Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.1.25.1 (deoxyribonuclease)
 1,471 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A comprehensive review of the methods which have been utilized for the identification of staphylococci is presented. Biochemical characteristics which have assisted in the primary isolation of staphylococci, such as pigmentation, hemolytic activity, the egg yolk phenomenon, and deoxyribonuclease and coagulase production, are also analyzed. The potential applicability of advanced techniques to identify staphylococci, such as the detection of enterotoxin production, base ratio analysis, cell wall analysis, phage typing, and serology, is discussed. The following procedures are recommended for routine use: Idnetification of Staphylococcus sp. (clinical laboratories): microscopic observation, catalase activity, coagulase production, lysostaphin sensitivity, and (optional) facultative growth in thioglycolate medium. Identification of Staphylococcus aureus (food laboratories): microscopic observation, catalase activity, coagulase production, thermonuclease production, and (optional) lysostaphin sensitivity.
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PMID:The identification of staphylococci in clinical and food microbiology laboratories. 79 25

The biotyping scheme of Baird-Parker was applied to cultures of Staphylococcus epidermidis from patients. In all, 63.6% of 228 cultures belonged to biotype 1, followed by biotypes 4, 3, and 2 in decreasing order of incidence. When classified according to clinical source of isolation, cultures of S. epidermidis were most frequently isolated from urine, with 39.5% of 228 cultures from this source. Each of the four biotypes was distributed throughout all nine catagories of clinical sources. The production of virulence factors was based on the results of three groups of tests: (i) deoxyribonuclease, urease, gelatinase, caseinase, and lysozyme production; (ii) lipolytic activity on the tweens; and (iii) hemolysin production. Enzymatic activity was highest for organisms in biotypes 1, followed by biotypes 3, 4, and 2 in decreasing order. Of the 228 cultures, 76.3% were lysed by lysostaphin. Resistance to antibiotics was highest for tetracycline, ampicillin, and penicillin, with rates of 54.8, 69.3, and 81.6%, respectively. The role of S. epidermidis as an etiological agent was studied by analyzing the laboratory and clinical data of 80 patients selected at random with bacteriuric S. epidermidis. Organisms in biotype 1 were most commonly associated with urinary tract infection. The significance of certain biotypes of S. epidermidis as opportunistic pathogens among compromised hosts in a hospital environment is discussed.
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PMID:Virulence factors of biotypes of Staphylococcus epidermidis from clinical sources. 117 3

A variant of Staphylococcus aureus 44A HJD was isolated by serial growth in Trypticase soy broth to which 2 M serine had been added (wt/vol). Amino acid analysis of hydrolysates of purified mucopeptides from the variant showed that they contained 1.266 serine and 2.156 glycine residues per glutamic acid residue, compared with 0.174 serine and 3.144 glycine residues per glutamic acid residue in the mucopeptide of the parent strain. In addition to this alteration in the chemical composition of the mucopeptide, the variant lost many of the biochemical and cultural characteristics of the parent organism. The variant was not sensitive to the lytic action of lysostaphin and was non-phage-typable. Moreover, in vitro tests indicated that the organism was coagulase negative, did not produce gelatinase or deoxyribonuclease, and did not hemolyze sheep erythrocytes. Apparently due to the change in the serine content in the cell wall of the parent S. aureus strain, the organism had become "epidermidis-like" in its properties.
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PMID:In vitro incorporation of serine into the staphylococcal cell wall. 427 49