastoma cells is associated with an increase in the activity of poly(A) polymerase. It is suggested that the induction of this enzyme may be generally involved in cell differentiation.
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PMID:Induction of polyadenylate polymerase and differentiation in neuroblastoma cells. 17 99

[1,2,6,7-3H]Testosterone (250 muCi) was administered to castrated male rats; after 30 min a labelled testosterone-receptor protein complex with a pI of 5.1 was recovered from the pancreatic cytosol. A labelled testosterone-receptor complex with an identical pI was also extracted from the nuclear fraction of rat pancreas after incubation of minced pancreatic tissue with 0.1 muM-]1,2,6,7-3H]testosterone for 30 min at 37 degrees C. Studies in vitro showed that [1,2,6,7-3H]testosterone was bound to a receptor protein focusing at a pI of 5.1 and with a Kd of 2 nM and a number of binding sites of 4.7 fmol/mg of protein in castrated male rats. The testosterone-receptor complex sedimented at 3.5 S in high-salt sucrose-density gradients, was excluded from Sephadex G-200 and Ultragel ACA-34, was stable towards treatment with dextran-coated charcoal, was relatively sensitive to heat, and was stable to treatment with deoxyribonuclease and ribonuclease, but was sensitive to treatment which proteinase. It is suggested that the pancreatic androgen receptor, which was also present in castrated female rats, may play a role in sex-steroid regulation of pancreatic function.
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PMID:Demonstration of an androgen receptor in rat pancreas. 18 42

The rosette inhibition assay for immunosuppressive activity of antilymphocyte globulin or plasma has been studied in an effort to improve its reliability. Important changes include the elimination of calcium and magnesium ions from salt solutions used in the assay, the use of deoxyribonuclease to prevent lymphocyte clumping, and pretreatment of plasma samples (heating at 63 C for 10 min followed by acrinol precipitation) to prevent nonspecific inhibition of rosette formation. The use of a graded dose response potency assay against a house standard is discussed. A significant correlation was established between the in vitro activity of several series of antilymphocyte globulin or antithymocyte globulin preparations and their ability to prolong skin graft survival in primates. The best correlation was achieved using a potency estimate relative to a house standard, rather than the conventional titer estimate.
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PMID:Studies on the rosette inhibition assay. Improvement of the method and correlation with monkey skin graft prolongation. 80 75

Cells of Bacillus subtilis heated in high concentrations of sodium dodecyl sulfate (5%) and then washed free of detergent with a hot salt solution (80 C) become structurally reorganized into regions of densely compacted cytoplasm (termed zebras) and regions of sparsely filled material (termed spaces). Size distribution studies of zebras indicate that division-suppressed mutants and wild-type cells both yield zebras of comparable length. Similarly the lengths of zebras found in populations emerging from spores are uniform in one-, two-, three-, and four-zebra-containing cells. In contrast, the length of spaces is slightly larger than that of zebras and is unusually large in two-zebra-containing cells. The locations of zebras and spaces along cell length have been studied in spore out-growth populations. A statistical procedure developed previously in genome location investigations was used to analyze the location of zebras along cell length. The data indicate that as cells elongate, new sites arise where the cell contents are strongly bound to the cell surface. Within filament populations produced by division-suppressed mutants there is a linear relationship of mean filament length and zebra number per filament. These data indicate that cytoplasm in filaments with no obvious structural compartmentalizations may be organized into units associated with particular regions of cell surface. The attachment of cell contents to the cell surface may involve deoxyribonucleic acid. Zebra-containing cells digested with proteolytic enzyme and ribonuclease are converted to cells that contain a crystalline-like granule fixed at the location of each zebra. Exposure to deoxyribonuclease mobilizes these granules within the cell wall.
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PMID:Cellular organization of Bacillus subtilis: sodium dodecyl sulfate-induced cell partitioning into zebra structures. 82 Jun 87

A subnuclear fraction has been isolated from HeLa S3 nuclei after treatment with high salt buffer, deoxyribonuclease, and dithiothreitol. This fraction retains the approximate size and shape of nuclei and resembles the nuclear matrix recently isolated from rat liver nuclei. Ultrastructural and biochemical analyses indicate that this structure consists of nonmembranous elements as well as some membranous elements. Its chemical composition is 87% protein, 12% phospholipid, 1% DNA, and 0.1% RNA by weight. The protein constituents are resolved in SDS-polyacrylamide slab gels into 30-35 distinguishable bands in the apparent molecular weight range of 14,000 - 200,000 with major peptides at 14,000 - 18,000 and 45,000 - 75,000. Analysis of newly synthesized polypeptides by cylindrical gel electrophoresis reveals another cluster in the 90,000-130,000 molecular weight range. Infection with adenovirus results in an altered polypeptide profile. Additional polypeptides with apparent molecular weights of 21,000, 23,000, and 92,000 become major components by 22 h after infection. Concomitantly, some peptides in the 45,000-75,000 mol wt range become less prominent. In synchronized cells the relative staining capacity of the six bands in the 45,000-75,000 mol wt range changes during the cell cycle. Synthesis of at least some matrix polypeptides occures in all phases of the cell cycle, although there is decreased synthesis in late S/G2. In the absence of protein synthesis after cell division, at least some polypeptides in the 45,000-75,000 mol wt range survive nuclear dispersal and subsequent reformation during mitosis. The possible significance of this subnuclear structure with regard to structure-function relationships within the nucleus during virus replication and during the life cycle of the cell is discussed.
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PMID:Nuclear matrix of HeLa S3 cells. Polypeptide composition during adenovirus infection and in phases of the cell cycle. 83 Jun 54

A method is described for the dissociation of mouse ovaries and the isolation of oocytes free of somatic cells by agitating pieces of ovary in collagenase and deoxyribonuclease in a calcium and magnesium free salt solution. This method yielded about 50% of the growing oocytes from immature mice. The utilization of exogenously administered 14C-labelled energy sources by oocytes in various growth stages was determined by measurement of evolved 14CO2. Little or no evolution of 14CO2 was detected from oocytes of any size incubated in 14C-glucose, lactate or succinate. The production of 14CO2 from 14C-pyruvate increased logarithmically when plotted against increasing oocyte volume with a plateau occurring after occytes reached a volume of 65,500 mum3 (50 mum diameter). Thus, the pattern of energy metabolism for oocyte maturation and early egg cleavage, wherein glucose and lactate are not utilized as efficiently as pyruvate, has been established by the earliest stages of oocyte growth.
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PMID:Analysis of mouse oogenesis in vitro. Oocyte isolation and the utilization of exogenous energy sources by growing oocytes. 100 46

When nuclei isolated from rat liver in a low salt buffer were washed with 0.1 M NaCl solution, the supernatant showed a deoxyribonuclease (DNase) activity. The activity required Mg2+ and in addition spermine or spermidine, and its optimal pH was 7.2-7.4. The activity was higher on denatured (single stranded) DNA than on double-helical DNA. With both substrates the activity was highest at a polyamine concentration at which the DNA-polyamine complex began to precipitate. No Mg2++Ca2+ dependent DNase activity was detected in the preparation.
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PMID:Polyamine-dependent deoxyribonuclease activity from rat-liver nuclei. 101 20

1. Renal and cerebral vascular lesions occurred more often and earlier in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) given a high salt diet than in SHR given a normal diet. 2. Kidney renin activity was low during high salt loading; the kidney renin activity of rats with hypertensive renal vascular lesions was moderately elevated. Kidney renin activity or cathepsin D activities were higher in stroke-prone SHR (SHRSP) aged 9 months than in stroke-resistant SHR (SHRSR). 3. beta-Glucuronidase, cathepsin D and deoxyribonuclease activities were greater in the kidney of Wistar/Kyoto (WK) rats or SHR when there were hypertensive vascular lesions. These three enzyme activities were also greater in the aorta of SHR aged 13-14 months than in the aorta of WK rats. 4. It was supposed that kidney renin activity and lysosomal enzyme activities were related to hypertensive vascular lesions.
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PMID:Vascular lesions in hypertensive rats under salt loading: kidney renin and lysosomal enzymes. 107 69

Rapidly labeled polydispersed nuclear RNA is part of a ribonucleoprotein (RNP) network which in turn is tightly bound to the nuclear membrane. The membranous attachment, therefore, established a connection between chromatin and cytoplasm. The ultrastructure of the RNP network comprises fibrils and granules similar to those observed in intact nuclei. When bound to the nuclear membrane it has the composition of 63% protein, 14% RNA, 0.4% DNA, and 22.6% lipids. The proportion of lipids diminishes to 2.2% when nuclear membrane is not present. Chromatin, nucleoli, and ribosomes are minor contaminants since histones and ribosomal proteins are not detectable in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Nuclear disruption at high pressure in a French pressure cell causes fragmentation of the RNP network into a series of polydispersed RNP particles. Fragmentation can be prevented by using mild pressure, or by disrupting nuclei with high salt buffer and digesting the dispersed chromatin with deoxyribonuclease. A RNP network, almost free of membrane, is also obtained if the nucleus is deprived of its envelope by treatment with Triton X-100. Since no polydispersed RNP particles are found following dissolution of the nuclear membrane, it is assumed that the particles are components of the RNP network whose fragmentation occurs as a consequence of two processes: (a) activation of nuclear nucleases and (b) shearing forces.
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PMID:Isolation of a nuclear ribonucleoprotein network that contains heterogeneous RNA and is bound to the nuclear envelope. 117 5

A DNA polymerase from Ustilago maydis has been purified to apparent homogeneity. The native enzyme possesses a subunit structure consisting of 50000 and 55000-dalton monomers. The apparent sedimentation coefficient of the polymerase activity in the absence of salt is 8.4 S (Mr=180000-200000), that in its presence (0.6 M NaCl or 0.12 M KCl) being 6.3 S (Mr=80000-100000). Low concentrations of EDTA also converted the 8.4-S to a 6.3-S form, whereas magnesium ions catalysed the reverse association. The enzyme has an absolute requirement for both a DNA or RNA template and a DNA primer. For homopolymer templates the primer requirement was satisified by a short complementary oligodeoxynucleotide, but oligoribonucleotides were extremely inefficient primers. With the template-primer poly(dA) X (dT)12, the enzyme added an average of 50 dTMP nucleotides on to each primer molecule, whereas with poly(rA) X (dT)12, this figure was 300. The enzyme also possesses an associated deoxyribonuclease activity. No other DNA polymerase activity was detected in cell-free extracts of U. maydis.
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PMID:A DNA polymerase from Ustilago maydis. 1. Purification and properties of the polymerase activity. 124 75


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