Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.22.1 (DNase II)
 429 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

1. The multiple forms of acid phosphohydrolases in liver lysosomes of Sus scrofa domesticus and Gallus gallus domesticus were studied by use of isoelectric focusing. 2. Acid phosphatase was resolved into two forms in G. gallus domesticus and three forms in S. scrofa domesticus. Especially, two forms of G. gallus domesticus were different from each other in their enzymatic properties. 3. The pI values of acid ATPase agreed with those of acid phosphodiesterase in G. gallus domesticus. According to the data on activity ratios, however, these enzymes seemed not to be identical. 4. Except acid deoxyribonuclease, extraction by Triton X-100 of lysosomes increased the proportions of acidic forms of these enzymes. In particular, a new form of acid ribonuclease with pI 4.5 or 4.9 appeared in both cases of G. gallus domesticus and S. scrofa domesticus.
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PMID:An isoelectric focusing study of acid phosphohydrolases in liver lysosomes of higher vertebrates. 31 7

The biochemical correlates of droplet formation in renal inner medullary cells of potassium-deficient rats were studied. An increase in the activities of five hydrolytic enzymes typical of lysosomes was associated with an increase in the number and size of droplets observed during progressive potassium depletion. Acid phosphatase activity increased 7-fold whereas beta-glucuronidase, beta-galactosidase, cathepsin, and acid DNase increased 2- to 4-fold in medullary homogenates at 25 days of depletion. Following potassium repletion the activities returned to normal at a rate dependent upon the duration of potassium depletion. The decreases in enzyme activities were associated with a concomitant rapid disappearance of the droplets from medullary cells. Protein synthesis for new droplet enzyme formation was studied by measuring the rate of [14C]leucine incorporation into protein in medullary slices. The rate increased at 1 day of depletion and reached a maximum which was 139 per cent higher than control after 7 days of depletion. In droplets isolated from medullary tissue during progressive potassium depletion the rate of protein labeling with [14C]leucine and acid phosphatase specific activity increased in parallel. When droplet proteins were separated by gel electrophoresis, acid phosphatase activity was detected in a protein band which had been labeled with [14C]leucine, thereby suggesting new enzyme protein formation. The increase in enzyme and protein synthesis and a previously demonstrated increase in phospholipid synthesis and membrane formation indicate that potassium depletion induces specific alterations in renal inner medullary cell metabolism which result in increased lysosome formation.
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PMID:Formation of renal medullary lysosomes during potassium depletion nephropathy. 83 28

Forty-seven human leukaemia/lymphoma cell lines belonging to myelocytic, monocytic, non-T/non-B, T-, and B-lineage and representing different levels of maturation as well as fresh cells from normal and leukaemic subjects were examined for immunological markers and cytochemically for acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase (pH 5.8 and 8.0), alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase (pH 5.8 and 8.0), non-specific esterase, chloroacetate esterase, chymotrypsin-like protease, deoxyribonuclease II, beta-glucuronidase, sudan black, and periodic acid Schiff's staining. Strong sudan black, nonspecific esterase, and chloroacetate esterase reaction was obtained only for myelocytic and monocytic cell lines with the reaction intensity increasing progressively in more mature cells. Focal acid phosphatase reaction like T-ALL was found in all T-ALL cell lines, whereas myeloid/monocytoid lines had semicircular distribution and B-cell lines cytoplasmic distribution of activity. Acid phosphatase activity appeared to decline with maturation along both myeloid and T-cell lineage. High activity of alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase and alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase both at pH 5.8 and 8.0 and of beta-glucuronidase was found in myeloid/monocytoid lines although both B- and T-cell lines in contrast to peripheral blood B-cells also had significant esterase activity. alpha-Naphthyl butyrate esterase activity declined with increasing cell maturation along myeloid lineage. Except for weak activity in two B-cell lines alkaline phosphatase was not detected in any cell lines. Monocyte esterase activity was inhibited by sodium fluoride whereas acid phosphatase, only from hairy cell leukaemia line, was resistant to L-tartarate. Although periodic acid Schiff's staining could not distinguish myeloid, T-, B-, or non-T/non-B cell lines it gave characteristic reaction (large number of coarse granules against a clear background forming a ring around the nucleus) with erythroblastic leukaemia cell line and along myeloid series its intensity increased in more mature cells. Deoxyribonuclease II and chymotrypsin-like protease staining were not discriminatory. The results of this study show that cytochemical staining characteristics of various leukaemia/lymphoma cell lines are comparable to those of corresponding cells from patients and that the intensity and pattern of expression of these activities are related to cell type and degree of cell maturation. These studies give further credence to the use of these cell lines in cell differentiation, differential drug cytotoxicity, and many other studies.
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PMID:Cytochemical comparison of immunologically characterized human leukaemia/lymphoma cell lines representing different levels of maturation. 619 Apr 91